{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1915519529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266","title":"Human cell lines for biopharmaceutical manufacturing: history, status, and future perspectives","display_name":"Human cell lines for biopharmaceutical manufacturing: history, status, and future perspectives","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1915519529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266","mag":"1915519529","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26383226"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28635856","display_name":"Critical Reviews in Biotechnology","issn_l":"0738-8551","issn":["0738-8551","1549-7801"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Critical Reviews in Biotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jennifer Dumont","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297540436","display_name":"Biogen (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqkb192","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Dumont","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA","Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014302629","display_name":"Don Euwart","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297540436","display_name":"Biogen (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqkb192","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Don Euwart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA","Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113960572","display_name":"Baisong Mei","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297540436","display_name":"Biogen (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqkb192","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baisong Mei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA","Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043022666","display_name":"Scott D. Estes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1465-1034","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1465-1034"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297540436","display_name":"Biogen (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqkb192","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Estes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA","Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059609760","display_name":"Rashmi Kshirsagar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297540436","display_name":"Biogen (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqkb192","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashmi Kshirsagar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA","Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297540436"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.4201,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":483,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98953363,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"6","first_page":"1110","last_page":"1122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11663","display_name":"Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11663","display_name":"Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11124","display_name":"Protein purification and stability","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12856","display_name":"Transgenic Plants and Applications","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1305","display_name":"Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-cell-lines","display_name":"human cell lines","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biopharmaceutical-manufacturing","display_name":"biopharmaceutical manufacturing","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-proteins","display_name":"therapeutic proteins","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recombinant-protein-expression","display_name":"recombinant protein expression","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-translational-modification","display_name":"post-translational modification","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neu5gc","display_name":"N-glycolylneuraminic acid","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunogenicity","display_name":"immunogenicity","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-contamination","display_name":"viral contamination","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-inactivation","display_name":"virus inactivation","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-free-suspension-culture","display_name":"serum-free suspension culture","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cho-cells","display_name":"CHO cells","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ns0-cells","display_name":"NS0 cells","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-production","display_name":"vaccine production","score":0.621999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781047461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679692","display_name":"Biopharmaceutical","level":2,"score":0.8306281566619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175656101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56646","display_name":"Chinese hamster ovary cell","level":3,"score":0.771155595779419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.71357661485672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5204015970230103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993684226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2662727","display_name":"Human cell","level":3,"score":0.5049484372138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.469558984041214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.455301970243454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40767141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285697","display_name":"Recombinant DNA","level":3,"score":0.43070706725120544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2418363094329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.23687291145324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.23526209592819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.18136826157569885}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001688","descriptor_name":"Biological Products","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001688","descriptor_name":"Biological Products","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001688","descriptor_name":"Biological Products","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001688","descriptor_name":"Biological Products","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001688","descriptor_name":"Biological Products","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060847","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Engineering","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060847","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Engineering","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060847","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Engineering","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060847","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Engineering","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060847","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Engineering","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28635856","display_name":"Critical Reviews in Biotechnology","issn_l":"0738-8551","issn":["0738-8551","1549-7801"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Critical Reviews in Biotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26383226","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26383226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Critical reviews in biotechnology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5152558","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5152558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Crit Rev Biotechnol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/07388551.2015.1084266?