{"id":"https://openalex.org/W196202791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.8182041x","title":"Early weaning to reduce tissue mobilization in lactating sows and milk supplementation to enhance pig weaning weight during extreme heat stress1,2","display_name":"Early weaning to reduce tissue mobilization in lactating sows and milk supplementation to enhance pig weaning weight during extreme heat stress1,2","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W196202791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.8182041x","mag":"196202791","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12926786"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2527/2003.8182041x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.8182041x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.8182041x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72684844","display_name":"Journal of Animal Science","issn_l":"0021-8812","issn":["0021-8812","1525-3015","1525-3163","1544-7847"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Animal Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058051068","display_name":"Joel D Spencer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. D. Spencer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023929004","display_name":"R. D. Boyd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6754-1096","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6754-1096"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. D. Boyd","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u2020 Pig Improvement Co., Franklin, KY 42135"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u2020 Pig Improvement Co., Franklin, KY 42135","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073124868","display_name":"Rafael A Cabrera","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Cabrera","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u2020 Pig Improvement Co., Franklin, KY 42135"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u2020 Pig Improvement Co., Franklin, KY 42135","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042738306","display_name":"Gary L. Allee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G. L. Allee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211","#N#        Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#        Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042738306"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"],"apc_list":{"value":4368,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4368},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.084,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":79,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75277179,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"81","issue":"8","first_page":"2041","last_page":"2052"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12365","display_name":"Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock","score":0.9574999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12365","display_name":"Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock","score":0.9574999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10152","display_name":"Animal Nutrition and Physiology","score":0.04050000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-weaning","display_name":"early weaning","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-stress","display_name":"heat stress","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactating-sows","display_name":"lactating sows","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/milk-replacer-supplementation","display_name":"milk replacer supplementation","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weaning-weight","display_name":"weaning weight","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backfat-thickness","display_name":"backfat thickness","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ribeye-area","display_name":"loin eye area","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sow-parity","display_name":"sow parity","score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactation-duration","display_name":"lactation length","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piglet-growth-performance","display_name":"piglet growth","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursery-period","display_name":"nursery period","score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambient-temperature","display_name":"ambient temperature","score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piglet-rearing","display_name":"piglet rearing","score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piglet-growth-rate","display_name":"piglet growth rate","score":0.3160000145435333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776659692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719426","display_name":"Lactation","level":3,"score":0.8639814853668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780655333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333203","display_name":"Weaning","level":2,"score":0.8234260082244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.7722570300102234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987418964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242165","display_name":"Heat stress","level":2,"score":0.49135032296180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910166804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1085907","display_name":"Longissimus muscle","level":2,"score":0.4188438653945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.41787174344062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.2573983371257782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000273","descriptor_name":"Adipose Tissue","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000833","descriptor_name":"Animals, Suckling","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004734","descriptor_name":"Energy Metabolism","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007774","descriptor_name":"Lactation","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008892","descriptor_name":"Milk","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008892","descriptor_name":"Milk","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010298","descriptor_name":"Parity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011897","descriptor_name":"Random Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014886","descriptor_name":"Weaning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015431","descriptor_name":"Weight