{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1924401730","doi":null,"title":"Are larger dental practices more efficient? An analysis of dental services production.","display_name":"Are larger dental practices more efficient? An analysis of dental services production.","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1924401730","mag":"1924401730","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3102404","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1068979"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:387809","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1068979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1068979","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111863359","display_name":"Joseph Lipscomb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-7134","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-7134"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Lipscomb","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038488065","display_name":"C.W. Douglass","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0504-7962","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0504-7962"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C W Douglass","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5815,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64196941,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"5","first_page":"635","last_page":"61"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.019600000232458115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12871","display_name":"Healthcare Quality and Management","score":0.006800000090152025,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-efficiency","display_name":"cost efficiency","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming","display_name":"linear programming","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economies-of-scale","display_name":"economies of scale","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-dental-practice","display_name":"group dental practice","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-delivery","display_name":"service delivery","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-welfare","display_name":"consumer welfare","score":0.8100000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.7193647623062134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.6255180835723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5954863429069519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29321873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5970087","display_name":"Economies of scale","level":2,"score":0.5183416604995728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991918945","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dental practice","level":2,"score":0.5059141516685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.49250444769859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139876678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524004","display_name":"Production function","level":3,"score":0.47783541679382324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.46217599511146545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4600221514701843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.43668538331985474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92064499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production theory","level":3,"score":0.4115898013114929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41119539737701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.38564711809158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.3268846869468689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.21243074536323547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.20766550302505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.15143153071403503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003362","descriptor_name":"Cost-Benefit Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003770","descriptor_name":"Dental Offices","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004526","descriptor_name":"Efficiency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005250","descriptor_name":"Fees, Dental","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006123","descriptor_name":"Group Practice","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011215","descriptor_name":"Practice Management, Dental","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011215","descriptor_name":"Practice Management, Dental","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:387809","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1068979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1068979","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1068979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Serv Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:3102404","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3102404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health services research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:1924401730","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3102404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:387809","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1068979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14765575","https://openalex.org/W89526925","https://openalex.org/W348656291","https://openalex.org/W1542248909","https://openalex.org/W2040015147","https://openalex.org/W2045853465","https://openalex.org/W2417300429"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069848081","https://openalex.org/W1508081642","https://openalex.org/W2409424264","https://openalex.org/W2063101681","https://openalex.org/W108279470","https://openalex.org/W2057710679","https://openalex.org/W55423045","https://openalex.org/W2084423176","https://openalex.org/W2405436728","https://openalex.org/W2443219773"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Whether":[0],"cost-efficiency":[1,110],"in":[2,35,138],"dental":[3,28,37,65,90],"services":[4],"production":[5,18,158,179],"increases":[6],"with":[7,113,140,153],"firm":[8],"size":[9,92],"is":[10,39,175],"investigated":[11],"through":[12],"application":[13],"of":[14,27,63,86,126,164,181],"an":[15],"activity":[16,75],"analysis":[17,76],"function":[19,159],"methodology":[20],"to":[21,60,69,121,132],"data":[22,127],"from":[23,119,155],"a":[24,36,42],"national":[25],"survey":[26],"practices.":[29,123],"Under":[30],"this":[31],"approach,":[32],"service":[33],"delivery":[34],"practice":[38,66,91,114,183],"modeled":[40],"as":[41,100],"linear":[43],"programming":[44],"problem":[45],"that":[46,109],"acknowledges":[47],"distinct":[48],"input-output":[49],"relationships":[50,56],"for":[51,96,135],"each":[52],"service.":[53],"These":[54],"service-specific":[55],"are":[57,150,184],"then":[58],"combined":[59],"yield":[61],"projections":[62],"overall":[64],"productivity,":[67],"subject":[68],"technical":[70],"and":[71,93,102],"organizational":[72],"constraints.":[73],"The":[74],"reported":[77],"here":[78,174],"represents":[79],"arguably":[80],"the":[81,87,117,156,162,167,188],"most":[82],"detailed":[83],"evaluation":[84],"yet":[85],"relationship":[88],"between":[89],"cost-efficiency,":[94],"controlling":[95],"such":[97],"confounding":[98],"factors":[99],"fee":[101],"service-mix":[103],"differences":[104],"across":[105],"firms.":[106],"We":[107],"conclude":[108],"does":[111],"increase":[112],"size,":[115],"over":[116],"range":[118],"solo":[120],"four-dentist":[122],"Largely":[124],"because":[125],"limitations,":[128],"we":[129],"were":[130],"unable":[131],"test":[133],"satisfactorily":[134],"scale":[136],"economies":[137],"practices":[139],"five":[141],"or":[142,195],"more":[143],"dentists.":[144],"Within":[145],"their":[146],"limits,":[147],"our":[148],"findings":[149],"generally":[151],"consistent":[152],"results":[154],"neoclassical":[157],"literature.":[160],"From":[161],"standpoint":[163],"consumer":[165],"welfare,":[166],"critical":[168],"question":[169],"raised":[170],"(but":[171],"not":[172],"resolved)":[173],"whether":[176],"these":[177],"apparent":[178],"efficiencies":[180],"group":[182],"ultimately":[185],"translated":[186],"by":[187],"market":[189],"into":[190],"lower":[191],"fees,":[192],"shorter":[193],"queues,":[194],"other":[196],"nonprice":[197],"benefits.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
