{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1925498946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1993.11.10.1969","title":"Randomized phase III trial of treatment with high-dose interleukin-2 either alone or in combination with interferon alfa-2a in patients with advanced melanoma.","display_name":"Randomized phase III trial of treatment with high-dose interleukin-2 either alone or in combination with interferon alfa-2a in patients with advanced melanoma.","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1925498946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1993.11.10.1969","mag":"1925498946","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8410122"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1200/jco.1993.11.10.1969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1993.11.10.1969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1993.11.10.1969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15137598","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","issn_l":"0732-183X","issn":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085875361","display_name":"Joseph A. Sparano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9031-2010","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9031-2010"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335289525","display_name":"Montefiore Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I19772626"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039242","display_name":"Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00cea8r21","country_code":null,"type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371","https://openalex.org/I4390039242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J A Sparano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Extramural IL-2 Working Group (Albert Einstein Cancer Center/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Extramural IL-2 Working Group (Albert Einstein Cancer Center/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I4390039242"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111441938","display_name":"Richard I. Fisher","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19772626","display_name":"Yeshiva University","ror":"https://ror.org/045x93337","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R I Fisher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yeshiva University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yeshiva University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031885810","display_name":"Margaret C. Sunderland","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19772626","display_name":"Yeshiva University","ror":"https://ror.org/045x93337","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Sunderland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yeshiva University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yeshiva University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084347950","display_name":"Kim Allyson Margolin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-4356","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-4356","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5718-7422"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19772626","display_name":"Yeshiva University","ror":"https://ror.org/045x93337","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Margolin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yeshiva University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yeshiva University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111531032","display_name":"Mary Lou Ernest","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19772626","display_name":"Yeshiva University","ror":"https://ror.org/045x93337","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M L Ernest","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yeshiva University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yeshiva University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007198397","display_name":"Mario Sznol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4137-9662","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4137-9662"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19772626","display_name":"Yeshiva University","ror":"https://ror.org/045x93337","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Sznol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yeshiva University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yeshiva University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052526230","display_name":"Michael B. Atkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3901-9924","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3901-9924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19772626","display_name":"Yeshiva University","ror":"https://ror.org/045x93337","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M B Atkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yeshiva University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yeshiva University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033346506","display_name":"Janice P. Dutcher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2267-9187","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2267-9187"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19772626","display_name":"Yeshiva University","ror":"https://ror.org/045x93337","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J P Dutcher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yeshiva University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yeshiva University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048643621","display_name":"Kenneth C. Micetich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19772626","display_name":"Yeshiva University","ror":"https://ror.org/045x93337","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K C Micetich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yeshiva University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yeshiva University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063294358","display_name":"Geoffrey R. Weiss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8226-5552","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8226-5552"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19772626","display_name":"Yeshiva University","ror":"https://ror.org/045x93337","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G R Weiss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yeshiva University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yeshiva University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19772626"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6742,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":176,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91875505,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"1969","last_page":"1977"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10392","display_name":"Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10392","display_name":"Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10158","display_name":"Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","score":0.00860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11533","display_name":"Melanoma and MAPK Pathways","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-melanoma","display_name":"advanced melanoma","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-dose-interleukin-2","display_name":"high-dose interleukin-2","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferon-alfa-2a","display_name":"interferon alfa-2a","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combination-immunotherapy","display_name":"combination immunotherapy","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-response-rate","display_name":"treatment response rate","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survival","display_name":"survival","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-related-toxicity","display_name":"treatment toxicity","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-stopping-rules","display_name":"early stopping rules","score":0.703000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9179831147193909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5657727718353271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.5603407621383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.558157205581665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781228144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6046441","display_name":"Interferon