{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1948720848","doi":null,"title":"Interferon-beta treatment in multiple sclerosis : Analysis of neutralizing antibodies","display_name":"Interferon-beta treatment in multiple sclerosis : Analysis of neutralizing antibodies","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1948720848","mag":"1948720848"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/26894926","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Interferon-beta_treatment_in_multiple_sclerosis_analysis_of_neutralizing_antibodies/26894926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10616/40005","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057689639","display_name":"Ajith Sominanda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-4522","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-4522"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ajith Sominanda","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-4522","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057689639"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12255","display_name":"Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11668","display_name":"interferon and immune responses","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"multiple sclerosis","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferon-beta","display_name":"interferon-beta","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutralizing-antibodies","display_name":"neutralizing antibodies","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunogenicity","display_name":"immunogenicity","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-comparison","display_name":"dose comparison","score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-modifying-therapy","display_name":"disease-modifying therapy","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-response-monitoring","display_name":"treatment response monitoring","score":0.3540000021457672}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.738491415977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994247566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2450337","display_name":"Interferon beta","level":3,"score":0.6503145694732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830842","display_name":"BETA (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5743369460105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.5538470149040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.503849446773529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4726918041706085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851162","display_name":"Interferon beta-1b","level":4,"score":0.4355737268924713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3620195984840393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14774513244628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/26894926","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Interferon-beta_treatment_in_multiple_sclerosis_analysis_of_neutralizing_antibodies/26894926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openarchive.ki.se:10616/40005","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10616/40005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400147","display_name":"Open Archive (Karolinska Institutet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","host_organization_name":"Karolinska Institutet","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},{"id":"mag:1948720848","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://openarchive.ki.se/xmlui/bitstream/10616/40005/1/thesis.