{"id":"https://openalex.org/W193282795","doi":null,"title":"The Black English Controversy: Implications from the Ann Arbor Case.","display_name":"The Black English Controversy: Implications from the Ann Arbor Case.","publication_year":1980,"publication_date":"1980-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W193282795","mag":"193282795"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:193282795","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ234106.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765019749","display_name":"The Journal of Reading","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327874768","host_organization_name":"International Literacy Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327874768"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Literacy Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Reading","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034154199","display_name":"David Yellin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Yellin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034154199"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6975,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88007737,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.8295999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.8295999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14017","display_name":"Legal Issues in Education","score":0.04910000041127205,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.02969999983906746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-english","display_name":"Black English","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-english","display_name":"African American English","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-barriers","display_name":"language barriers","score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-achievement","display_name":"reading achievement","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-equity","display_name":"educational equity","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income-housing","display_name":"low-income housing","score":0.4580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97460637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468489","display_name":"Plaintiff","level":2,"score":0.7310987114906311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.561567485332489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.5545576214790344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.46395984292030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4546525776386261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.45428016781806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.382586270570755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.36657512187957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.36205440759658813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2805309295654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:193282795","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ234106.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765019749","display_name":"The Journal of Reading","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327874768","host_organization_name":"International Literacy Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327874768"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Literacy Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Reading","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9629999995231628,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972923259","https://openalex.org/W2064237172"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3213851099","https://openalex.org/W2253262749","https://openalex.org/W3045263341","https://openalex.org/W4241221438","https://openalex.org/W4205295232","https://openalex.org/W431772201","https://openalex.org/W2024426530","https://openalex.org/W2307419429","https://openalex.org/W6940542890","https://openalex.org/W2596585863"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"bered":[0],"by":[1,95,153],"many":[2],"American":[3],"educators":[4],"as":[5,77],"a":[6,59,64,91,157,214],"significant":[7],"date":[8],"in":[9,117,132,162,174],"the":[10,23,30,49,69,78,84,87,140,143,149,192,200,208],"controversy":[11],"over":[12],"children's":[13],"reading.":[14],"During":[15],"that":[16,138,199],"summer,":[17],"Judge":[18],"Charles":[19],"W.":[20],"Joiner":[21],"of":[22,27,32,142],"U.S.":[24],"District":[25,46],"Court":[26],"Michigan":[28],"heard":[29,94],"case":[31,50],"Martin":[33],"Luther":[34],"King":[35],"Jr.":[36],"Elementary":[37],"School":[38,45,195],"Students":[39],"vs.":[40],"The":[41,115],"Ann":[42,133,193],"Arbor,":[43],"Michigan,":[44],"Board.":[47],"Ostensibly":[48],"concerned":[51],"two":[52],"questions.":[53],"(1)":[54],"Is":[55],"Black":[56,101,128,212],"English":[57,213],"(BE)":[58],"separate":[60],"language":[61,159],"or":[62],"simply":[63],"dialect?":[65],"(2)":[66],"What":[67],"is":[68],"relationship":[70],"between":[71],"BE":[72],"and":[73,86,172],"school":[74,209],"achievement?":[75],"Actually,":[76],"trial":[79],"brought":[80],"out,":[81],"lawyers":[82],"for":[83],"plaintiffs":[85],"defense":[88],"were":[89],"debating":[90],"question":[92],"often":[93],"classroom":[96],"teachers:":[97],"Why":[98],"do":[99],"poor":[100],"children":[102,116],"fail":[103],"to":[104,122,168,170,186],"achieve":[105],"at":[106],"comparable":[107],"academic":[108],"levels":[109],"with":[110],"their":[111,166],"White":[112],"middle-class":[113],"peers?":[114],"this":[118],"case,":[119],"ages":[120],"6":[121],"13,":[123],"came":[124],"from":[125],"an":[126,187],"all":[127],"lowincome":[129],"housing":[130],"project":[131],"Arbor.":[134],"Their":[135],"attorney":[136],"argued":[137,198],"under":[139],"provisions":[141],"1974":[144],"Equal":[145],"Educational":[146],"Opportunity":[147],"Act,":[148],"specific":[150],"dialect":[151],"spoken":[152],"these":[154,177],"childrn":[155],"constituted":[156],"distinct":[158],"barrier":[160],"which,":[161],"turn,":[163],"directly":[164],"caused":[165],"failure":[167],"learn":[169],"read":[171],"write":[173],"school.":[175],"Consequently,":[176],"children,":[178],"it":[179],"was":[180],"argued,":[181],"had":[182,203],"been":[183,205],"denied":[184],"access":[185],"equal":[188],"education.":[189],"Lawyers":[190],"representing":[191],"Arbor":[194],"Board,":[196],"however,":[197],"students'":[201],"rights":[202],"not":[204],"violated.":[206],"Furthermore,":[207],"system":[210],"considered":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}