{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1925182940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","title":"The CABG Surgery Volume\u2013Outcome Relationship: Temporal Trends and Selection Effects in California, 1998\u20132004","display_name":"The CABG Surgery Volume\u2013Outcome Relationship: Temporal Trends and Selection Effects in California, 1998\u20132004","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1925182940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","mag":"1925182940","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18211524","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2323152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2228914","display_name":"Health Services Research","issn_l":"0017-9124","issn":["0017-9124","1475-6773"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","fnege-2","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Services Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W1925182940"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016763209","display_name":"James P. Marcin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7281-6947","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7281-6947"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163129","display_name":"UC Davis Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ehe8t08","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160856","https://openalex.org/I4210163129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James P. Marcin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis Children's Hospital, and Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA","Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817,","Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis Children's Hospital,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis Children's Hospital, and Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163129"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis Children's Hospital,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101550573","display_name":"Zhongmin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4156-4761","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4156-4761"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongmin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Division of General Medicine, UC Davis,","Health Quality and Analysis Division, OSHPD, Sacramento, CA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Division of General Medicine, UC Davis,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Quality and Analysis Division, OSHPD, Sacramento, CA,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031871819","display_name":"Richard L. Kravitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5575-529X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5575-529X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard L. Kravitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817,","Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Division of General Medicine, UC Davis,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Division of General Medicine, UC Davis,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057477329","display_name":"Jian J. Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5039-1626","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5039-1626"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian J. Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Data Analysis and Visualization, UC Davis, Davis, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Data Analysis and Visualization, UC Davis, Davis, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059478677","display_name":"David M. Rocke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-7318","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-7318"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David M. Rocke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Biostatistics, UC Davis, Davis, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Biostatistics, UC Davis, Davis, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007567679","display_name":"Patrick S. Romano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6749-3979","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6749-3979"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick S. Romano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817,","Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Division of General Medicine, UC Davis,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Division of General Medicine, UC Davis,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016763209"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163129"],"apc_list":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5143,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9362306,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"1p1","first_page":"174","last_page":"192"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12871","display_name":"Healthcare Quality and Management","score":0.44429999589920044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12871","display_name":"Healthcare Quality and Management","score":0.44429999589920044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11055","display_name":"Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques","score":0.2549000084400177,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.10490000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronary-artery-bypass-grafting","display_name":"coronary artery bypass grafting","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume-outcome-relationship","display_name":"volume-outcome relationship","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-volume","display_name":"hospital volume","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-hospital-mortality","display_name":"in-hospital mortality","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-trends","display_name":"temporal trends","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-effects","display_name":"selection effects","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-adjustment","display_name":"risk adjustment","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-care","display_name":"quality of care","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-performance-evaluation","display_name":"hospital performance evaluation","score":0.35100001096725464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.546384334564209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.544257402420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.5355690717697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4536948502063751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.33341631293296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.21714425086975098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1260964274406433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.06818631291389465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001026","descriptor_name":"Coronary Artery Bypass","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001026","descriptor_name":"Coronary Artery Bypass","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002140","descriptor_name":"California","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003324","descriptor_name":"Coronary Artery Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005843","descriptor_name":"Geography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010865","descriptor_name":"Pilot