{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1925377137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.3.1186","title":"Metabolic and performance responses to constant-load vs. variable-intensity exercise in trained cyclists","display_name":"Metabolic and performance responses to constant-load vs. variable-intensity exercise in trained cyclists","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1925377137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.3.1186","mag":"1925377137","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10484594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1152/jappl.1999.87.3.1186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.3.1186","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.3.1186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140889577","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physiology","issn_l":"0161-7567","issn":["0161-7567","1522-1601","8750-7587"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320155","host_organization_name":"American Physiological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320155"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physiological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://surfsharekit.nl/public/6c52e3be-e721-4bb4-97fd-5be4a2d6face","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111721495","display_name":"Garry S. Palmer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205051169","display_name":"Kingston University London","ror":"https://ror.org/05bbqza97","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205051169"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garry S. Palmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Science, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Science, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205051169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091184341","display_name":"Lars B. Borghouts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-0555","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-0555"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lars B. Borghouts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029631822","display_name":"Timothy David Noakes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7244-2375","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7244-2375"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157614274","display_name":"University of Cape Town","ror":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy D. Noakes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council and University of Cape Town Bioenergetics of Exercise Research Unit, University of Cape Town Medical School, Cape Town 7701, Republic of South Africa; and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council and University of Cape Town Bioenergetics of Exercise Research Unit, University of Cape Town Medical School, Cape Town 7701, Republic of South Africa; and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036846969","display_name":"John Alan Hawley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-9881","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-9881"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135439","display_name":"RMIT Europe","ror":"https://ror.org/03m3ca021","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135439","https://openalex.org/I82951845"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU","ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John A. Hawley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Exercise Metabolism Group, Department of Human Biology and Movement Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Exercise Metabolism Group, Department of Human Biology and Movement Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135439","https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0938,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":90,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90085541,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"87","issue":"3","first_page":"1186","last_page":"1196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.8227999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.8227999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11209","display_name":"Cardiovascular and exercise physiology","score":0.11050000041723251,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11399","display_name":"Muscle metabolism and nutrition","score":0.04969999939203262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-load-exercise","display_name":"constant-load exercise","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steady-state-exercise","display_name":"steady-state exercise","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trained-cyclists","display_name":"trained cyclists","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-oxidation","display_name":"glucose oxidation","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-lactate","display_name":"plasma lactate","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-trial-performance","display_name":"time trial performance","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-i-muscle-fibres","display_name":"type I muscle fibers","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-twitch-muscle","display_name":"fast-twitch muscle","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-metabolism","display_name":"exercise metabolism","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endurance-cycling","display_name":"endurance cycling","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-expenditure","display_name":"energy expenditure","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-consumption","display_name":"oxygen consumption","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rating-of-perceived-exertion","display_name":"rating of perceived exertion","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate-response","display_name":"heart rate response","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbohydrate-oxidation","display_name":"carbohydrate oxidation","score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycogen-depletion","display_name":"glycogen depletion","score":0.5529999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777499176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174936","display_name":"Glycogen","level":2,"score":0.8120816946029663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780928941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2372945","display_name":"Rating of perceived exertion","level":4,"score":0.725589394569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780310989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185948","display_name":"Time trial","level":4,"score":0.5796095728874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5726051330566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.5514633059501648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.5408980846405029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.47701406478881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4740590453147888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133165541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472094","display_name":"Exercise physiology","level":2,"score":0.4597899913787842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4317631721496582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8171440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903414","display_name":"Steady state (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4175736904144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.30368584394454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.15393629670143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.10783582925796509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001642","descriptor_name":"Bicycling","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004032","descriptor_name":"Diet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004040","descriptor_name":"Dietary