Loss","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018882","descriptor_name":"Heat Stress Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018882","descriptor_name":"Heat Stress Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2527/2003.8182041x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.8182041x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.8182041x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72684844","display_name":"Journal of Animal Science","issn_l":"0021-8812","issn":["0021-8812","1525-3015","1525-3163","1544-7847"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Animal Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12926786","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12926786","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of animal science","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2719282","https://openalex.org/W13302450","https://openalex.org/W21868065","https://openalex.org/W22320272","https://openalex.org/W39839393","https://openalex.org/W51887918","https://openalex.org/W111852059","https://openalex.org/W115815853","https://openalex.org/W124443197","https://openalex.org/W150169114","https://openalex.org/W177302791","https://openalex.org/W179982172","https://openalex.org/W656623769","https://openalex.org/W1414595996","https://openalex.org/W1516217835","https://openalex.org/W1522422947","https://openalex.org/W1523149798","https://openalex.org/W1599480395","https://openalex.org/W1938294509","https://openalex.org/W1977097354","https://openalex.org/W1981938044","https://openalex.org/W1995448138","https://openalex.org/W2002758624","https://openalex.org/W2036758747","https://openalex.org/W2052862794","https://openalex.org/W2079262153","https://openalex.org/W2083380178","https://openalex.org/W2093845414","https://openalex.org/W2114963971","https://openalex.org/W2115798170","https://openalex.org/W2156393576","https://openalex.org/W2298230951","https://openalex.org/W2401469438","https://openalex.org/W2405411593","https://openalex.org/W2415489558","https://openalex.org/W2415528635","https://openalex.org/W2418275298","https://openalex.org/W2419111023"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2801823171","https://openalex.org/W2238900286","https://openalex.org/W1996872762","https://openalex.org/W207928848","https://openalex.org/W2148602120","https://openalex.org/W2034340480","https://openalex.org/W4388539601","https://openalex.org/W1961115732","https://openalex.org/W6945583318","https://openalex.org/W1991952675"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,388],"study":[1,389],"was":[2],"conducted":[3],"to":[4,79,85,91,290,340,401,406],"determine":[5],"the":[6,103,133,254,270,303,333,371,375,391,403],"effect":[7],"of":[8,43,47,110,135,393],"reduced":[9],"lactation":[10,49,62,180],"length":[11],"and":[12,24,56,68,88,115,121,131,150,169,188,225,239,266,273,282,294,312,324,405,411],"supplemental":[13],"milk":[14,399],"replacer":[15,301,400],"(MR)":[16],"during":[17,179,196],"high":[18],"ambient":[19],"temperatures.":[20],"Thirty":[21],"nine":[22],"primiparous":[23,265,311,354,379],"100":[25],"multiparous":[26,267,313,326],"sows":[27,100,183,211,268,327,339,355,380],"(PIC,":[28],"Franklin,":[29],"KY,":[30],"C-22)":[31],"were":[32,75,101,113,143],"used":[33],"in":[34,184,215,253,269,307,316,321,332,370,378,396],"a":[35,152],"2":[36,38,40],"x":[37,39],"factorial":[41],"arrangement":[42],"treatments.":[44],"Treatments":[45],"consisted":[46],"two":[48,61,69],"room":[50],"temperatures":[51],"(21":[52],"degrees":[53,58],"C":[54,59],"[TN]":[55],"32":[57],"[HOT]),":[60],"lengths":[63],"(14":[64],"or":[65,82,140,351],"19":[66,80,92,251,291,341],"d),":[67],"parity":[70,227],"groups":[71,228],"(primiparous,":[72],"multiparous).":[73],"Pigs":[74,142,263,318],"either:":[76],"1)":[77],"sow-reared":[78,84,314],"d":[81,93,252,292,342,368],"2)":[83],"14":[86,139,261,369],"d,":[87,384],"then":[89],"reared":[90,352],"with":[94,182,336,398],"MR":[95,275,320],"after":[96,129,151],"sow":[97,136,161,171,404],"removal.":[98],"All":[99],"fed":[102,319],"same":[104],"diet":[105],"(1.07%":[106],"lysine,":[107],"3,366":[108],"kcal":[109],"ME/kg).":[111],"Sows":[112],"weighed":[114,145],"ultrasound":[116],"for":[117,250,260],"backfat":[118],"thickness":[119],"(BF)":[120],"longissimus":[122],"muscle":[123],"area":[124],"(LMA)":[125],"within":[126],"6":[127],"h":[128],"farrowing":[130],"at":[132,146],"time":[134],"removal":[137],"(d":[138,148,156,194],"19).":[141],"individually":[144],"weaning":[147,193,366,395,409],"19)":[149],"47-d":[153],"nursery":[154,334,412],"period":[155],"66).":[157],"Heat":[158],"stress":[159,198],"increased":[160],"weight":[162,201,330],"loss":[163,202],"(-13.35":[164],"kg,":[165,206],"P":[166,176,207,222,236,245,297,348,362,385],"<":[167,177,208,223,237,246,298,349,363,386],"0.01)":[168,178],"decreased":[170,199,302,374],"feed":[172],"intake":[173],"(4.63":[174],"kg/d,":[175,190],"compared":[181,335],"TN":[185],"(+4.5":[186],"kg":[187],"7.5":[189],"respectively).":[191],"Early":[192],"14)":[195],"heat":[197,416],"maternal":[200],"(-10.1":[203],"vs.":[204,219,233,242,344,357,382],"-16.6":[205],"0.01).":[209,299,364],"Primiparous":[210],"lost":[212,229],"more":[213,230],"BF":[214,231],"both":[216,226,322],"environments":[217,323],"(-2.60":[218],"-1.56":[220],"mm,":[221,235],"0.05),":[224],"(-3.35":[232],"-2.3":[234],"0.10)":[238],"LMA":[240],"(-1.82":[241],"-0.77":[243],"cm2,":[244],"0.05)":[247],"when":[248],"lactating":[249,259],"HOT":[255,271,372],"environment":[256,272,373],"than":[257,287],"those":[258,288],"d.":[262],"nursing":[264,289,325,338],"provided":[274],"had":[276,328],"heavier":[277],"individual":[278],"19-d":[279,308],"weights":[280,309,410,414],"(7.37":[281],"8.12":[283],"kg/":[284],"pig,":[285],"respectively)":[286],"(5.57":[293],"6.04":[295],"kg/pig,":[296],"Milk":[300],"difference":[304],"normally":[305],"observed":[306],"between":[310],"pigs":[315,337],"TN.":[317],"improved":[329],"gains":[331],"(428":[343],"406":[345],"g/d,":[346],"respectively;":[347,361],"0.01),":[350],"by":[353],"(444":[356],"390":[358],"g/d":[359],",":[360],"Sow":[365],"on":[367],"wean-to-estrus":[376],"interval":[377],"(22.8":[381],"9.2":[383],"0.10).":[387],"shows":[390],"benefit":[392],"early":[394],"combination":[397],"preserve":[402],"restore":[407],"pig":[408],"end":[413],"under":[415],"stress.":[417]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}