{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1908952040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.201500201","title":"Precipitates originating from tungsten crucible parts in AlN bulk crystals grown by the PVT method","display_name":"Precipitates originating from tungsten crucible parts in AlN bulk crystals grown by the PVT method","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1908952040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.201500201","mag":"1908952040"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/crat.201500201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.201500201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.201500201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85849776","display_name":"Crystal Research and Technology","issn_l":"0232-1300","issn":["0232-1300","1521-4079"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Crystal Research and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014082049","display_name":"Frank Langhans","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I858866802","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth","ror":"https://ror.org/037p86664","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Frank Langhans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080597123","display_name":"Stefan Kiefer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8422-5044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8422-5044"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Kiefer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena; Institute for Geoscience; Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 10 07745 Jena Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena; Institute for Geoscience; Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 10 07745 Jena Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002799972","display_name":"Carsten Hartmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1033-5416","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1033-5416"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I858866802","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth","ror":"https://ror.org/037p86664","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carsten Hartmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012413901","display_name":"T. Markurt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2205-0394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2205-0394","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2476-3619"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I858866802","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth","ror":"https://ror.org/037p86664","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toni Markurt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tobias Schulz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I858866802","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth","ror":"https://ror.org/037p86664","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Schulz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032389658","display_name":"Christo Guguschev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0409-4262","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0409-4262"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I858866802","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth","ror":"https://ror.org/037p86664","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christo Guguschev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043693213","display_name":"M. Naumann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I858866802","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth","ror":"https://ror.org/037p86664","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Naumann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069361912","display_name":"Sandro Kollowa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I858866802","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth","ror":"https://ror.org/037p86664","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandro Kollowa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044952315","display_name":"Andrea Dittmar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2292-1957","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2292-1957"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I858866802","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth","ror":"https://ror.org/037p86664","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Dittmar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005388421","display_name":"J\u00fcrgen Wollweber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2271-0575","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2271-0575"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I858866802","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth","ror":"https://ror.org/037p86664","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00fcrgen Wollweber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044084996","display_name":"Matthias Bickermann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0888-849X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0888-849X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I858866802","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth","ror":"https://ror.org/037p86664","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Bickermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth in Berlin; Max-Born-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858866802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014082049"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858866802"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4454,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59254083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"2","first_page":"129","last_page":"136"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10132","display_name":"Advanced ceramic materials synthesis","score":0.023600000888109207,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2503","display_name":"Ceramics and Composites"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11160","display_name":"Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies","score":0.005100000184029341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aluminum-nitride","display_name":"aluminum nitride","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bulk-crystal-growth","display_name":"bulk crystal growth","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-vapor-transport","display_name":"physical vapor transport","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tungsten-crucible","display_name":"tungsten crucible","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitate","display_name":"precipitates","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/w2c","display_name":"W2C","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dislocation-decoration","display_name":"dislocation decoration","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crucible-contamination","display_name":"crucible contamination","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-gradient","display_name":"temperature gradient","score":0.4950000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542268612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743","display_name":"Tungsten","level":2,"score":0.8673321008682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120500152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5189793","display_name":"Crucible (geodemography)","level":2,"score":0.8001586198806763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7664645910263062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200447597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334104","display_name":"Supersaturation","level":2,"score":0.6264761686325073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26456737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185154","display_name":"Crystal growth","level":2,"score":0.5015513896942139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513153333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663","display_name":"Aluminium","level":2,"score":0.46369847655296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.42239829897880554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.4143669307231903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.39000338315963745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.338874489068985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.15167495608329773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147597530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369472","display_name":"Computational chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/crat.201500201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.201500201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.201500201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85849776","display_name":"Crystal Research and Technology","issn_l":"0232-1300","issn":["0232-1300","1521-4079"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Crystal Research and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1666026479","https://openalex.org/W1967842346","https://openalex.org/W1972798469","https://openalex.org/W1976780668","https://openalex.org/W1977188800","https://openalex.org/W1983329455","https://openalex.org/W1993662590","https://openalex.org/W2009640489","https://openalex.org/W2016291561","https://openalex.org/W2019552165","https://openalex.org/W2020223694","https://openalex.org/W2028730798","https://openalex.org/W2035822029","https://openalex.org/W2045535475","https://openalex.org/W2056321614","https://openalex.org/W2057237194","https://openalex.org/W2058534554","https://openalex.org/W2069035257","https://openalex.org/W2075921597","https://openalex.org/W2095267377","https://openalex.org/W2098280679","https://openalex.org/W2114205797","https://openalex.org/W2162372802","https://openalex.org/W2170855496","https://openalex.org/W2253111135","https://openalex.org/W4242676857","https://openalex.org/W4243887586","https://openalex.org/W4247124872","https://openalex.org/W4254292201"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2586958402","https://openalex.org/W7099980028","https://openalex.org/W2241972042","https://openalex.org/W2046360174","https://openalex.org/W2999521741","https://openalex.org/W3057654372","https://openalex.org/W4403448337","https://openalex.org/W2358981725","https://openalex.org/W6910443346","https://openalex.org/W2386673075"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1],"to":[2,108,138],"evaluate":[3],"the":[4,11,49,55,65,81,88,102,117,133,139],"possible":[5,114],"involvement":[6],"of":[7,13,36,73,76,87,101,141],"crucible":[8],"materials":[9],"in":[10,54,105,144],"growth":[12,24,51,145],"AlN":[14],"bulk":[15],"crystals":[16],"grown":[17],"by":[18],"physical":[19],"vapor":[20],"transport,":[21],"we":[22],"applied":[23],"conditions":[25],"with":[26,71,146],"a":[27],"high":[28,34],"vertical":[29],"thermal":[30,148],"gradient":[31],"and":[32,53,96,120],"hence":[33],"supersaturation":[35],"aluminum":[37],"vapor.":[38],"Under":[39],"these":[40],"conditions,":[41],"precipitates":[42,66,89,103,126,135],"formed":[43],"causing":[44],"diffuse":[45],"grayish":[46],"substructures":[47],"at":[48],"initial":[50],"interface":[52],"crystal":[56],"body,":[57],"decorating":[58],"dislocations.":[59],"Electron":[60],"microscopy":[61],"studies":[62],"revealed":[63],"that":[64,132],"are":[67,104],"elongated,":[68],"single\u2010phase":[69],"particles":[70],"sizes":[72],"50\u2013500":[74],"nm":[75],"commensurate":[77],"structure,":[78],"oriented":[79],"along":[80],"<11":[82],"0>":[83],"direction.":[84],"Chemical":[85],"analysis":[86],"showed":[90],"tungsten":[91,110,118,124],"as":[92,94],"well":[93],"carbon":[95],"oxygen.":[97],"The":[98,113],"lattice":[99],"parameters":[100],"close":[106],"agreement":[107],"hexagonal":[109],"hemicarbide":[111,125],"(W2C).":[112],"transport":[115],"from":[116],"parts":[119],"its":[121],"conversion":[122],"into":[123],"is":[127],"discussed.":[128],"We":[129],"thus":[130],"conclude":[131],"W2C":[134],"may":[136],"contribute":[137],"decoration":[140],"dislocations,":[142],"even":[143],"moderate":[147],"gradients.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
