{"id":"https://openalex.org/W192251383","doi":null,"title":"End of the Line: Tracking the Commodity Chain of the Electronic Waste Industry","display_name":"End of the Line: Tracking the Commodity Chain of the Electronic Waste Industry","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W192251383","mag":"192251383"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.wmich.edu:dissertations-1105","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/128","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/128","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196527","display_name":"ScholarWorks - WMU (Western Michigan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","host_organization_name":"Western Michigan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/128","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029504144","display_name":"Jacquelynn A. Doyon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8606887","display_name":"Grand Valley State University","ror":"https://ror.org/001m1hv61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8606887"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jacquelynn A. Doyon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Grand Valley State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Grand Valley State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8606887"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029504144"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8606887"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12017","display_name":"Recycling and Waste Management Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12017","display_name":"Recycling and Waste Management Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12965","display_name":"Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11552","display_name":"Global trade, sustainability, and social impact","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-waste","display_name":"electronic waste","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-waste-disposal","display_name":"e-waste disposal","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commodity-chains","display_name":"commodity chains","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-criminology","display_name":"green criminology","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-systems-theory","display_name":"world-systems theory","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/center-periphery-relations","display_name":"center-periphery relations","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ghana","display_name":"Ghana","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-waste-regulation","display_name":"e-waste legislation","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-harm","display_name":"social harm","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginalized-communities","display_name":"marginalized communities","score":0.44999998807907104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317088","display_name":"Commodity","level":2,"score":0.5830332040786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.5668759346008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5515088438987732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776929884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414037","display_name":"Commodity chain","level":3,"score":0.5269725322723389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4995725154876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4896848499774933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.43395617604255676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.33893346786499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2551295757293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.19818323850631714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.19489163160324097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.18178123235702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08925861120223999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.wmich.edu:dissertations-1105","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/128","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/128","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196527","display_name":"ScholarWorks - WMU (Western Michigan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","host_organization_name":"Western Michigan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:192251383","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1105&context=dissertations","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.wmich.edu:dissertations-1105","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/128","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/128","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196527","display_name":"ScholarWorks - WMU (Western Michigan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","host_organization_name":"Western Michigan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W192251383.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W192251383.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52420763","https://openalex.org/W340029715","https://openalex.org/W567722028","https://openalex.org/W580415314","https://openalex.org/W614736872","https://openalex.org/W624644020","https://openalex.org/W1192003877","https://openalex.org/W1487987238","https://openalex.org/W1504306790","https://openalex.org/W1527311855","https://openalex.org/W1533185687","https://openalex.org/W1533635555","https://openalex.org/W1549125604","https://openalex.org/W1607726693","https://openalex.org/W1713694134","https://openalex.org/W1750986932","https://openalex.org/W1943828480","https://openalex.org/W1968305520","https://openalex.org/W1970182160","https://openalex.org/W1985043514","https://openalex.org/W1995484758","https://openalex.org/W1996123157","https://openalex.org/W1998274817","https://openalex.org/W1999154674","https://openalex.org/W2004388900","https://openalex.org/W2009961612","https://openalex.org/W2011819991","https://openalex.org/W2014120758","https://openalex.org/W2019007229","https://openalex.org/W2020935901","https://openalex.org/W2026564882","https://openalex.org/W2040729369","https://openalex.org/W2045240155","https://openalex.org/W2050570619","https://openalex.org/W2052965052","https://openalex.org/W2069332984","https://openalex.org/W2077658857","https://openalex.org/W2087732777","https://openalex.org/W2094321157","https://openalex.org/W2095568477","https://openalex.org/W2105258220","https://openalex.org/W2122956520","https://openalex.org/W2128259769","https://openalex.org/W2133084938","https://openalex.org/W2147395784","https://openalex.org/W2152706736","https://openalex.org/W2162677944","https://openalex.org/W2168718426","https://openalex.org/W2169091890","https://openalex.org/W2169984820","https://openalex.org/W2274106087","https://openalex.org/W2318731725","https://openalex.org/W2494591795","https://openalex.org/W2505771755","https://openalex.org/W2580230008","https://openalex.org/W2789277224","https://openalex.org/W2801284249","https://openalex.org/W2980311816","https://openalex.org/W3095323615","https://openalex.org/W4386626339"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783183966","https://openalex.org/W2363187528","https://openalex.org/W7217225397","https://openalex.org/W2314883983","https://openalex.org/W2097169217","https://openalex.org/W7160675015","https://openalex.org/W4285497613","https://openalex.org/W4416324394","https://openalex.org/W2473320303","https://openalex.org/W1601340331"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,48,69],"examines":[2],"the":[3,31,38,45,55,90,98],"transfer":[4,99],"of":[5,40,81,92,102],"electronic":[6],"waste":[7,42],"(e-waste)":[8],"from":[9],"core":[10],"to":[11,85],"peripheral":[12],"nations,":[13],"specifically":[14],"coastal":[15],"nations":[16],"in":[17,29,33,54,74],"Africa.":[18],"The":[19,47,78],"theoretical":[20],"perspective":[21],"marries":[22],"green":[23],"criminology":[24],"with":[25],"world":[26],"systems":[27],"theory":[28],"examining":[30],"ways":[32],"which":[34],"marginalized":[35],"populations":[36],"bear":[37],"burden":[39],"hazardous":[41],"disposal":[43,73,101],"across":[44],"globe.":[46],"is":[49,84],"comparative,":[50],"looking":[51],"at":[52],"legislation":[53,62,96],"United":[56],"States":[57],"as":[58,60],"well":[59],"international":[61,95],"and":[63,65,76,100],"enforcement,":[64],"also":[66],"employs":[67],"case":[68],"methodology,":[70],"contrasting":[71],"e-waste":[72,103],"Nigeria":[75],"Ghana.":[77],"final":[79],"intent":[80],"this":[82],"research":[83],"determine":[86],"whether":[87],"or":[88],"not":[89],"violation":[91],"national":[93],"and/or":[94],"regarding":[97],"constitutes":[104],"a":[105],"social":[106],"harm.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}