{"id":"https://openalex.org/W193304101","doi":null,"title":"Respiratory effects of two types of solder flux used in the electronics industry.","display_name":"Respiratory effects of two types of solder flux used in the electronics industry.","publication_year":1984,"publication_date":"1984-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W193304101","mag":"193304101","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6707774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:6707774","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6707774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036086660","display_name":"Ian A. Greaves","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I A Greaves","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077219033","display_name":"David H. Wegman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6393-5020","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6393-5020"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D H Wegman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"T J Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T J Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067206764","display_name":"Donna L. Spiegelman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-4650","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-4650"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D L Spiegelman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6408,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68710292,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"2","first_page":"81","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12208","display_name":"Occupational exposure and asthma","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12208","display_name":"Occupational exposure and asthma","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13315","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11002","display_name":"Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soldering-flux","display_name":"soldering flux","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-symptoms","display_name":"respiratory symptoms","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-function","display_name":"lung function","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forced-expiratory-volume","display_name":"forced expiratory volume","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forced-vital-capacity","display_name":"forced vital capacity","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-asthma","display_name":"occupational asthma","score":0.39899998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthy-worker-effect","display_name":"healthy worker effect","score":0.8690000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780333948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q653305","display_name":"Spirometry","level":3,"score":0.6546530723571777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6120671629905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776727875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1344868","display_name":"Spirometer","level":5,"score":0.6104319095611572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778731716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3746560","display_name":"Phlegm","level":4,"score":0.5036167502403259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55520419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660995","display_name":"Vital capacity","level":5,"score":0.47029373049736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.367369145154953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.34246137738227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.3297843337059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018587741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung function","level":3,"score":0.2944210171699524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.08100295066833496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165637977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11067835","display_name":"Diffusing capacity","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781142857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5420174","display_name":"Exhaled nitric oxide","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188947578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200253","display_name":"Traditional Chinese medicine","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000395","descriptor_name":"Air Pollutants, Occupational","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004581","descriptor_name":"Electronics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005740","descriptor_name":"Gases","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009784","descriptor_name":"Occupational Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009784","descriptor_name":"Occupational Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009943","descriptor_name":"Organophosphorus Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012116","descriptor_name":"Resins, Plant","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012120","descriptor_name":"Respiration Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012120","descriptor_name":"Respiration Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012129","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Function Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:6707774","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6707774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:193304101","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6707774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4769690452","display_name":"Harvard Chan School NIEHS Center for Environmental Health","funder_award_id":"P30ES000002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108736910","https://openalex.org/W2133367978","https://openalex.org/W2154901557","https://openalex.org/W2605776714","https://openalex.org/W2024080544","https://openalex.org/W6992027989","https://openalex.org/W2052814750","https://openalex.org/W2170724921","https://openalex.org/W2007647887","https://openalex.org/W2007629624"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fumes":[0],"from":[1,61,244,250],"solder":[2,44,68,201],"flux":[3,45],"have":[4],"been":[5],"shown":[6],"to":[7,27,63,196],"cause":[8],"asthma":[9],"among":[10,108,117,235],"solderers":[11],"in":[12,82,155,169,222,264],"a":[13,54,109,228,245],"British":[14],"electronics":[15,30],"factory.":[16],"In":[17],"the":[18,72,86,118,132,159,162,170,197,204,208,223,261,265],"present":[19],"study,":[20],"questionnaires":[21],"and":[22,78,97,120,183],"lung":[23,143,156,232,257],"spirometry":[24,144],"were":[25,46,115,126,166,194],"administered":[26],"104":[28],"U.S.":[29],"workers":[31,211],"(93":[32],"women,":[33],"11":[34,180],"men)":[35],"who":[36,237,259],"soldered":[37],"printed":[38],"circuit":[39],"boards.":[40],"Two":[41],"types":[42],"of":[43,75,85,161,200,225,267],"used:":[47],"68":[48],"subjects":[49],"had":[50,59,227],"worked":[51],"only":[52],"with":[53,101,105,253],"rosin-core":[55,121],"(colophony)":[56],"solder;":[57],"36":[58],"changed":[60],"rosin-":[62],"an":[64,220],"aqua-core":[65],"(\"phosphorous":[66],"hexate\")":[67],"15":[69],"months":[70],"before":[71,146],"study.":[73],"Symptoms":[74],"eye,":[76],"throat,":[77],"nose":[79],"irritation":[80],"occurred":[81,100],"nearly":[83],"half":[84],"total":[87],"group.":[88],"Lower":[89],"respiratory":[90],"tract":[91],"symptoms,":[92],"including":[93],"cough,":[94],"phlegm":[95],"production,":[96],"wheezing,":[98],"also":[99],"increased":[102],"frequency,":[103],"compared":[104],"reported":[106],"rates":[107,114],"general":[110],"population.":[111],"Similar":[112],"symptom":[113],"observed":[116],"aqua-":[119],"groups.":[122],"That":[123],"these":[124,192],"symptoms":[125],"work":[127,148,163],"related":[128],"was":[129],"indicated":[130,218],"by":[131],"subject's":[133],"improvement":[134],"on":[135,149,231],"weekends":[136],"or":[137],"during":[138,203],"vacation":[139],"periods.":[140],"On":[141],"average,":[142],"performed":[145],"starting":[147],"Monday":[150],"mornings":[151],"showed":[152],"no":[153],"impairment":[154],"function;":[157],"over":[158],"course":[160,266],"day":[164],"there":[165],"small":[167],"decrements":[168,193],"forced":[171,184],"expiratory":[172],"volume":[173],"at":[174],"1":[175],"s":[176],"(mean,":[177],"-21":[178],"+/-":[179,188],"[SD]":[181],"ml)":[182],"vital":[185],"capacity":[186],"(-30":[187],"145":[189],"ml),":[190],"but":[191],"unrelated":[195],"individual":[198],"amounts":[199],"used":[202],"same":[205],"period.":[206],"Among":[207],"white":[209],"female":[210],"(N":[212],"=":[213],"83),":[214],"several":[215],"multivariate":[216],"analyses":[217],"that":[219],"increase":[221],"amount":[224],"soldering":[226],"beneficial":[229],"effect":[230],"function,":[233],"particularly":[234],"those":[236],"currently":[238],"smoked.":[239],"This":[240],"paradox":[241],"probably":[242],"resulted":[243],"\"healthy":[246],"worker":[247],"effect\"":[248],"resulting":[249],"some":[251],"individuals":[252],"lower":[254],"than":[255],"average":[256],"function":[258],"left":[260],"industry":[262],"early":[263],"their":[268],"employment.":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}