{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1925372749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1520/stp12187s","title":"Estimates of the Extent and Character of the Oxygen-Starved Interior in Large Pool Fires","display_name":"Estimates of the Extent and Character of the Oxygen-Starved Interior in Large Pool Fires","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1925372749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1520/stp12187s","mag":"1925372749"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1520/stp12187s","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1520/stp12187s","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1520/stp12187s","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Very Large-Scale Fires","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W368159707","display_name":"Very Large-Scale Fires"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108245327","display_name":"Louis A. Gritzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1005-7865","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1005-7865"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"LA Gritzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories 1 Senior Member of the Technical Staff , Unsteady and Reactive Fluid Mechanics, , Albuquerque, NM87185-0836"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories 1 Senior Member of the Technical Staff , Unsteady and Reactive Fluid Mechanics, , Albuquerque, NM87185-0836","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113500290","display_name":"Walter Gill","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W Gill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories 2 Senior Member of the Technical Staff , Mechanical and Thermal Environments, , Albuquerque, NM87185-0865"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories 2 Senior Member of the Technical Staff , Mechanical and Thermal Environments, , Albuquerque, NM87185-0865","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113554064","display_name":"Vernon F. Nicolette","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"VF Nicolette","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories 1 Senior Member of the Technical Staff , Unsteady and Reactive Fluid Mechanics, , Albuquerque, NM87185-0836"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories 1 Senior Member of the Technical Staff , Unsteady and Reactive Fluid Mechanics, , Albuquerque, NM87185-0836","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":23.2883,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":1.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"84","last_page":"98"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10553","display_name":"Combustion and flame dynamics","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pool-fire","display_name":"pool fire","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-distribution","display_name":"temperature distribution","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-flux","display_name":"heat flux","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-effects","display_name":"wind effects","score":0.6880000233650208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.8711972832679749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4727001190185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.38823020458221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.3305644989013672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3230615556240082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10609152913093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.06514006853103638}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1520/stp12187s","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1520/stp12187s","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1520/stp12187s","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Very Large-Scale Fires","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6897475","https://openalex.org/W69917078","https://openalex.org/W1581798175","https://openalex.org/W1981401379","https://openalex.org/W1993674176","https://openalex.org/W2017408167","https://openalex.org/W2030543341","https://openalex.org/W2034434606","https://openalex.org/W2044551659","https://openalex.org/W2070631955","https://openalex.org/W2083731863","https://openalex.org/W2536926581","https://openalex.org/W2791429641","https://openalex.org/W6880402301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1569513385","https://openalex.org/W4410866706","https://openalex.org/W2350323748","https://openalex.org/W2354514419","https://openalex.org/W3210149514","https://openalex.org/W2347564027","https://openalex.org/W2382477244","https://openalex.org/W2994814441","https://openalex.org/W2675931904","https://openalex.org/W2034707992"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Based":[0],"on":[1,151],"data":[2,51,81],"from":[3,79],"large":[4,24],"pool":[5,25,38,145,160],"fire":[6,10,34,103,131,134,146],"experiments":[7],"and":[8,17,35,42,69,109,114],"computational":[9],"field":[11,104],"model":[12,105],"simulations,":[13],"the":[14,20,30,33,37,61,83,87,124,130,159],"size,":[15],"shape,":[16],"character":[18],"of":[19,32,63,86,95,107,126,139],"oxygen-starved":[21],"interior":[22,31],"in":[23,49],"fires":[26],"is":[27,90],"estimated.":[28],"In":[29],"near":[36],"surface,":[39],"low":[40,43,53],"average":[41,68],"mean":[44,70],"deviation":[45,71],"temperatures":[46],"were":[47],"noted":[48],"experimental":[50],"for":[52,92],"wind":[54,96],"conditions.":[55,97],"These":[56,98],"trends":[57],"tend":[58],"to":[59,158],"indicate":[60],"presence":[62,138],"a":[64,93,152],"non-combusting":[65],"region.":[66],"Using":[67],"temperature":[72,108,116],"distributions":[73],"(supplemented":[74],"by":[75,119],"heat":[76,120],"flux":[77,121],"measurements)":[78],"several":[80],"sets,":[82],"spatial":[84],"extent":[85],"vapor":[88],"dome":[89],"estimated":[91],"range":[94],"estimates":[99],"are":[100,149],"compared":[101],"with":[102],"results":[106],"fuel/air":[110],"concentration":[111],"distributions.":[112],"Predicted":[113],"measured":[115],"trends,":[117],"supported":[118],"data,":[122],"illustrate":[123],"importance":[125],"object":[127],"placement":[128],"within":[129],"during":[132],"system":[133],"survivability":[135],"testing.":[136],"The":[137],"this":[140],"region":[141],"also":[142],"supplements":[143],"conventional":[144],"representations":[147],"which":[148,156],"based":[150],"continuous":[153],"flame":[154],"zone":[155],"extends":[157],"surface.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}