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:openarchive.ki.se:10616/40005","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10616/40005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400147","display_name":"Open Archive (Karolinska Institutet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","host_organization_name":"Karolinska Institutet","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9907000064849854,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":144,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2589589","https://openalex.org/W49897799","https://openalex.org/W1547957565","https://openalex.org/W1962591662","https://openalex.org/W1966221405","https://openalex.org/W1966734628","https://openalex.org/W1967276269","https://openalex.org/W1970547229","https://openalex.org/W1973432972","https://openalex.org/W1975995030","https://openalex.org/W1977759475","https://openalex.org/W1979087618","https://openalex.org/W1979137792","https://openalex.org/W1979325667","https://openalex.org/W1981948896","https://openalex.org/W1982833235","https://openalex.org/W1983855969","https://openalex.org/W1983999022","https://openalex.org/W1990040006","https://openalex.org/W1990586830","https://openalex.org/W1991551135","https://openalex.org/W1991810200","https://openalex.org/W1991884672","https://openalex.org/W1992753557","https://openalex.org/W1992829415","https://openalex.org/W1994009925","https://openalex.org/W1998436005","https://openalex.org/W2000379621","https://openalex.org/W2002265763","https://openalex.org/W2003793374","https://openalex.org/W2004285494","https://openalex.org/W2004568784","https://openalex.org/W2004723648","https://openalex.org/W2005314722","https://openalex.org/W2005789443","https://openalex.org/W2006218745","https://openalex.org/W2006952734","https://openalex.org/W2007249961","https://openalex.org/W2009569116","https://openalex.org/W2010086107","https://openalex.org/W2011951936","https://openalex.org/W2012295450","https://openalex.org/W2013750272","https://openalex.org/W2014108934","https://openalex.org/W2015730831","https://openalex.org/W2016173904","https://openalex.org/W2017271286","https://openalex.org/W2020737415","https://openalex.org/W2023850749","https://openalex.org/W2026778635","https://openalex.org/W2027962748","https://openalex.org/W2028107127","https://openalex.org/W2030218753","https://openalex.org/W2031424185","https://openalex.org/W2035798217","https://openalex.org/W2038611859","https://openalex.org/W2039484868","https://openalex.org/W2044173905","https://openalex.org/W2045281561","https://openalex.org/W2047200592","https://openalex.org/W2052128395","https://openalex.org/W2052695693","https://openalex.org/W2053457637","https://openalex.org/W2055026989","https://openalex.org/W2057599434","https://openalex.org/W2059218087","https://openalex.org/W2060321497","https://openalex.org/W2060526888","https://openalex.org/W2060926084","https://openalex.org/W2061005334","https://openalex.org/W2062064156","https://openalex.org/W2064687595","https://openalex.org/W2064698011","https://openalex.org/W2070587287","https://openalex.org/W2078699094","https://openalex.org/W2078844752","https://openalex.org/W2080748802","https://openalex.org/W2082760304","https://openalex.org/W2083770877","https://openalex.org/W2083843427","https://openalex.org/W2085237060","https://openalex.org/W2085630737","https://openalex.org/W2087118894","https://openalex.org/W2088054167","https://openalex.org/W2089304624","https://openalex.org/W2091547991","https://openalex.org/W2091584540","https://openalex.org/W2091934161","https://openalex.org/W2095007655","https://openalex.org/W2095838026","https://openalex.org/W2096569053","https://openalex.org/W2096686354","https://openalex.org/W2102837058","https://openalex.org/W2103565638","https://openalex.org/W2104692290","https://openalex.org/W2105490558","https://openalex.org/W2108059723","https://openalex.org/W2108200255","https://openalex.org/W2110080262","https://openalex.org/W2110270840","https://openalex.org/W2110466329","https://openalex.org/W2110812724","https://openalex.org/W2110824503","https://openalex.org/W2111139513","https://openalex.org/W2113291839","https://openalex.org/W2120389810","https://openalex.org/W2126094059","https://openalex.org/W2128054156","https://openalex.org/W2128247131","https://openalex.org/W2129012981","https://openalex.org/W2130355701","https://openalex.org/W2131557352","https://openalex.org/W2133613306","https://openalex.org/W2136325849","https://openalex.org/W2137782187","https://openalex.org/W2139367012","https://openalex.org/W2142177598","https://openalex.org/W2147062889","https://openalex.org/W2148