Projects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013503","descriptor_name":"Surgery Department, Hospital","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013503","descriptor_name":"Surgery Department, Hospital","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017052","descriptor_name":"Hospital Mortality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017063","descriptor_name":"Outcome Assessment, Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017598","descriptor_name":"Efficiency, Organizational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019221","descriptor_name":"Mandatory Reporting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020379","descriptor_name":"Risk Adjustment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2228914","display_name":"Health Services Research","issn_l":"0017-9124","issn":["0017-9124","1475-6773"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","fnege-2","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Services Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18211524","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18211524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health services research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2323152","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2323152/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Serv Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.649.2049","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.649.2049","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dmrocke.ucdavis.edu/papers/HESR_740.PDF","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00740.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2228914","display_name":"Health Services Research","issn_l":"0017-9124","issn":["0017-9124","1475-6773"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","fnege-2","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Services Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9907000064849854,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316673","display_name":"Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development, State of California","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1925182940.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1925182940.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W650163","https://openalex.org/W101526034","https://openalex.org/W1521401925","https://openalex.org/W1637125451","https://openalex.org/W1985583665","https://openalex.org/W1995801962","https://openalex.org/W1995996742","https://openalex.org/W1997929977","https://openalex.org/W1998179632","https://openalex.org/W2010915743","https://openalex.org/W2015439019","https://openalex.org/W2015517780","https://openalex.org/W2017394032","https://openalex.org/W2024081693","https://openalex.org/W2034450589","https://openalex.org/W2038041134","https://openalex.org/W2042862867","https://openalex.org/W2046133119","https://openalex.org/W2048982186","https://openalex.org/W2057657918","https://openalex.org/W2060509679","https://openalex.org/W2071027992","https://openalex.org/W2073041532","https://openalex.org/W2075227608","https://openalex.org/W2083936804","https://openalex.org/W2085700061","https://openalex.org/W2094061941","https://openalex.org/W2098967927","https://openalex.org/W2109275503","https://openalex.org/W2132597711","https://openalex.org/W2135187257","https://openalex.org/W2142865989","https://openalex.org/W2152667675","https://openalex.org/W2163408189","https://openalex.org/W2405859143","https://openalex.org/W2413831883","https://openalex.org/W2466746216","https://openalex.org/W4249499052"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2133012959","https://openalex.org/W2002816954","https://openalex.org/W2276870974","https://openalex.org/W2090142454","https://openalex.org/W2089426093","https://openalex.org/W1989507243","https://openalex.org/W183415508","https://openalex.org/W2482676381"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"investigate":[2],"the":[3,7,26,52,74,99,108,123,141,158,176,184,249,288,300,335,342],"temporal":[4],"trends":[5],"in":[6,10,17,138,248,328],"volume-outcome":[8,260,317,336],"relationship":[9,31,261,318],"coronary":[11],"artery":[12],"bypass":[13],"graft":[14],"(CABG)":[15],"surgery":[16,349],"California":[18,53,75],"from":[19,35,69,90,287,292,321],"1998":[20,70,322],"to":[21,24,71,92,121,283,323,341],"2004,":[22],"and":[23,39,66,73,87,104,155,167,255,274,330],"assess":[25,122],"selection":[27],"effects":[28],"on":[29,198],"this":[30,276],"by":[32,157],"using":[33],"data":[34,49,148,291],"periods":[36],"of":[37,102,125,140,160,163,178,186,251,278,290,312,334,344],"voluntary":[38,60,179,301],"mandatory":[40,82,252,347],"hospital":[41,126,130,180],"reporting.":[42],"DATA":[43,144],"SOURCES:":[44],"We":[45,111,172,244],"used":[46,112],"patient-level":[47,136],"clinical":[48],"collected":[50],"for":[51,134,153],"CABG":[54,76,313,348],"Mortality":[55],"Reporting":[56,78],"Program":[57,79],"(CCMRP,":[58],"a":[59,81,284,315,345],"reporting":[61,83,181,253,285,350],"program":[62,84],"with":[63,85,129,183],"between":[64],"68":[65],"81":[67],"hospitals)":[68,89],"2002":[72,238],"Outcomes":[77],"(CCORP,":[80],"121":[86],"120":[88],"2003":[91,329],"2004.":[93,331],"STUDY":[94],"DESIGN:":[95],"The":[96,332],"patient":[97],"was":[98,107,258,280,319,326,338],"primary":[100,109],"unit":[101],"analysis,":[103],"in-hospital":[105,195],"mortality":[106,131,196],"outcome.":[110],"hierarchical":[113],"logistic":[114],"regression":[115],"models":[116],"(generalized":[117],"linear":[118],"mixed":[119],"models)":[120],"association":[124,279,337],"annual":[127],"volume":[128,189,202],"while":[132],"controlling":[133],"detailed":[135],"covariates":[137],"each":[139],"7":[142],"years.":[143],"COLLECTION":[145],"METHODS:":[146],"All":[147],"were":[149],"systematically":[150],"collected,":[151],"reviewed":[152],"accuracy,":[154],"validated":[156],"State":[159],"California's":[161],"Office":[162],"Statewide":[164],"Health":[165],"Planning":[166],"Development":[168],"(OSHPD).":[169],"PRINCIPAL":[170],"FINDINGS:":[171],"found":[173,246],"that":[174,247,275,294],"during":[175,299],"period":[177,250],"(1998-2002),":[182],"exception":[185],"1998,":[187],"higher":[188],"hospitals":[190,203,293],"had":[191],"significantly":[192],"lower":[193,201],"risk-adjusted":[194],"rates,":[197],"average,":[199],"than":[200],"(1998":[204],"odds":[205],"ratio":[206],"[OR]":[207],"per":[208],"100":[209],"operations":[210],"performed":[211],"=":[212],"0.962,":[213],"95":[214,222,228,234,240,264,270],"percent":[215,223,229,235,241,265,271],"confidence":[216],"interval":[217],"[CI]:":[218],"0.912-1.015;":[219],"1999":[220],"OR=0.955,":[221],"CI:":[224,230,236,242,266,272],"0.920-0.991;":[225],"2000":[226],"OR=0.942,":[227],"0.897-0.989;":[231],"2001":[232],"OR=0.935,":[233],"0.887-0.986;":[237],"OR=0.946,":[239],"0.899-0.997).":[243],"also":[245],"(2003":[254,262],"2004)":[256],"there":[257],"no":[259,307],"OR=0.997,":[263],"0.939-1.058;":[267],"2004":[268],"OR=0.984,":[269],"0.915-1.058)":[273],"lack":[277],"not":[281,296],"due":[282],"bias":[286],"addition":[289],"did":[295],"originally":[297],"contribute":[298],"program.":[302,351],"CONCLUSIONS:":[303],"In":[304],"California,":[305],"where":[306],"state":[308],"regulations":[309],"support":[310],"regionalization":[311],"surgeries,":[314],"weak":[316],"present":[320],"2002,":[324],"but":[325],"absent":[327],"disappearance":[333],"temporally":[339],"related":[340],"implementation":[343],"statewide":[346]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}