{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1954464827","doi":null,"title":"Effects of Selected Corporate Governance Characteristics on Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from Kenya","display_name":"Effects of Selected Corporate Governance Characteristics on Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from Kenya","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1954464827","mag":"1954464827"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:oai.econjournals.com:article/14","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/view/14","pdf_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/download/14/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737777163","display_name":"International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues","issn_l":"2146-4138","issn":["2146-4138"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318345","host_organization_name":"EconJournals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318345"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EconJournals"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2146-4138","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/download/14/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004464633","display_name":"Vincent O Ongore","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent O. Ongore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kenya Revenue Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kenya Revenue Authority","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110810638","display_name":"Peter K\u2019Obonyo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-1474","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-1474"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12859529","display_name":"University of Nairobi","ror":"https://ror.org/02y9nww90","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12859529"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter O. K\u2019obonyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nairobi- Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nairobi- Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12859529"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":300},"apc_paid":{"value":300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":300},"fwci":9.7493,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":97,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97646328,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13957","display_name":"Corporate Governance and Financial Management","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11843","display_name":"Family Business Performance and Succession","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"corporate governance","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-performance","display_name":"firm performance","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ownership-concentration","display_name":"ownership concentration","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ownership-identity","display_name":"ownership identity","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/board-effectiveness","display_name":"board effectiveness","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/managerial-discretion","display_name":"managerial discretion","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-agent-problem","display_name":"principal-agent problem","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-ownership","display_name":"state ownership","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-ownership","display_name":"foreign ownership","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-ownership","display_name":"institutional ownership","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/managerial-ownership","display_name":"managerial ownership","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nairobi-securities-exchange","display_name":"Nairobi Securities Exchange","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kenyan-listed-firms","display_name":"Kenyan listed firms","score":0.652999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.6621912717819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200707436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053211","display_name":"Principal\u2013agent problem","level":3,"score":0.6448135375976562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6424028873443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778971194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1664551","display_name":"Insider","level":2,"score":0.6381323933601379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.6134138703346252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776746854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11430545","display_name":"Foreign ownership","level":3,"score":0.6094006896018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155530773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591174","display_name":"Return on equity","level":3,"score":0.5914660692214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185669311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163221","display_name":"Return on assets","level":3,"score":0.5783065557479858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120757647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381136","display_name":"Shareholder","level":3,"score":0.48978424072265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200870193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11691","display_name":"Stock exchange","level":2,"score":0.4768998622894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23032112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1344727","display_name":"Enterprise value","level":2,"score":0.44982782006263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.43452316522598267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.3731699585914612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2673390507698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.22842365503311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33842695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490513","display_name":"Foreign direct investment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":11,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:oai.econjournals.com:article/14","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/view/14","pdf_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/download/14/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737777163","display_name":"International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues","issn_l":"2146-4138","issn":["2146-4138"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318345","host_organization_name":"EconJournals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318345"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EconJournals"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2146-4138","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eco:journ1:2011-03-3","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/download/14/pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/download/14/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.998.6089","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.998.6089","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/download/14/pdf/","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.gov.tr:article/351794","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dergipark.gov.tr/ijefi/issue/31950/351794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401840","display_name":"DergiPark (Istanbul University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","host_organization_name":"Istanbul