{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1960844653","doi":null,"title":"Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with Choice and Refusal of Partners","display_name":"Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with Choice and Refusal of Partners","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1960844653","mag":"1960844653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lib.dr.iastate.edu:econ_las_economicreports-1028","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/econ_las_economicreports/9","pdf_url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/econ_las_economicreports/9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196104","display_name":"Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","host_organization_name":"Iowa State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISU Economic Report Series","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/econ_las_economicreports/9","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103455678","display_name":"E. Ann Stanley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Ann Stanley","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108360962","display_name":"Dan Ashlock","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Ashlock","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071651964","display_name":"Leigh S. Tesfatsion","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7783-2708","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7783-2708"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leigh Tesfatsion","raw_affiliation_strings":["Iowa State University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7783-2708","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Iowa State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8639,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95909669,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterated-prisoner-s-dilemma","display_name":"iterated prisoner's dilemma","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axelrod-tournament","display_name":"Axelrod tournaments","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cooperation","display_name":"cooperation","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-ecology","display_name":"artificial ecology","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agent-based-modeling","display_name":"agent-based modeling","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partner-choice","display_name":"partner choice","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expected-payoff","display_name":"expected payoff","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tournament-games","display_name":"tournament games","score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolution-of-cooperation","display_name":"evolution of cooperation","score":0.5360000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22171661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074380","display_name":"Stochastic game","level":2,"score":0.8393301963806152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113494165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41693","display_name":"Prisoner's dilemma","level":3,"score":0.763208270072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6314727067947388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778496695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254128","display_name":"Dilemma","level":2,"score":0.6269489526748657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140479938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5254619","display_name":"Iterated function","level":2,"score":0.6258167028427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.579106867313385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47993264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1518456","display_name":"Traveler's dilemma","level":5,"score":0.4876326620578766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.45078858733177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44661352038383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90659851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1300745","display_name":"Superrationality","level":4,"score":0.4147687554359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.33895012736320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3306681215763092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.32435470819473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202556891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1584646","display_name":"Repeated game","level":3,"score":0.27857524156570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2639031410217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2326383888721466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16639623045921326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11565303802490234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155930848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069099","display_name":"Normal-form game","level":4,"score":0.1025860607624054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:lib.dr.iastate.edu:econ_las_economicreports-1028","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/econ_las_economicreports/9","pdf_url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/econ_las_economicreports/9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196104","display_name":"Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","host_organization_name":"Iowa State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISU Economic Report Series","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:isu:genres:11180","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/tnghome.htm","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:isu:genstf:199302010800001028","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/196daa47-d7dd-42db-934c-44be0243645e/content","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:1960844653","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/p/isu/genres/11180.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306530833","display_name":"Staff General Research Papers Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Staff General Research Papers Archive","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3124663497","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:isu:genres:11180","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lib.dr.iastate.edu:econ_las_economicreports-1028","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/econ_las_economicreports/9","pdf_url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/econ_las_economicreports/9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196104","display_name":"Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","host_organization_name":"Iowa State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISU Economic Report Series","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312777","display_name":"Santa Fe Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01arysc35"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1960844653.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1960844653.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494078682","https://openalex.org/W1497256448","https://openalex.org/W2010638218","https://openalex.org/W2022924224","https://openalex.org/W2045716049","https://openalex.org/W2054889970","https://openalex.org/W2058248045","https://openalex.org/W2062663664","https://openalex.org/W2065424085","https://openalex.org/W2070993075","https://openalex.org/W2082635297","https://openalex.org/W2083425208","https://openalex.org/W2121885874","https://openalex.org/W2123850572","https://openalex.org/W2164789569"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2409305277","https://openalex.org/W7097377736","https://openalex.org/W7095588725","https://openalex.org/W1966289978","https://openalex.org/W4213248166","https://openalex.org/W7096621942","https://openalex.org/W2182556120","https://openalex.org/W1585017278","https://openalex.org/W1870032829","https://openalex.org/W280318037"],"abstract_inverted_index":{".":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2],"investigates":[3],"cooperative":[4],"behavior":[5],"in":[6],"an":[7],"artificial":[8],"ecology.in":[9],"which":[10],"egoistic":[11],"agents":[12],"interact-with":[13],"each":[14,46],"other":[15],"through":[16],"a":[17,25,65],"tournament":[18,22],"of":[19,27,55,68],"iterated":[20,31],"games..The":[21],"played":[23],"is":[24],"variant":[26],"the":[28],"Axelrod":[29],"(1984)":[30],"prisoner's":[32,60],"dilemma":[33,61,75],"(IPD)":[34],"game,modified":[35],"to":[36,39,58,64,72],"permit":[37],"players":[38,48],"choose":[40],"and":[41,71],"refuse":[42,73],"potential":[43],"game.partners.":[44],"In":[45],"iteration,":[47],"use":[49],"expected":[50],"payoffs":[51],"updated":[52],"on'the":[53],"basis":[54],"past":[56],"encounters":[57],"make":[59],"game":[62,76],"offers":[63,77],"limited":[66],"number":[67],"preferred":[69],"players,":[70],"prisoner's,":[74],"from":[78],"unacceptable":[79],"players...":[80]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}