Carbohydrates","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004734","descriptor_name":"Energy Metabolism","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005223","descriptor_name":"Fats","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005934","descriptor_name":"Glucagon","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008660","descriptor_name":"Metabolism","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010101","descriptor_name":"Oxygen Consumption","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010809","descriptor_name":"Physical Fitness","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018485","descriptor_name":"Muscle Fibers, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018592","descriptor_name":"Cross-Over Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1152/jappl.1999.87.3.1186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.3.1186","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.3.1186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140889577","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physiology","issn_l":"0161-7567","issn":["0161-7567","1522-1601","8750-7587"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320155","host_organization_name":"American Physiological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320155"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physiological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10484594","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10484594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.1030.6264","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1030.6264","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://jap.physiology.org/content/jap/87/3/1186.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:hbo:oai:hbokennisbank.nl:sharekit_fontys:oai:surfsharekit.nl:6c52e3be-e721-4bb4-97fd-5be4a2d6face","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://surfsharekit.nl/public/6c52e3be-e721-4bb4-97fd-5be4a2d6face","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physiology, 87(3), 1186 - 1196","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.kingston.ac.uk:2498","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/id/eprint/2498/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400991","display_name":"Research Repository (Kingston University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801636071","host_organization_name":"Kingston Hospital NHS Trust","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801636071"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"mag:2185938062","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jap.physiology.org/content/jap/87/3/1186.full.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:hbo:oai:hbokennisbank.nl:sharekit_fontys:oai:surfsharekit.nl:6c52e3be-e721-4bb4-97fd-5be4a2d6face","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://surfsharekit.nl/public/6c52e3be-e721-4bb4-97fd-5be4a2d6face","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physiology, 87(3), 1186 - 1196","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8560000061988831,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1769042289","https://openalex.org/W1951545989","https://openalex.org/W1964770377","https://openalex.org/W1980419816","https://openalex.org/W1982479833","https://openalex.org/W1997786654","https://openalex.org/W2001193060","https://openalex.org/W2001482745","https://openalex.org/W2007816352","https://openalex.org/W2012054867","https://openalex.org/W2013356563","https://openalex.org/W2014557212","https://openalex.org/W2022651510","https://openalex.org/W2037682813","https://openalex.org/W2037915161","https://openalex.org/W2040811347","https://openalex.org/W2056589074","https://openalex.org/W2060029862","https://openalex.org/W2065225601","https://openalex.org/W2075150137","https://openalex.org/W2087408740","https://openalex.org/W2089185726","https://openalex.org/W2094178727","https://openalex.org/W2100833574","https://openalex.org/W2101405565","https://openalex.org/W2108716083","https://openalex.org/W2125447794","https://openalex.org/W2125901366","https://openalex.org/W2131501155","https://openalex.org/W2140772050","https://openalex.org/W2151747858","https://openalex.org/W2170426277","https://openalex.org/W2177016730","https://openalex.org/W2396620899","https://openalex.org/W2476564711","https://openalex.org/W4241097296"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038583307","https://openalex.org/W2050234322","https://openalex.org/W2185938062","https://openalex.org/W2023972180","https://openalex.org/W2048260086","https://openalex.org/W2092061426","https://openalex.org/W2139246797","https://openalex.org/W2045103127","https://openalex.org/W2097875163","https://openalex.org/W2177016730"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"studied":[1],"glucose":[2],"oxidation":[3],"(Glu(ox))":[4],"and":[5,15,46,55,65,69,103,140,288,314],"glycogen":[6,64,193],"degradation":[7],"during":[8,167],"140":[9,57,228,292],"min":[10,58,229,276,293],"of":[11,19,59,63,81,96,142,218,227,242,294],"constant-load":[12],"[steady-state":[13],"(SS)]":[14],"variable-intensity":[16],"(VI)":[17],"cycling":[18],"the":[20,77,82,153,156,225,240,301],"same":[21,302],"average":[22,303],"power":[23],"output,":[24],"immediately":[25],"followed":[26],"by":[27],"a":[28,87,187],"20-km":[29],"performance":[30,266],"ride":[31],"[time":[32],"trial":[33],"(TT)].":[34],"Six":[35],"trained":[36],"cyclists":[37],"each":[38],"performed":[39],"four":[40],"trials:":[41,105],"two":[42,70,80],"experimental":[43,83],"bouts":[44],"(SS":[45],"VI)":[47],"in":[48,186,190,309],"which":[49],"muscle":[50,192,222,311],"biopsies":[51,74],"were":[52,99],"taken":[53],"before":[54],"after":[56,232,237,254,258],"exercise":[60,299],"for":[61,158,197,277],"determination":[62],"periodic":[66,249],"acid-Schiff's":[67,250],"staining;":[68],"similar":[71,100,268],"trials":[72],"without":[73],"but":[75,234],"incorporating":[76],"TT.":[78],"During":[79],"rides,":[84],"subjects":[85],"ingested":[86],"5":[88],"g/100":[89],"ml":[90],"[U-(14)C]glucose":[91],"solution":[92],"to":[93,291],"determine":[94],"rates":[95],"Glu(ox).":[97],"Values":[98],"between":[101],"SS":[102,170,233,255,278,296],"VI":[104,168,184,298],"O(2)":[106],"consumption":[107],"(3.08":[108],"+/-":[109,113,119,123,133,137,146,150,172,176,205,209,270,274],"0.02":[110],"vs.":[111,121,135,148,162,174,195,207,256,272,279],"3.15":[112],"0.03":[114],"l/min),":[115],"energy":[116],"expenditure":[117],"(901":[118],"40":[120],"904":[122],"58":[124],"J":[125],"x":[126,128],"kg(-1)":[127],"min(-1)),":[129],"heart":[130],"rate":[131],"(156":[132],"1":[134,138],"160":[136],"beats/min),":[139],"rating":[141],"perceived":[143],"exertion":[144],"(12.6":[145],"0.6":[147],"12.7":[149],"0.7).":[151],"However,":[152],"area":[154],"under":[155],"curve":[157],"plasma":[159],"lactate":[160],"concentration":[161],"time":[163],"was":[164,202,230,252,267],"significantly":[165],"greater":[166],"than":[169],"(29.1":[171],"3.9":[173],"24.6":[175],"3.":[177],"7":[178],"mM/140":[179],"min;":[180,212],"P":[181,213],"=":[182],"0.03).":[183],"resulted":[185],"49%":[188],"reduction":[189],"total":[191,200],"utilization":[194],"65%":[196],"SS,":[198],"while":[199],"Glu(ox)":[201],"higher":[203],"(99.2":[204],"5.3":[206],"83.9":[208],"5.2":[210],"g/140":[211],"<":[214],"0.05).":[215],"The":[216],"number":[217,241],"glycogen-depleted":[219],"type":[220,243],"I":[221],"fibers":[223,245],"at":[224,300],"end":[226],"98%":[231],"only":[235],"59%":[236],"VI.":[238,259],"Conversely,":[239],"II":[244],"that":[246,284],"showed":[247],"reduced":[248],"staining":[251],"1%":[253],"10%":[257],"Despite":[260],"these":[261],"metabolic":[262,287],"differences,":[263],"subsequent":[264],"TT":[265],"(29.14":[269],"0.9":[271,275],"30.5":[273],"VI).":[280],"These":[281],"results":[282],"indicate":[283],"whole":[285],"body":[286],"cardiovascular":[289],"responses":[290],"either":[295],"or":[297],"intensity":[304],"are":[305],"similar,":[306],"despite":[307],"differences":[308],"skeletal":[310],"carbohydrate":[312],"metabolism":[313],"recruitment.":[315]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}