{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1945832201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.4.11.2165947","title":"Turning off the signal: desensitization of \u03b2\u2010adrenergic receptor function","display_name":"Turning off the signal: desensitization of \u03b2\u2010adrenergic receptor function","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1945832201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.4.11.2165947","mag":"1945832201","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2165947"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1096/fasebj.4.11.2165947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.4.11.2165947","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.4.11.2165947","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25293849","display_name":"The FASEB Journal","issn_l":"0892-6638","issn":["0892-6638","1530-6860"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The FASEB Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000322941","display_name":"William P. Hausdorff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6650-3960","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6650-3960"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1344073410","display_name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/006w34k90","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1344073410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126298","display_name":"Duke Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03njmea73","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298","https://openalex.org/I4210144876"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William P. Hausdorff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Departments of Biochemistry, Cell Biology, and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Departments of Biochemistry, Cell Biology, and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1344073410","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126298"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007698609","display_name":"Marc G. Caron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0172-2710","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0172-2710"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1344073410","display_name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/006w34k90","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1344073410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126298","display_name":"Duke Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03njmea73","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298","https://openalex.org/I4210144876"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc G. Caron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Departments of Biochemistry, Cell Biology, and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Departments of Biochemistry, Cell Biology, and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1344073410","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126298"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080672788","display_name":"Robert J. Lefkowitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-7545","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-7545"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1344073410","display_name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/006w34k90","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1344073410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126298","display_name":"Duke Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03njmea73","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298","https://openalex.org/I4210144876"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert J. Lefkowitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Departments of Biochemistry, Cell Biology, and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Departments of Biochemistry, Cell Biology, and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1344073410","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126298"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000322941"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1344073410","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126298"],"apc_list":{"value":3740,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3740},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":26.9108,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1242,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99926074,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"11","first_page":"2881","last_page":"2889"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11178","display_name":"Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11178","display_name":"Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10169","display_name":"Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10077","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-adrenergic-receptor-desensitization","display_name":"beta-adrenergic receptor desensitization","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receptor-uncoupling","display_name":"receptor uncoupling","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gs-protein","display_name":"Gs protein","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receptor-phosphorylation","display_name":"receptor phosphorylation","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-kinase-a","display_name":"protein kinase A","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-adrenergic-receptor-kinase","display_name":"beta-adrenergic receptor kinase","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camp-signaling","display_name":"cAMP signaling","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receptor-internalization","display_name":"receptor internalization","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-transduction","display_name":"signal transduction","score":0.5730000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779779143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493547","display_name":"Desensitization (medicine)","level":3,"score":0.9052528142929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.7870478630065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139770010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339807","display_name":"Internalization","level":3,"score":0.6050841808319092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135285700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38173","display_name":"G protein-coupled receptor","level":3,"score":0.5909929275512695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.560355544090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.5351764559745789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.5145970582962036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184235292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421851","display_name":"Kinase","level":2,"score":0.5134533047676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11960822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242736","display_name":"Phosphorylation","level":2,"score":0.5123892426490784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4438953995704651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40465926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410568","display_name":"Adrenergic receptor","level":3,"score":0.41164547204971313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.36761474609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.35544753074645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.18672478199005127}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000242","descriptor_name":"Cyclic AMP","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011487","descriptor_name":"Protein Conformation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011494","descriptor_name":"Protein Kinases","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011943","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Adrenergic, beta","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011943","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Adrenergic, beta","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1096/fasebj.4.11.2165947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.4.11.2165947","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.4.11.2165947","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25293849","display_name":"The FASEB Journal","issn_l":"0892-6638","issn":["0892-6638","1530-6860"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The FASEB Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2165947","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2165947","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1280406276","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL 16037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1970185518","display_name":"ANALYSIS OF BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR DESENSITIZATION","funder_award_id":"F32GM013182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998853988","https://openalex.org/W2015075408","https://openalex.org/W1603981767","https://openalex.org/W1544954412","https://openalex.org/W1500934529","https://openalex.org/W1986087667","https://openalex.org/W1775131150","https://openalex.org/W2029313038","https://openalex.org/W3099814565","https://openalex.org/W7135666380"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cellular":[0],"responses":[1],"to":[2,14,50,112,127,143],"many":[3],"hormones":[4],"and":[5,91,122],"neurotransmitters":[6],"wane":[7],"rapidly":[8],"despite":[9],"continuous":[10],"exposure":[11],"of":[12,29,53,63,82,114,133,148],"cells":[13],"these":[15],"stimuli.":[16],"This":[17,77],"phenomenon,":[18],"termed":[19],"desensitization,":[20],"has":[21],"been":[22,140],"particularly":[23],"well":[24],"studied":[25],"for":[26],"the":[27,54,61,69,72,92,108,115,131,145],"stimulation":[28],"cAMP":[30],"levels":[31],"by":[32,85,107],"plasma":[33],"membrane":[34],"beta-adrenergic":[35],"receptors":[36,70],"(beta":[37,96],"AR).":[38],"The":[39],"molecular":[40,146],"mechanisms":[41],"underlying":[42],"rapid":[43],"beta":[44,64,83,93,134],"AR":[45,65,84,94],"desensitization":[46,113],"do":[47],"not":[48],"appear":[49,126],"require":[51],"internalization":[52],"receptors,":[55],"but":[56],"rather":[57],"an":[58],"alteration":[59],"in":[60,130],"functioning":[62],"themselves":[66],"that":[67],"uncouples":[68],"from":[71],"stimulatory":[73],"G":[74],"protein":[75],"Gs.":[76],"uncoupling":[78],"phenomenon":[79],"involves":[80],"phosphorylation":[81,106],"at":[86],"least":[87],"two":[88,109],"kinases,":[89],"PKA":[90],"kinase":[95],"ARK),":[97],"which":[98],"are":[99],"activated":[100],"under":[101],"different":[102],"desensitizing":[103],"conditions.":[104],"Receptor":[105],"kinases":[110],"leads":[111],"receptor":[116],"response":[117],"via":[118],"distinct":[119],"biochemical":[120],"mechanisms,":[121],"additional":[123],"cytosolic":[124],"factors":[125],"be":[128],"involved":[129],"case":[132],"ARK.":[135],"Numerous":[136],"experimental":[137],"approaches":[138],"have":[139],"used":[141],"recently":[142],"elucidate":[144],"details":[147],"this":[149],"ubiquitous":[150],"biological":[151],"process.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}