alfa","level":4,"score":0.5527978539466858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909179924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6046488","display_name":"Alpha interferon","level":3,"score":0.5322019457817078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5104271769523621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61943457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6046661","display_name":"Interim analysis","level":3,"score":0.49574169516563416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.4773183763027191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777658100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180614","display_name":"Melanoma","level":2,"score":0.4510391354560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3867510259151459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776178377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188269","display_name":"Interferon","level":2,"score":0.23837199807167053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.14271962642669678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077190","descriptor_name":"Interferon alpha-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077190","descriptor_name":"Interferon alpha-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077190","descriptor_name":"Interferon alpha-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004334","descriptor_name":"Drug Administration Schedule","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004334","descriptor_name":"Drug Administration Schedule","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004334","descriptor_name":"Drug Administration Schedule","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007376","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007376","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007376","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007376","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007376","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007376","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007376","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007376","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007376","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008545","descriptor_name":"Melanoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008545","descriptor_name":"Melanoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008545","descriptor_name":"Melanoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011994","descriptor_name":"Recombinant Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011994","descriptor_name":"Recombinant Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011994","descriptor_name":"Recombinant Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016019","descriptor_name":"Survival Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016019","descriptor_name":"Survival Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016019","descriptor_name":"Survival Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016898","descriptor_name":"Interferon-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016898","descriptor_name":"Interferon-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016898","descriptor_name":"Interferon-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016898","descriptor_name":"Interferon-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016898","descriptor_name":"Interferon-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016898","descriptor_name":"Interferon-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1200/jco.1993.11.10.1969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1993.11.10.1969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1993.11.10.1969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15137598","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","issn_l":"0732-183X","issn":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8410122","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8410122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial"},{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1105070095","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N01CM-73704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1505869703","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N01-CM73703","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1928319464","display_name":"CLINICAL TRIALS OF ACTIVATED HUMAN LEUKOCYTES","funder_award_id":"n01cm073702-006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2197280113","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N01-CM 73702","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2250725396","display_name":"CLINICAL TRIALS OF ACTIVATED HUMAN LEUKOCYTES","funder_award_id":"n01cm073704-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2488962534","display_name":"CLINICAL TRIALS OF ACTIVATED HUMAN LEUKOCYTES","funder_award_id":"n01cm073703-003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W311157107","https://openalex.org/W2014374827","https://openalex.org/W2079002457","https://openalex.org/W2409000725","https://openalex.org/W2416366082","https://openalex.org/W80741246","https://openalex.org/W1995512229","https://openalex.org/W2414437456","https://openalex.org/W2443245429","https://openalex.org/W2407873579"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"To":[1],"compare":[2],"the":[3,109,176,218,224,232,245,249,258,273,280],"response":[4,116,162,246,274],"rate,":[5],"survival,":[6],"and":[7,74,196,221,261],"toxicity":[8],"of":[9,66,121,137,161,199,201,263,282],"treatment":[10,281],"with":[11,22,28,43,135,188,284],"high-dose":[12,23,277],"intravenous":[13],"(IV)":[14],"bolus":[15],"interleukin-2":[16],"(IL-2)":[17],"plus":[18,86],"interferon":[19],"alfa-2a":[20],"(IFN-alpha)":[21],"IL-2":[24,51,79,132,183,202,264,278],"alone":[25,184],"in":[26,31,119,175,205,217,223,248,265,279],"patients":[27,42,104,123,139,181,189,283],"advanced":[29,44,285],"melanoma":[30,45],"a":[32,64],"randomized":[33],"phase":[34],"III":[35],"trial":[36,228],"design.":[37],"PATIENTS":[38],"AND":[39],"METHODS:":[40],"Eighty-five":[41],"were":[46,105,153,203,212],"randomly":[47],"assigned":[48],"to":[49,129,145,168,270,276],"receive":[50],"6":[52],"X":[53,81,89],"10(6)":[54,82,90],"U/m2":[55,83,91],"per":[56,84],"dose":[57],"every":[58],"8":[59],"hours":[60],"as":[61,208],"tolerated":[62],"for":[63,111,180],"maximum":[65],"14":[67],"doses":[68,200],"on":[69,237],"days":[70],"1":[71],"through":[72,76],"5":[73],"15":[75],"19,":[77],"or":[78],"4.5":[80],"dose,":[85,260],"IFN-alpha":[87,268],"3":[88],"using":[92],"an":[93],"identical":[94],"schedule.":[95],"A":[96],"planned":[97],"interim":[98,234],"analysis":[99,235],"was":[100,163,171,209,229,252],"performed":[101],"after":[102,231],"85":[103],"entered,":[106],"which":[107,241],"forms":[108],"basis":[110],"this":[112],"report.":[113],"RESULTS:":[114],"Partial":[115],"(PR)":[117],"occurred":[118],"two":[120,216],"44":[122],"(5%;":[124],"95%":[125,141],"confidence":[126,142],"interval,":[127,143],"1%":[128],"15%)":[130],"receiving":[131,147,182,190],"alone,":[133],"compared":[134,187],"four":[136],"41":[138],"(10%;":[140],"3%":[144],"23%)":[146],"IL-2/IFN-alpha":[148,191,225,250],"(P":[149],"=":[150],".30).":[151],"There":[152,170,211],"no":[154,172],"complete":[155],"responses":[156],"(CRs).":[157],"The":[158,194,227],"median":[159,177,195],"duration":[160,179],"11.5":[164],"months":[165],"(range,":[166],"2.0":[167],"15.7+).":[169],"significant":[173],"difference":[174],"survival":[178],"(10.2":[185],"months)":[186],"(9.7":[192],"months).":[193],"mean":[197],"number":[198],"equivalent":[204],"both":[206],"groups,":[207],"toxicity.":[210],"three":[213],"treatment-related":[214],"deaths,":[215],"IL-2-alone":[219],"arm":[220,251],"one":[222],"arm.":[226],"terminated":[230],"first":[233],"based":[236],"predefined":[238],"early-stopping":[239],"rules,":[240],"included":[242],"termination":[243],"if":[244],"rate":[247,275],"less":[253],"than":[254],"25%.":[255],"CONCLUSION:":[256],"Using":[257],"preparation,":[259],"schedule":[262],"our":[266],"trial,":[267],"failed":[269],"enhance":[271],"significantly":[272],"melanoma.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}