{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1933230282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/for-2018-0003","title":"Partisanship as Social Identity; Implications for the Study of Party Polarization","display_name":"Partisanship as Social Identity; Implications for the Study of Party Polarization","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1933230282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/for-2018-0003","mag":"1933230282"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/for-2018-0003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/for-2018-0003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/for-2018-0003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52396224","display_name":"The Forum","issn_l":"1540-8884","issn":["1540-8884","2194-6183"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007885685","display_name":"Shanto Iyengar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2406-719X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2406-719X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shanto Iyengar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Political Science , Stanford University , 616 Serra St , Stanford, CA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science , Stanford University , 616 Serra St , Stanford, CA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102841535","display_name":"Masha Krupenkin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-4217","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-4217","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5982-095X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Masha Krupenkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Political Science , Stanford University , 616 Serra St , Stanford, CA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science , Stanford University , 616 Serra St , Stanford, CA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007885685","https://openalex.org/A5102841535"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2712},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.4963,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98753265,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":"23","last_page":"45"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.951200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.951200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.038100000470876694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14181","display_name":"Academic Freedom and Politics","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partisanship","display_name":"partisanship","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-identity","display_name":"social identity","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partisan-polarization","display_name":"partisan polarization","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implicit-attitudes","display_name":"implicit attitudes","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explicit-attitudes","display_name":"explicit attitudes","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-national-election-studies","display_name":"American National Election Studies","score":0.6370000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.9332733154296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6945220232009888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5853363275527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98447023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540351","display_name":"Social identity theory","level":3,"score":0.5697180032730103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.53736811876297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.45706406235694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992420453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076105","display_name":"National election","level":3,"score":0.4371328055858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37034326791763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.17042291164398193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180872759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874405","display_name":"Social group","level":2,"score":0.1485709547996521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.09907621145248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/for-2018-0003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/for-2018-0003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/for-2018-0003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52396224","display_name":"The Forum","issn_l":"1540-8884","issn":["1540-8884","2194-6183"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14997025","https://openalex.org/W90970949","https://openalex.org/W121992860","https://openalex.org/W178177854","https://openalex.org/W1497013238","https://openalex.org/W1506380772","https://openalex.org/W1559198035","https://openalex.org/W1559877068","https://openalex.org/W1595106591","https://openalex.org/W1596896887","https://openalex.org/W1750882734","https://openalex.org/W1898398163","https://openalex.org/W1965514675","https://openalex.org/W1967639824","https://openalex.org/W1973425849","https://openalex.org/W1978374884","https://openalex.org/W1988686891","https://openalex.org/W1998472457","https://openalex.org/W2001420697","https://openalex.org/W2002000693","https://openalex.org/W2004626679","https://openalex.org/W2009887813","https://openalex.org/W2011754800","https://openalex.org/W2028211630","https://openalex.org/W2032892971","https://openalex.org/W2034520239","https://openalex.org/W2060491497","https://openalex.org/W2063783879","https://openalex.org/W2067759100","https://openalex.org/W2076879021","https://openalex.org/W2091100244","https://openalex.org/W2091829281","https://openalex.org/W2099138115","https://openalex.org/W2100737460","https://openalex.org/W2103146267","https://openalex.org/W2121993559","https://openalex.org/W2122067981","https://openalex.org/W2124751389","https://openalex.org/W2131244513","https://openalex.org/W2132490153","https://openalex.org/W2134628375","https://openalex.org/W2137998590","https://openalex.org/W2139076143","https://openalex.org/W2140534852","https://openalex.org/W2147602649","https://openalex.org/W2152284345","https://openalex.org/W2154227054","https://openalex.org/W2155884724","https://openalex.org/W2160853355","https://openalex.org/W2166155258","https://openalex.org/W2226773660","https://openalex.org/W2238416173","https://openalex.org/W2244545434","https://openalex.org/W2273147513","https://openalex.org/W2303924600","https://openalex.org/W2322493103","https://openalex.org/W2323881768","https://openalex.org/W2326755378","https://openalex.org/W2472707757","https://openalex.org/W2486271310","https://openalex.org/W2489006554","https://openalex.org/W2528090554","https://openalex.org/W2531904781","https://openalex.org/W2608762407","https://openalex.org/W2744228948","https://openalex.org/W2744847785","https://openalex.org/W2747062776","https://openalex.org/W2753242336","https://openalex.org/W2889762129","https://openalex.org/W2892753038","https://openalex.org/W2932940489","https://openalex.org/W3125042054","https://openalex.org/W3196982164","https://openalex.org/W4213316115","https://openalex.org/W4214662720","https://openalex.org/W4231165370","https://openalex.org/W4245999774","https://openalex.org/W4246410747","https://openalex.org/W4250436199","https://openalex.org/W4254174040","https://openalex.org/W6603658136"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6962692010","https://openalex.org/W3045551499","https://openalex.org/W4407182769","https://openalex.org/W7097406215","https://openalex.org/W2733714502","https://openalex.org/W7061259843","https://openalex.org/W6925177616","https://openalex.org/W3081444856","https://openalex.org/W7001016718","https://openalex.org/W2008104402"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Partisanship":[1,54],"continues":[2],"to":[3],"divide":[4],"Americans.":[5],"Using":[6],"data":[7],"from":[8],"the":[9,36],"American":[10],"National":[11],"Election":[12],"Study,":[13],"as":[14,16],"well":[15],"implicit":[17,43],"attitude":[18],"tests,":[19],"we":[20],"argue":[21],"that":[22],"Americans\u2019":[23,59],"partisan":[24],"identity":[25],"has":[26,55],"become":[27,32,56],"highly":[28],"salient.":[29],"Partisans":[30],"have":[31],"more":[33],"negative":[34],"towards":[35],"opposing":[37],"party":[38],"on":[39],"both":[40],"explicit":[41],"and":[42,45],"measures,":[44],"these":[46],"biases":[47],"spill":[48],"over":[49],"into":[50],"their":[51],"everyday":[52],"decisions.":[53],"one":[57],"of":[58],"most":[60],"salient":[61],"social":[62],"identities.":[63]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