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28635856","display_name":"Critical Reviews in Biotechnology","issn_l":"0738-8551","issn":["0738-8551","1549-7801"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Critical Reviews in Biotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8560000061988831}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308604","display_name":"Biogen","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqkb192"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1915519529.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":88,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W162187343","https://openalex.org/W634457449","https://openalex.org/W1498699116","https://openalex.org/W1508946059","https://openalex.org/W1544067003","https://openalex.org/W1547997448","https://openalex.org/W1588950196","https://openalex.org/W1595085358","https://openalex.org/W1598924174","https://openalex.org/W1650948540","https://openalex.org/W1939868486","https://openalex.org/W1965926244","https://openalex.org/W1967567744","https://openalex.org/W1967751551","https://openalex.org/W1968800426","https://openalex.org/W1972057139","https://openalex.org/W1974965024","https://openalex.org/W1976624075","https://openalex.org/W1979379256","https://openalex.org/W1985625642","https://openalex.org/W1987406270","https://openalex.org/W1994251377","https://openalex.org/W1996524348","https://openalex.org/W1997984454","https://openalex.org/W1999650838","https://openalex.org/W2000702379","https://openalex.org/W2001311508","https://openalex.org/W2001607896","https://openalex.org/W2007432405","https://openalex.org/W2007881102","https://openalex.org/W2009052421","https://openalex.org/W2011193378","https://openalex.org/W2015902351","https://openalex.org/W2016608925","https://openalex.org/W2017355698","https://openalex.org/W2019693774","https://openalex.org/W2019839577","https://openalex.org/W2025533860","https://openalex.org/W2027783748","https://openalex.org/W2027942573","https://openalex.org/W2029673828","https://openalex.org/W2031666227","https://openalex.org/W2034969165","https://openalex.org/W2046118569","https://openalex.org/W2054981500","https://openalex.org/W2061557258","https://openalex.org/W2067685428","https://openalex.org/W2068438294","https://openalex.org/W2070573402","https://openalex.org/W2071598008","https://openalex.org/W2075470662","https://openalex.org/W2077060302","https://openalex.org/W2079554839","https://openalex.org/W2080070582","https://openalex.org/W2082229472","https://openalex.org/W2087850432","https://openalex.org/W2091207267","https://openalex.org/W2093343938","https://openalex.org/W2098080206","https://openalex.org/W2100518445","https://openalex.org/W2101010021","https://openalex.org/W2103868639","https://openalex.org/W2104252114","https://openalex.org/W2104825124","https://openalex.org/W2105402623","https://openalex.org/W2110568975","https://openalex.org/W2117458024","https://openalex.org/W2118540273","https://openalex.org/W2119861230","https://openalex.org/W2123607534","https://openalex.org/W2130498822","https://openalex.org/W2132568976","https://openalex.org/W2134566626","https://openalex.org/W2137488699","https://openalex.org/W2139198918","https://openalex.org/W2140035322","https://openalex.org/W2143712911","https://openalex.org/W2144027296","https://openalex.org/W2149357832","https://openalex.org/W2149588051","https://openalex.org/W2153123202","https://openalex.org/W2153180588","https://openalex.org/W2159768475","https://openalex.org/W2163478426","https://openalex.org/W2169855876","https://openalex.org/W2322121630","https://openalex.org/W2414628975","https://openalex.org/W4251342501"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998519759","https://openalex.org/W2083274803","https://openalex.org/W2367939407","https://openalex.org/W3022964734","https://openalex.org/W2548757857","https://openalex.org/W2019371398","https://openalex.org/W2337696957","https://openalex.org/W1581020121","https://openalex.org/W2171396379","https://openalex.org/W2036340686"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biotherapeutic":[0],"proteins":[1,36,46,239],"represent":[2],"a":[3,8,69,153,216,263],"mainstay":[4],"of":[5,10,75,80,85,167,209,219,238,244,262,266],"treatment":[6],"for":[7,12,90,175,202,235,258],"multitude":[9],"conditions,":[11],"example,":[13],"autoimmune":[14],"disorders,":[15,17],"hematologic":[16],"hormonal":[18],"dysregulation,":[19],"cancers,":[20],"infectious":[21],"diseases":[22],"and":[23,59,137,159,207],"genetic":[24],"disorders.":[25],"The":[26],"technologies":[27],"behind":[28],"their":[29],"production":[30,92,206,208,261],"have":[31,50,160,228],"changed":[32],"substantially":[33],"since":[34],"biotherapeutic":[35,45,267],"were":[37],"first":[38],"approved":[39],"in":[40,152],"the":[41,54,73,81,94,98,173,236],"1980s.":[42],"Although":[43,117],"most":[44,82],"developed":[47],"to":[48,126,232],"date":[49],"been":[51,68],"produced":[52],"using":[53,86,168],"mammalian":[55,119],"Chinese":[56],"hamster":[57],"ovary":[58],"murine":[60],"myeloma":[61],"(NS0,":[62],"Sp2/0)":[63],"cell":[64,77,88,120,147,170,196,224,245,252],"lines,":[65],"there":[66,214],"has":[67],"recent":[70],"shift":[71],"toward":[72],"use":[74],"human":[76,87,115,127,146,169,195,223,251],"lines.":[78],"One":[79],"important":[83],"advantages":[84],"lines":[89,121,148,171,197,225,253],"protein":[91,101,162,212],"is":[93,172,215],"greater":[95],"likelihood":[96],"that":[97,107],"resulting":[99],"recombinant":[100],"will":[102],"bear":[103],"post-translational":[104],"modifications":[105],"(PTMs)":[106],"are":[108,141,149,198],"consistent":[109],"with":[110,185,222,241],"those":[111],"seen":[112],"on":[113],"endogenous":[114],"proteins.":[116,268],"other":[118,242],"can":[122,182],"produce":[123,131],"PTMs":[124],"similar":[125],"cells,":[128],"they":[129,227],"also":[130],"non-human":[132],"PTMs,":[133],"such":[134],"as":[135],"galactose-\u03b11,3-galactose":[136],"N-glycolylneuraminic":[138],"acid,":[139],"which":[140],"potentially":[142],"immunogenic.":[143],"In":[144,192],"addition,":[145,193],"grown":[150],"easily":[151],"serum-free":[154],"suspension":[155],"culture,":[156],"reproduce":[157],"rapidly":[158],"efficient":[161],"production.":[163],"A":[164],"possible":[165],"disadvantage":[166],"potential":[174],"human-specific":[176],"viral":[177,187],"contamination,":[178],"although":[179],"this":[180],"risk":[181],"be":[183,233,255],"mitigated":[184],"multiple":[186],"inactivation":[188],"or":[189],"clearance":[190],"steps.":[191],"while":[194],"currently":[199],"widely":[200],"used":[201,234],"biopharmaceutical":[203],"research,":[204],"vaccine":[205],"some":[210],"licensed":[211],"therapeutics,":[213],"relative":[217],"paucity":[218],"clinical":[220],"experience":[221],"because":[226],"only":[229],"recently":[230],"begun":[231],"manufacture":[237],"(compared":[240],"types":[243],"lines).":[246],"With":[247],"additional":[248],"research":[249],"investment,":[250],"may":[254],"further":[256],"optimized":[257],"routine":[259],"commercial":[260],"broader":[264],"range":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}