{"id":"https://openalex.org/W193875293","doi":null,"title":"The interaction with incomplete knowledge bases: a formal treatment","display_name":"The interaction with incomplete knowledge bases: a formal treatment","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W193875293","mag":"193875293"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.675.5741","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.675.5741","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ijcai.org/Past+Proceedings/IJCAI-81-VOL+1/PDF/049.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025681351","display_name":"Hector J. Levesque","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hector J. Levesque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025681351"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.121,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85656016,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"240","last_page":"245"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13734","display_name":"Advanced Computational Techniques and Applications","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incomplete-knowledge-bases","display_name":"incomplete knowledge bases","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-systems","display_name":"expert systems","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-representation","display_name":"formal representation","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-language","display_name":"logical language","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"semantics","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-theory","display_name":"proof theory","score":0.9900000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.7578656077384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7403542399406433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.6010686159133911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146072743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192161","display_name":"Formal language","level":2,"score":0.5537232756614685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5494992136955261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115925183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412694","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","level":2,"score":0.5377642512321472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5050631165504456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4867086708545685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500879282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5593671","display_name":"Grammar systems theory","level":4,"score":0.4793137311935425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.4662897288799286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.450344055891037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146499914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469969","display_name":"Formal semantics (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4458421766757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4328959882259369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185954173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4347052","display_name":"Object language","level":3,"score":0.42772141098976135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4126829504966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.33754125237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.3293413817882538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14012375473976135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69298649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6045214","display_name":"Emergent grammar","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.675.5741","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.675.5741","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ijcai.org/Past+Proceedings/IJCAI-81-VOL+1/PDF/049.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:193875293","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ijcai.org/Proceedings/81-1/Papers/049.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419999","display_name":"International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488108240","https://openalex.org/W1545815294","https://openalex.org/W1567648988","https://openalex.org/W2001082547","https://openalex.org/W2032206951","https://openalex.org/W2105486835","https://openalex.org/W2155322595","https://openalex.org/W2945259913","https://openalex.org/W4212886450"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481488617","https://openalex.org/W1531047368","https://openalex.org/W7099963108","https://openalex.org/W1479728228","https://openalex.org/W4235761836","https://openalex.org/W1971562800","https://openalex.org/W2966292679","https://openalex.org/W71202266","https://openalex.org/W7095731533","https://openalex.org/W2147408199"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Some":[0],"formal":[1,89],"representa":[2],"t":[3,12,17,27,35,39,57,100,102,111,117,129,134,145,150,153],"ion":[4,83],"Issues":[5],"under":[6],"ly":[7],"ing":[8],"the":[9,49,64,69,155],"I":[10,26,34,128],"n":[11,20,60,144],"e":[13,146],"r":[14,46,147],"a":[15,40,50,56,95,106,148],"c":[16,55,94,149],"i":[18,54,58,74,78,93,99,104,108,110,116,126,136,143,152],"o":[19,59,91],"between":[21],"an":[22,84],"expert":[23],"system":[24],"and":[25,62,80,115,120],"s":[28,65,105,118,137],"knowledge":[29,70,86,156],"base":[30,71],"are":[31,123],"d":[32],"iscussed.":[33],"Is":[36,72],"argued":[37],"tha":[38],"language":[41,97,138],"that":[42],"can":[43],"re":[44],"fe":[45],"both":[47],"to":[48,63,76,81,142],"p":[51,52],"l":[53,90,96,109],"domain":[61],"ta":[66],"te":[67],"of":[68],"requ":[73],"red":[75],"spec":[77],"fy":[79],"quest":[82],"incomplete":[85],"base.":[87,157],"A":[88],"g":[92],"w":[98,151],"h":[101,103,135,154],"b":[107],"y":[112],"is":[113,130],"presented":[114],"semantics":[119],"proof":[121],"theory":[122],"de":[124],"f":[125],"ned.":[127],"then":[131],"shown":[132],"how":[133],"must":[139],"be":[140],"used":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}