{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1910120174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.2.337","title":"Is Mammary Output Capacity Limiting to Lactational Performance in Mice?","display_name":"Is Mammary Output Capacity Limiting to Lactational Performance in Mice?","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1910120174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.2.337","mag":"1910120174","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8930000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1242/jeb.199.2.337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.2.337","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.2.337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20257348","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","issn_l":"0022-0949","issn":["0022-0949","1477-9145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311847","host_organization_name":"The Company of Biologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Company of Biologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026130445","display_name":"Kimberly A. Hammond","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimberly A. Hammond","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Department of Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059847851","display_name":"K. C. Kent Lloyd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5318-4144","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5318-4144"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. C. Kent Lloyd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Center for Ulcer Research and Education 2 , UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1792, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Center for Ulcer Research and Education 2 , UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1792, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113911784","display_name":"Jared M. Diamond","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jared Diamond","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Department of Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0612,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":123,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83592664,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"199","issue":"2","first_page":"337","last_page":"349"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11056","display_name":"Physiological and biochemical adaptations","score":0.4494999945163727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11056","display_name":"Physiological and biochemical adaptations","score":0.4494999945163727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10489","display_name":"Regulation of Appetite and Obesity","score":0.10090000182390213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2807","display_name":"Endocrine and Autonomic Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10152","display_name":"Animal Nutrition and Physiology","score":0.0917000025510788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactation","display_name":"lactation","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/litter-size","display_name":"litter size","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teat-number","display_name":"teat number","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-energy-expenditure","display_name":"maternal energy expenditure","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-diet","display_name":"maternal diet","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-allocation","display_name":"energy allocation","score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mice","display_name":"mice","score":0.3310000002384186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779429622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780867","display_name":"Litter","level":2,"score":0.9095006585121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776659692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719426","display_name":"Lactation","level":3,"score":0.8601676225662231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.5476266145706177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.527880072593689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.5084978342056274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.44081151485443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4371391534805298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.3289543390274048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24048078060150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.18348944187164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.11233100295066833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000833","descriptor_name":"Animals, Suckling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004063","descriptor_name":"Digestion","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004435","descriptor_name":"Eating","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004734","descriptor_name":"Energy Metabolism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005947","descriptor_name":"Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007420","descriptor_name":"Intestine, Large","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007421","descriptor_name":"Intestine, Small","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007774","descriptor_name":"Lactation","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008098","descriptor_name":"Litter Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008321","descriptor_name":"Mammary Glands, Animal","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008321","descriptor_name":"Mammary Glands, Animal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008321","descriptor_name":"Mammary Glands, Animal","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008892","descriptor_name":"Milk","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009929","descriptor_name":"Organ Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013270","descriptor_name":"Stomach","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015430","descriptor_name":"Weight Gain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1242/jeb.199.2.337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.2.337","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.2.337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20257348","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","issn_l":"0022-0949","issn":["0022-0949","1477-9145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311847","host_organization_name":"The Company of Biologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Company of Biologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8930000","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8930000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of experimental biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1433394287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HD-30745","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3618877470","display_name":"PEPTIC ULCER CENTER","funder_award_id":"P01DK017328","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G528790412","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DK-17328","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6915744388","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GM-14772","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8763723774","display_name":"MATERNAL GUT/MAMMARY GLAND INTERFACE IN LACTATION","funder_award_id":"R01HD030745","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43565009","https://openalex.org/W630867975","https://openalex.org/W1682942551","https://openalex.org/W1886393675","https://openalex.org/W1949306745","https://openalex.org/W1975836044","https://openalex.org/W1979006263","https://openalex.org/W1993467349","https://openalex.org/W2007211505","https://openalex.org/W2008954875","https://openalex.org/W2009166480","https://openalex.org/W2013810076","https://openalex.org/W2021047239","https://openalex.org/W2022727204","https://openalex.org/W2050308035","https://openalex.org/W2060561390","https://openalex.org/W2065032342","https://openalex.org/W2074956477","https://openalex.org/W2086387942","https://openalex.org/W2097858909","https://openalex.org/W2103237662","https://openalex.org/W2110899440","https://openalex.org/W2114012766","https://openalex.org/W2122261501","https://openalex.org/W2137279928","https://openalex.org/W2263148332","https://openalex.org/W2271114727","https://openalex.org/W2274445210","https://openalex.org/W2280274018","https://openalex.org/W2289850446","https://openalex.org/W2301896772","https://openalex.org/W2321266105","https://openalex.org/W2327892570","https://openalex.org/W2408935059","https://openalex.org/W2411613324","https://openalex.org/W4250558141"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2338536663","https://openalex.org/W2289850446","https://openalex.org/W1975012505","https://openalex.org/W2010632362","https://openalex.org/W7097676254","https://openalex.org/W2169373865","https://openalex.org/W2785260661","https://openalex.org/W7211195512","https://openalex.org/W2110899440","https://openalex.org/W2146492773"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Using":[0],"lactation":[1],"in":[2,18,159],"mice":[3,56],"as":[4,27,37,140],"a":[5,108],"model,":[6],"we":[7,47],"sought":[8],"to":[9,100,177],"determine":[10],"whether":[11],"ceilings":[12],"on":[13,66,85,90,133],"sustained":[14],"energy":[15,64,80,131],"expenditure":[16],"reside":[17],"the":[19,28,38,50,70,79,86,121,129,134,173],"capacities":[20],"of":[21,31,53,78,123,182,193],"energy-acquiring":[22],"and":[23,33,164],"input":[24],"organs":[25,35],"(such":[26,36],"intestine)":[29],"or":[30,89],"energy-expending":[32],"output":[34],"mammary":[39,194],"glands).":[40],"To":[41],"distinguish":[42],"between":[43],"these":[44],"possibilities":[45],"experimentally,":[46],"surgically":[48],"varied":[49,76],"teat":[51,68,95],"number":[52],"lactating":[54],"mother":[55,87],"while":[57],"simultaneously":[58],"varying":[59],"their":[60],"litter":[61,83,105],"size.":[62],"The":[63],"burden":[65,81,132],"each":[67,94],"(i.e.":[69,82],"pup/teat":[71,110],"ratio)":[72],"could":[73,147],"thus":[74],"be":[75,101],"independently":[77],"size)":[84],"herself":[88],"her":[91],"intestine.":[92],"At":[93,107],"number,":[96],"pup":[97],"mass":[98,163,185],"proved":[99],"maximal":[102],"at":[103],"intermediate":[104],"sizes.":[106],"given":[109],"ratio,":[111],"mothers":[112,136],"with":[113,143],"five":[114],"teats":[115,146],"weaned":[116],"pups":[117,122],"no":[118],"larger":[119],"than":[120],"normal":[124],"(10-teat)":[125],"mothers,":[126],"even":[127],"though":[128],"total":[130],"former":[135],"was":[137],"only":[138,144],"half":[139],"large.":[141],"Mothers":[142],"two":[145],"not":[148],"wean":[149],"any":[150],"pups.":[151],"Litter":[152],"size":[153],"controlled":[154,161],"maternal":[155],"food":[156,170],"intake,":[157],"which":[158],"turn":[160],"intestinal":[162],"nutrient":[165],"uptake":[166],"capacity.":[167],"Disproportionately":[168],"high":[169],"intake":[171],"for":[172],"smallest":[174],"litters":[175],"appears":[176],"reflect":[178],"capital":[179],"start-up":[180],"costs":[181],"lactation.":[183],"Pup":[184],"is":[186],"evidently":[187],"limited":[188],"by":[189],"inadequate":[190],"suckling":[191],"stimulation":[192],"glands.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}