University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\\n Cilt: 1 Say\u0131: 3; Volume: 1, Issue: 3\\n 99-122\\n \\n","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.org.tr:article/351794","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ijefi/article/351794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401840","display_name":"DergiPark (Istanbul University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","host_organization_name":"Istanbul University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4510ef74506e485498407adba4dd5add","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4510ef74506e485498407adba4dd5add","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol 1, Iss 3 (2011)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:58880d67b111499ea2971da8d61e4c33","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/58880d67b111499ea2971da8d61e4c33","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol 1, Iss 3 (2011)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5a2bc4d2aa334e93a40f5929afc05171","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5a2bc4d2aa334e93a40f5929afc05171","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol 1, Iss 3, Pp 99-122 (2011)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a1994090538948ccaa2e947dbb8f26c9","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a1994090538948ccaa2e947dbb8f26c9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol 1, Iss 3 (2011)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e5a614703c4241ef885108651f4f5f54","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e5a614703c4241ef885108651f4f5f54","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol 1, Iss 3, Pp 99-122 (2011)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:11295/23880","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search/search.asp?ft=university+of+Nairobi&amp;pg=2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402107","display_name":"University of Nairobi Research Archive (University of Nairobi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12859529","host_organization_name":"University of Nairobi","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12859529"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:oai.econjournals.com:article/14","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/view/14","pdf_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/download/14/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737777163","display_name":"International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues","issn_l":"2146-4138","issn":["2146-4138"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318345","host_organization_name":"EconJournals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318345"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EconJournals"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2146-4138","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1954464827.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1954464827.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8226792","https://openalex.org/W73800455","https://openalex.org/W560207558","https://openalex.org/W583887973","https://openalex.org/W1486754436","https://openalex.org/W1494703832","https://openalex.org/W1566344170","https://openalex.org/W1605070712","https://openalex.org/W1606272114","https://openalex.org/W1907200643","https://openalex.org/W1964101150","https://openalex.org/W1967442942","https://openalex.org/W1969889498","https://openalex.org/W1972306955","https://openalex.org/W1977528366","https://openalex.org/W1979984511","https://openalex.org/W1989030876","https://openalex.org/W1991795148","https://openalex.org/W2001218442","https://openalex.org/W2006510432","https://openalex.org/W2011487370","https://openalex.org/W2017637335","https://openalex.org/W2017804294","https://openalex.org/W2018875575","https://openalex.org/W2027211715","https://openalex.org/W2040905270","https://openalex.org/W2042114951","https://openalex.org/W2043189549","https://openalex.org/W2043249938","https://openalex.org/W2055295580","https://openalex.org/W2064896030","https://openalex.org/W2067608168","https://openalex.org/W2068155429","https://openalex.org/W2076955939","https://openalex.org/W2086071557","https://openalex.org/W2095299437","https://openalex.org/W2103172287","https://openalex.org/W2121925065","https://openalex.org/W2122479412","https://openalex.org/W2122679534","https://openalex.org/W2131538393","https://openalex.org/W2139670169","https://openalex.org/W2140956556","https://openalex.org/W2160184254","https://openalex.org/W2162448899","https://openalex.org/W2169979030","https://openalex.org/W2267944470","https://openalex.org/W2283303653","https://openalex.org/W2325110464","https://openalex.org/W2326787527","https://openalex.org/W2741218726","https://openalex.org/W2747531703","https://openalex.org/W2752617332","https://openalex.org/W2781709866","https://openalex.org/W3122602955","https://openalex.org/W3122715301","https://openalex.org/W3122859634","https://openalex.org/W3123504461","https://openalex.org/W3124491808","https://openalex.org/W3125898175","https://openalex.org/W3125954120"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099181413","https://openalex.org/W2182949265","https://openalex.org/W2149760970","https://openalex.org/W2387238577","https://openalex.org/W1939254743","https://openalex.org/W3092087025","https://openalex.org/W2357010219","https://openalex.org/W7046303173","https://openalex.org/W4379535334","https://openalex.org/W1562132897"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT:":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2,95],"examines":[3],"the":[4,23,59,94,114,173,188],"interrelations":[5],"among":[6],"ownership,":[7],"board":[8,49,146],"and":[9,12,38,51,66,83,91,106,110,119,121,160,180],"manager":[10,65,178],"characteristics":[11],"firm":[13,111,122],"performance":[14,71,123],"in":[15,42],"a":[16],"sample":[17],"of":[18,44,98,129,135,143,175,190],"54":[19],"firms":[20],"listed":[21],"at":[22,58],"Nairobi":[24],"Stock":[25],"Exchange":[26],"(NSE).":[27],"These":[28],"governance":[29],"characteristics,":[30],"designed":[31],"to":[32,133,141,145,172],"minimize":[33],"agency":[34],"problems":[35],"between":[36,102,116,157],"principals":[37],"agents":[39],"are":[40,61,165],"operationalized":[41],"terms":[43],"ownership":[45,47,56,68,108,117,182,191],"concentration,":[46],"identity,":[48],"effectiveness":[50],"managerial":[52,158],"discretion.":[53],"The":[54,127,150],"typical":[55],"identities":[57],"NSE":[60],"government,":[62,120,176],"foreign,":[63,103,177],"institutional,":[64],"diverse":[67,107],"forms.":[69],"Firm":[70],"is":[72],"measured":[73],"using":[74],"Return":[75,79],"on":[76,80],"Assets":[77],"(ROA),":[78],"Equity":[81],"(ROE)":[82],"Dividend":[84],"Yield":[85],"(DY).":[86],"Using":[87],"PPMC,":[88],"Logistic":[89],"Regression":[90],"Stepwise":[92],"Regression,":[93],"presents":[96],"evidence":[97],"significant":[99,154],"positive":[100,155],"relationship":[101,115,156],"insider,":[104],"institutional":[105,181],"forms,":[109,183],"performance.":[112,161],"However,":[113],"concentration":[118],"was":[124,131],"significantly":[125,185],"negative.":[126],"role":[128],"boards":[130],"found":[132],"be":[134],"very":[136],"little":[137],"value,":[138],"mainly":[139],"due":[140],"lack":[142],"adherence":[144],"member":[147],"selection":[148],"criteria.":[149],"results":[151,164],"also":[152],"show":[153],"discretion":[159],"Collectively,":[162],"these":[163],"consistent":[166],"with":[167,170],"pertinent":[168],"literature":[169],"regard":[171],"implications":[174],"(insider)":[179],"but":[184],"differ":[186],"concerning":[187],"effects":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
