{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1909220351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-8315.2009.00187.x","title":"The concept of the death drive: A clinical perspective","display_name":"The concept of the death drive: A clinical perspective","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1909220351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-8315.2009.00187.x","mag":"1909220351","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19821849"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1745-8315.2009.00187.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-8315.2009.00187.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-8315.2009.00187.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19117828","display_name":"The International Journal of Psychoanalysis","issn_l":"0020-7578","issn":["0020-7578","1745-8315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Psychoanalysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084853806","display_name":"Otto F. Kernberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340179700","display_name":"NewYork\u2013Presbyterian Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03gzbrs57","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340179700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Otto Kernberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York Presbyterian Hospital21 Bloomingdale Road, White PlainsNew York 10605USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York Presbyterian Hospital21 Bloomingdale Road, White PlainsNew York 10605USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340179700"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084853806"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340179700"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1742,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90249488,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"90","issue":"5","first_page":"1009","last_page":"1023"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11132","display_name":"Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11132","display_name":"Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12844","display_name":"Psychology and Mental Health","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12864","display_name":"Psychoanalysis and Social Critique","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/death-drive","display_name":"death drive","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sigmund-freud","display_name":"Sigmund Freud","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-relations-theory","display_name":"object relations theory","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repetition-compulsion","display_name":"repetition compulsion","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sadism","display_name":"sadism","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masochism","display_name":"masochism","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-therapeutic-reaction","display_name":"negative therapeutic reaction","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suicide","display_name":"suicide","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggressive-affect","display_name":"aggressive affect","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-process","display_name":"group process","score":0.5619999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779834271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570600","display_name":"Death drive","level":2,"score":0.823822557926178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6849955916404724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151913843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454555","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.6448506712913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80205471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399895","display_name":"Object relations theory","level":3,"score":0.6216819882392883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5945239067077637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207886595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456138","display_name":"Pathological","level":2,"score":0.5091742873191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.4776785969734192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.46297404170036316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.4524839520454407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4371950030326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.40805837512016296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3303986191749573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43450049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256338","display_name":"Psychoanalytic theory","level":2,"score":0.2808126211166382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2395806908607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1939956247806549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07549712061882019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000374","descriptor_name":"Aggression","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001293","descriptor_name":"Attitude to Death","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003643","descriptor_name":"Death","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004328","descriptor_name":"Drive","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005619","descriptor_name":"Freudian Theory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008398","descriptor_name":"Masochism","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008398","descriptor_name":"Masochism","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009769","descriptor_name":"Object Attachment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010554","descriptor_name":"Personality Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010554","descriptor_name":"Personality Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011572","descriptor_name":"Psychoanalysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011574","descriptor_name":"Psychoanalytic Theory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012448","descriptor_name":"Sadism","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012448","descriptor_name":"Sadism","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012448","descriptor_name":"Sadism","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012649","descriptor_name":"Self Concept","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013405","descriptor_name":"Suicide","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016728","descriptor_name":"Self-Injurious Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016728","descriptor_name":"Self-Injurious Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1745-8315.2009.00187.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-8315.2009.00187.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-8315.2009.00187.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19117828","display_name":"The International Journal of Psychoanalysis","issn_l":"0020-7578","issn":["0020-7578","1745-8315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Psychoanalysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19821849","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19821849","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International journal of psycho-analysis","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W650887660","https://openalex.org/W1514972977","https://openalex.org/W1545232006","https://openalex.org/W1545361542","https://openalex.org/W1579978527","https://openalex.org/W1592004774","https://openalex.org/W1604916597","https://openalex.org/W1624317995","https://openalex.org/W1679875037","https://openalex.org/W1944150654","https://openalex.org/W1996546881","https://openalex.org/W2040428046","https://openalex.org/W2083824531","https://openalex.org/W2090114408","https://openalex.org/W2119121152","https://openalex.org/W2330716410","https://openalex.org/W2413219372","https://openalex.org/W2414934405","https://openalex.org/W2477936920","https://openalex.org/W2502566515","https://openalex.org/W2798944604","https://openalex.org/W4214728792","https://openalex.org/W4232197714","https://openalex.org/W4238168646","https://openalex.org/W4241690330","https://openalex.org/W4242095466","https://openalex.org/W4248834044","https://openalex.org/W4251271483","https://openalex.org/W4300229546","https://openalex.org/W4302378625","https://openalex.org/W4388250061"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2939566548","https://openalex.org/W4408630059","https://openalex.org/W2625295197","https://openalex.org/W7220088342","https://openalex.org/W4400318798","https://openalex.org/W4377239148","https://openalex.org/W2622656729","https://openalex.org/W2999070653","https://openalex.org/W7131355356","https://openalex.org/W2059168777"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,51],"discusses":[2],"Freud":[3],"'s":[4],"theory":[5],"of":[6,13,56,75],"the":[7,11,54,57,72,79],"death":[8,58],"drive":[9,59,95],"in":[10,35,38],"light":[12],"clinical":[14],"experience":[15],"with":[16],"severely":[17,85],"self-destructive":[18],"personality":[19],"disorders,":[20],"and":[21,29,37,41],"contemporary":[22],"object":[23],"relations":[24],"theory.":[25],"Repetition":[26],"compulsion,":[27],"sadism":[28],"masochism,":[30],"negative":[31],"therapeutic":[32],"reaction,":[33],"suicide":[34],"depressed":[36],"non-depressed":[39],"patients,":[40],"destructive":[42],"group":[43],"processes":[44],"are":[45],"explored":[46],"from":[47],"this":[48,65,89],"perspective.":[49],"The":[50],"concludes":[52],"that":[53,64],"concept":[55],"is":[60],"clinically":[61],"relevant,":[62],"but":[63],"condition":[66],"needs":[67],"to":[68,71,92,96],"be":[69],"traced":[70],"general":[73],"dominance":[74,90],"aggressive":[76],"affects":[77],"as":[78],"primary":[80],"etiological":[81],"factor;":[82],"only":[83],"under":[84],"pathological":[86],"circumstances":[87],"does":[88],"lead":[91],"a":[93],"focused":[94],"self-destruct.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}