563799","https://openalex.org/W2149017348","https://openalex.org/W2151651656","https://openalex.org/W2154978234","https://openalex.org/W2157135427","https://openalex.org/W2158494876","https://openalex.org/W2160413407","https://openalex.org/W2161552221","https://openalex.org/W2164542304","https://openalex.org/W2165547142","https://openalex.org/W2168301183","https://openalex.org/W2169098250","https://openalex.org/W2169726349","https://openalex.org/W2188406333","https://openalex.org/W2318707379","https://openalex.org/W2328339300","https://openalex.org/W2345650156","https://openalex.org/W2352236166","https://openalex.org/W2403658065","https://openalex.org/W2409865223","https://openalex.org/W2431442613","https://openalex.org/W2435777407","https://openalex.org/W2485483395","https://openalex.org/W2509277703","https://openalex.org/W2983782887","https://openalex.org/W3028230241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968010370","https://openalex.org/W2182330378","https://openalex.org/W2073435450","https://openalex.org/W2127956644","https://openalex.org/W2140480207","https://openalex.org/W4313356453","https://openalex.org/W1887786573","https://openalex.org/W2164542304","https://openalex.org/W1558720909","https://openalex.org/W2485483395"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiple":[0],"sclerosis":[1,555,584],"(MS)":[2],"is":[3,17,27,43,65,488,589,612],"a":[4,10,247,332,341,423,471,483,508],"disabling":[5],"chronic":[6],"neurological":[7],"disease":[8,32,376],"with":[9,52,127,265,470,527,586],"significant":[11,248],"impact":[12],"on":[13],"patients":[14,140,200,292,428,525,556,585],"lives.":[15],"There":[16],"no":[18],"cure":[19],"for":[20,111,204,242,446,455,550],"MS,":[21],"but":[22,408],"recombinant":[23],"interferon":[24,609,644],"beta":[25,548,645],"(IFN-beta)":[26],"currently":[28],"the":[29,37,44,53,57,61,69,79,112,153,158,162,172,184,218,226,243,278,288,296,301,393,397,448,456,495,521,551],"most":[30],"established":[31],"modifying":[33],"therapy.":[34],"One":[35],"of":[36,41,46,56,72,85,195,268,272,282,291,300,344,375,386,399,413,426,452,458,474,476,486,491,497,518,523,530,553,580,624,638,650],"major":[38],"clinical":[39,54,70,98,128,484,639],"problems":[40],"IFN-beta":[42,137,179,213,229,239,269,337,387,394,436],"development":[45],"neutralizing":[47,559,646],"antibodies":[48,123,588,607],"(NAbs)":[49],"that":[50,116,141,287,431,443,464,482],"interfere":[51,126],"efficacy":[55],"drug.":[58],"Still,":[59],"in":[60,97,107,147,157,166,177,185,198,249,449,520,558,582],"medical":[62],"community,":[63],"there":[64],"some":[66,101],"skepticism":[67],"regarding":[68,396,410],"use":[71],"NAb":[73,155,196,244,273,360,368,400,460,465,492,499,502],"testing":[74,503],"and":[75,120,150,176,221,285,310,504,562,614],"its":[76,505],"interpretation":[77,457,506],"at":[78,161],"individual":[80,459],"level.":[81,258],"The":[82],"overall":[83,193],"aim":[84],"this":[86,257,328],"thesis":[87],"was":[88,181,214,253,275],"to":[89,152,208,216,225,256,325,364,405,419,642],"provide":[90],"evidence-based":[91],"knowledge":[92,517],"which":[93,124,402,416],"will":[94],"be":[95,217],"useful":[96,516],"management.":[99],"To":[100],"extent,":[102],"such":[103],"information":[104],"could":[105,125],"help":[106],"understanding":[108],"similar":[109],"scenarios":[110],"many":[113],"emerging":[114],"biopharmaceuticals":[115],"are":[117,444,467],"potentially":[118],"immunogenic":[119,222],"might":[121],"induce":[122],"efficacy.":[129],"Biological":[130],"study":[131],"materials":[132],"were":[133,142,169,202,263,293,349],"blood":[134],"samples":[135],"from":[136,144,206],"treated":[138,526],"MS":[139,199,427,524],"referred":[143],"neurology":[145],"units":[146],"Sweden,":[148],"Norway":[149],"Finland":[151],"specialized":[154],"laboratory":[156],"Neurology":[159],"Division":[160],"Karolinska":[163],"University":[164],"Hospital":[165],"Huddinge.":[167],"NAbs":[168,205],"measured":[170,182],"using":[171],"MxA":[173,187],"induction":[174],"assay":[175],"vivo":[178,186,250,450,578],"bioactivity":[180,240,451,579],"by":[183,352],"mRNA":[188],"assay.":[189],"We":[190,362,389,462],"observed":[191],"