{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1913192097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.1995.483329","title":"Introduction to artificial neural networks","display_name":"Introduction to artificial neural networks","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1913192097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.1995.483329","mag":"1913192097"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.1995.483329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.1995.483329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.1995.483329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172894","display_name":"Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON)","issn_l":"1553-572X","issn":["1553-572X","2577-1647"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of IECON '95 - 21st Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108457037","display_name":"Robert E. Uhrig","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R.E. Uhrig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA","Instrumentation and Control Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instrumentation and Control Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108457037"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I75027704"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4598,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":238,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82158279,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"33","last_page":"37"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network","display_name":"artificial neural networks","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network-architecture","display_name":"neural network architecture","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-inspiration","display_name":"biological inspiration","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processing-elements","display_name":"processing elements","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"pattern recognition","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"handwriting recognition","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-recognition","display_name":"text recognition","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecg-interpretation","display_name":"ECG interpretation","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-system-modeling","display_name":"complex systems modeling","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loan-default-prediction","display_name":"loan default prediction","score":0.8420000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7777742743492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7433090209960938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6368772983551025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.554207980632782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33766855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7189618","display_name":"Physical neural network","level":5,"score":0.5075939893722534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173079777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4299350","display_name":"Nervous system network models","level":5,"score":0.5010480880737305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.47736477851867676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83535845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82772","display_name":"Kanji","level":3,"score":0.47472986578941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175202392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434543","display_name":"Time delay neural network","level":3,"score":0.45180854201316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4245024025440216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177973122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7860946","display_name":"Types of artificial neural networks","level":4,"score":0.3763755261898041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.368935763835907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781051154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8201","display_name":"Chinese characters","level":2,"score":0.11406421661376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.1995.483329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.1995.483329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.1995.483329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172894","display_name":"Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON)","issn_l":"1553-572X","issn":["1553-572X","2577-1647"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of IECON '95 - 21st Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4283070492","https://openalex.org/W4393909820","https://openalex.org/W4410846514","https://openalex.org/W7045536461","https://openalex.org/W7100912161","https://openalex.org/W2897349496","https://openalex.org/W2186989708","https://openalex.org/W2002016471","https://openalex.org/W2954674884","https://openalex.org/W2003214005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"neural":[1,35,84,145],"network":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4,10,77,141],"data":[5],"processing":[6,17],"system":[7],"consisting":[8],"of":[9,13,26,31,40,68,79],"large":[11],"number":[12],"simple,":[14],"highly":[15],"interconnected":[16],"elements":[18],"in":[19,60,112],"an":[20,66],"architecture":[21],"inspired":[22],"by":[23,92],"the":[24,27,32,61],"structure":[25],"cerebral":[28],"cortex":[29],"portion":[30],"brain.":[33],"Hence,":[34],"networks":[36,57,85,146],"are":[37],"often":[38,53],"capable":[39],"doing":[41],"things":[42],"which":[43,50],"humans":[44],"or":[45,136],"animals":[46],"do":[47,54],"well":[48],"but":[49],"conventional":[51],"computers":[52],"poorly.":[55],"Neural":[56],"have":[58],"emerged":[59],"past":[62],"few":[63],"years":[64],"as":[65],"area":[67],"unusual":[69],"opportunity":[70],"for":[71,109],"research,":[72],"development":[73],"and":[74,88,102,128,147],"application":[75],"to":[76],"variety":[78],"real":[80],"world":[81],"problems.":[82],"Indeed,":[83],"exhibit":[86],"characteristics":[87],"capabilities":[89],"not":[90],"provided":[91],"any":[93],"other":[94],"technology.":[95],"Examples":[96],"include":[97],"reading":[98,105],"Japanese":[99],"Kanji":[100],"characters":[101],"human":[103],"handwriting,":[104],"typewritten":[106],"text,":[107],"compensating":[108],"alignment":[110],"errors":[111],"robots,":[113],"interpreting":[114],"very":[115],"\"noisy\"":[116],"signals":[117],"(e.g.":[118],"electrocardiograms),":[119],"modeling":[120],"complex":[121],"systems":[122],"that":[123],"cannot":[124],"be":[125,134],"modelled":[126],"mathematically,":[127],"predicting":[129],"whether":[130],"proposed":[131],"loans":[132],"will":[133],"good":[135],"fail.":[137],"This":[138],"paper":[139],"presents":[140],"brief":[142],"tutorial":[143],"on":[144],"briefly":[148],"describes":[149],"several":[150],"applications.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
