{"id":"https://openalex.org/W19569498","doi":null,"title":"Regulatory T cells: back to the future.","display_name":"Regulatory T cells: back to the future.","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W19569498","mag":"19569498","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16421435"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:16421435","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16421435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Netherlands journal of medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000558528","display_name":"Jan G.M.C. Damoiseaux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4007-6985","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4007-6985"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800191616","display_name":"Maastricht University Medical Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02d9ce178","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800191616"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J Damoiseaux","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands. jdam@limm.azm.nl"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands. jdam@limm.azm.nl","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800191616"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000558528"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800191616"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.681,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82495223,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"1","first_page":"4","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10469","display_name":"Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11510","display_name":"Reproductive System and Pregnancy","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-t-cells","display_name":"regulatory T cells","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-regulatory-t-cells","display_name":"natural regulatory T cells","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induced-regulatory-t-cells","display_name":"induced regulatory T cells","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-homeostasis","display_name":"immune homeostasis","score":0.949999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.6342157125473022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.5488643050193787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781438807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18393925","display_name":"Regulatory B cells","level":4,"score":0.5317593812942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778296632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550619","display_name":"Regulatory T cell","level":5,"score":0.5168290734291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79484868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5971673","display_name":"IL-2 receptor","level":4,"score":0.48847925662994385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139563560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224930","display_name":"Natural killer T cell","level":4,"score":0.44656968116760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.435861200094223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.4325525462627411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.4302392303943634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.42815494537353516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.37683969736099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3279988765716553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187316574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423698","display_name":"Interleukin 10","level":3,"score":0.22886872291564941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.16429513692855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.14167502522468567}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050378","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:16421435","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16421435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Netherlands journal of medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:19569498","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16421435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W68282923","https://openalex.org/W111606822","https://openalex.org/W341511985","https://openalex.org/W1526621387","https://openalex.org/W1530044612","https://openalex.org/W1560277370","https://openalex.org/W1567420244","https://openalex.org/W1567647760","https://openalex.org/W1873524018","https://openalex.org/W1965727970","https://openalex.org/W1978011938","https://openalex.org/W1979049274","https://openalex.org/W1989010737","https://openalex.org/W1998722289","https://openalex.org/W2002061924","https://openalex.org/W2004470862","https://openalex.org/W2005721095","https://openalex.org/W2017003957","https://openalex.org/W2019858577","https://openalex.org/W2025813544","https://openalex.org/W2054726751","https://openalex.org/W2057798837","https://openalex.org/W2059377172","https://openalex.org/W2084006363","https://openalex.org/W2092094591","https://openalex.org/W2096696255","https://openalex.org/W2096890342","https://openalex.org/W2097811455","https://openalex.org/W2118268169","https://openalex.org/W2123677383","https://openalex.org/W2123987776","https://openalex.org/W2127432084","https://openalex.org/W2132926599","https://openalex.org/W2135698322","https://openalex.org/W2150747144","https://openalex.org/W2156959273","https://openalex.org/W2160306941","https://openalex.org/W2170011220","https://openalex.org/W2564152524","https://openalex.org/W2792745638"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064228332","https://openalex.org/W2142859916","https://openalex.org/W2055571197","https://openalex.org/W1985612690","https://openalex.org/W2130576789","https://openalex.org/W1985411806","https://openalex.org/W2081672265","https://openalex.org/W1552651757","https://openalex.org/W1984942962","https://openalex.org/W1507624196"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Regulatory":[0],"T":[1,12,20,27,77,89,105,115,127,144],"cells":[2,21,38,49,90,116,128,145],"seem":[3],"to":[4,24,55,66,84,98],"represent":[5],"the":[6,9,44,85,99,152,161,165,168,176],"resurrection":[7],"of":[8,15,47,87,103,160,164,170],"old":[10],"suppressor":[11],"cells.":[13,78,106],"Although":[14,138],"a":[16],"different":[17],"phenotype,":[18],"regulatory":[19,76,88,114,126,143],"are":[22,149,156],"able":[23],"suppress":[25],"many":[26],"cell":[28],"mediated":[29],"immune":[30,177],"responses.":[31],"While":[32],"most":[33],"basic":[34],"knowledge":[35],"about":[36,69],"these":[37,48,75,104],"is":[39,81,109],"derived":[40],"from":[41],"animal":[42],"studies,":[43],"recent":[45],"identification":[46,100],"in":[50,59,146,158,175],"humans":[51],"has":[52],"further":[53],"attributed":[54],"their":[56],"characterisation":[57,102],"by":[58,72],"vitro":[60],"analysis.":[61],"Results":[62],"obtained":[63],"have":[64],"led":[65],"broad":[67],"speculations":[68],"therapeutic":[70],"potential":[71],"interference":[73],"with":[74,96,172],"This":[79],"review":[80],"an":[82,93],"introduction":[83],"world":[86],"and":[91,101,124],"contains":[92],"historical":[94],"overview":[95],"respect":[97],"A":[107],"distinction":[108],"made":[110],"between":[111],"naturally":[112],"occurring":[113],"(nT(reg)),":[117],"which":[118,130],"require":[119],"cell-cell":[120],"contact":[121],"for":[122],"suppression,":[123],"inducible":[125],"(iT(reg)),":[129],"predominantly":[131],"mediate":[132],"suppression":[133],"via":[134],"cytokine":[135],"dependent":[136],"pathways.":[137],"only":[139],"limited":[140],"studies":[141],"on":[142],"human":[147],"disease":[148],"available":[150],"today,":[151],"possible":[153],"clinical":[154],"applications":[155],"discussed":[157],"light":[159],"other":[162],"side":[163],"coin,":[166],"i.e.":[167],"danger":[169],"interfering":[171],"homeostatic":[173],"mechanisms":[174],"system.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}