an":[192,237,366,373],"32%":[194],"positivity":[197,369],"who":[201],"tested":[203],"2003":[207],"2006.":[209],"Weekly":[210],"low-protein-dose":[211],"intramuscular":[212],"found":[215],"least":[219],"seroprevalent":[220],"product":[223],"compared":[224],"weekly-high-protein-dose":[227],"subcutaneous":[228],"preparations.":[230,437],"A":[231,545,575,604],"titer":[232,281,302,411,441],"around":[233],"150":[234,283],"TRU/ml":[235,262,284,321],"marked":[236],"important":[238],"level":[241],"titers":[245,274,313,318,466],"as":[246,406,420],"drug":[251],"response":[252],"retained":[254],"up":[255],"Titers":[259],"above":[260],"600":[261],"associated":[264],"complete":[266],"loss":[267],"bioactivity.":[270,346],"Fluctuation":[271],"assessed":[276],"across":[277,327],"functionally":[279],"critical":[280,445],"showed":[286,463,481],"majority":[289],"(72%)":[290],"stable,":[294],"especially":[295],"two":[297],"extreme":[298],"ends":[299],"spectrum":[303],"i.e.":[304,330],"negative":[305],"(less":[306],"than":[307],"10":[308],"TRU/ml)":[309],"very":[311],"high":[312],"(>600":[314],"TRU/ml).":[315],"As":[316],"expected,":[317],"close":[319],"to150":[320],"appeared":[322],"more":[323],"prone":[324],"fluctuation":[326,475,611],"level,":[329],"offering":[331],"greater":[333,342,472],"chance":[334],"ofregaining":[335],"good":[336],"bioactivity,":[338],"or,":[339],"reversely,":[340],"risk":[343],"losing":[345],"These":[347],"observations":[348],"not":[350],"influenced":[351],"treatment":[353,552],"duration":[354],"or":[355],"sampling":[356],"interval":[357],"between":[358,392,435],"consecutive":[359],"tests.":[361,461],"failed":[363],"observe":[365],"increased":[367],"when":[370],"referrals":[371],"indicated":[372],"impression":[374,485],"worsening.":[377],"Conclusion:":[378],"Here,":[379],"we":[380,403,417,429,439,480],"studied":[381],"several":[382],"clinically":[383,515],"relevant":[384],"aspects":[385],"NAbs.":[388],"identified":[390,440],"differences":[391],"preparations":[395,549],"frequency":[398],"induction,":[401],"refer":[404,418],"seroprevalence,":[407],"also":[409],"levels":[412,442],"induced":[414],"NAbs,":[415],"immunogenicity.":[421,563],"In":[422,577],"population-based":[424],"sample":[425],"demonstrated":[430],"these":[432],"parameters":[433],"vary":[434],"Further,":[438],"retaining":[447],"IFN-beta,":[453],"vital":[454],"commonly":[468],"stable":[469],"tendency":[473],"mid-range":[477],"titers.":[478],"Finally,":[479],"worsening":[487,640],"poorly":[489],"predictive":[490],"status,":[493],"implicating":[494],"necessity":[496],"regular":[498],"testing.":[500],"Although":[501],"remains":[507],"complex":[509],"area,":[510],"our":[511],"results":[512],"have":[513],"provided":[514],"relevance":[519],"management":[522],"IFN-beta.":[528],"List":[529],"scientific":[531],"papers":[532],"I.":[533],"Sominanda":[534,570,599,630],"A,":[535,571,600,631,633],"Rot":[536,628],"U,":[537,629],"Suoniemi":[538],"M,":[539],"Deisenhammer":[540],"F,":[541],"Hillert":[542,572,601,634],"J,":[543,573,602],"Fogdell-Hahn":[544,574,603,632],"(2007).":[546],"Interferon":[547],"multiple":[554,583],"differ":[557],"antibody":[560,647],"seroprevalence":[561],"Mult":[564],"Scler.":[565],"13(2):":[566],"208-14.":[567],"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17439886":[568],"II.":[569],"(2008).":[576,605,636],"interferon-beta":[581],"neutralising":[587],"titre-dependent.":[590],"J":[591,618,635],"Neurol":[592],"Neurosurg":[593],"Psychiatry.":[594],"79(1):":[595],"57-62.":[596],"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17911184":[597],"III.":[598],"Neutralizing":[606],"against":[608],"beta:":[610],"modest":[613],"titre":[615],"dependent.":[616],"Eur":[617],"Neurol.":[619],"Aug":[620],"23:":[621],"Epub":[622],"ahead":[623],"print.":[625],"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18727672":[626],"IV.":[627],"Impression":[637],"fails":[641],"predict":[643],"status.":[648],"Journal":[649],"International":[651],"Medical":[652],"Research.":[653],"[Accepted]":[654],"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19094453":[655]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}