{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1913586201","doi":null,"title":"Phrase Structure Trees Bear More Fruit than You Would Have Thought","display_name":"Phrase Structure Trees Bear More Fruit than You Would Have Thought","publication_year":1982,"publication_date":"1982-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1913586201","mag":"1913586201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.14.2372","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.14.2372","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://acl.ldc.upenn.edu/J/J82/J82-1001.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109994521","display_name":"Aravind K. Joshi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aravind K. Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110240604","display_name":"Leon S. Levy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leon S. Levy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Telephone Labs, Whippany, NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Telephone Labs, Whippany, NJ","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":39.7453,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9969697,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.9696999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.9696999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.011599999852478504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.01119999960064888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase-structure-trees","display_name":"phrase structure trees","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-constraints","display_name":"local constraints","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-description","display_name":"structural description","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skeleton","display_name":"skeleton","score":0.7239999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.8511499166488647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6616306304931641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80877019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7188074","display_name":"Phrase structure rules","level":3,"score":0.650753378868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5299965739250183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.529764711856842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37202355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7188071","display_name":"Phrase search","level":5,"score":0.509262204170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153962237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401131","display_name":"Noun phrase","level":3,"score":0.47656893730163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.451019287109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4351355731487274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1260903775691986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.08870702981948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121934690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1084","display_name":"Noun","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14838553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7441639","display_name":"Search analytics","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.14.2372","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.14.2372","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://acl.ldc.upenn.edu/J/J82/J82-1001.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:acl.sr.language-archives.org:J82-1001","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/J82-1001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064440","display_name":"OLAC - Open Language Archives Community","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:americanae.aecid.es:3659230","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/J82-1001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400786","display_name":"Americanae (AECID Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482795654","https://openalex.org/W1510923317","https://openalex.org/W2013937684","https://openalex.org/W2022460695","https://openalex.org/W2046216229","https://openalex.org/W2164141546","https://openalex.org/W2170716495"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2482492815","https://openalex.org/W3006036343","https://openalex.org/W1979173928","https://openalex.org/W7097675978","https://openalex.org/W641526210","https://openalex.org/W2011937305","https://openalex.org/W7096125430","https://openalex.org/W2568389808","https://openalex.org/W7053502352","https://openalex.org/W2088519091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"this":[0],"paper":[1],"we":[2],"will":[3],"present":[4],"several":[5],"results":[6,12,82],"concerning":[7],"phrase":[8,15,93],"structure":[9,16,86,94],"trees.":[10],"These":[11],"show":[13,91],"that":[14,69,92],"trees,":[17,95],"when":[18,97],"viewed":[19],"in":[20,103],"certain":[21,105],"ways,":[22],"have":[23,31,34,56,78],"much":[24],"more":[25],"descriptive":[26],"power":[27],"than":[28],"one":[29],"would":[30],"thought.":[32],"We":[33,55,77],"given":[35],"a":[36,50,104],"brief":[37],"account":[38],"of":[39,49,65,70,75,99],"local":[40,53,59],"constraints":[41,60],"on":[42,83],"structural":[43,109],"descriptions":[44],"and":[45,68,72,74],"an":[46],"intuitive":[47],"proof":[48],"theorem":[51],"about":[52],"constraints.":[54],"compared":[57],"the":[58,100,108],"approach":[61],"to":[62],"some":[63,81],"aspects":[64],"Gazdar's":[66],"framework":[67],"Peters":[71],"Ritchie":[73],"Karttunen.":[76],"also":[79],"presented":[80],"skeletons":[84],"(phrase":[85],"trees":[87],"without":[88],"labels)":[89],"which":[90],"even":[96],"deprived":[98],"labels,":[101],"retain":[102],"sense":[106],"all":[107],"information":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}