{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1908880190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10350-1_2","title":"What Makes an Exchange a Unique Institution?","display_name":"What Makes an Exchange a Unique Institution?","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1908880190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10350-1_2","mag":"1908880190"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10350-1_2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10350-1_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10350-1_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463937","display_name":"Springer eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Economic Function of a Stock Exchange","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W820230067","display_name":"The Economic Function of a Stock Exchange"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Andrew Brooks","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726757","display_name":"T. Rowe Price Group (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0517rzt45","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Brooks","raw_affiliation_strings":["T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc, Baltimore, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc, Baltimore, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029224596","display_name":"Alfred R. Berkeley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfred Berkeley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pipeline Trading Systems, LLC, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pipeline Trading Systems, LLC, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052039505","display_name":"Gary Katz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary Katz","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Securities Exchange, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Securities Exchange, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"William O\u2019Brien","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William O\u2019Brien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Direct Edge, Jersey City, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Direct Edge, Jersey City, NJ, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085860675","display_name":"Brett Redfearn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brett Redfearn","raw_affiliation_strings":["J.P. Morgan Securities, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"J.P. Morgan Securities, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084110785","display_name":"Asani Sarkar B","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0905-4059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0905-4059"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43638361","display_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/05hwvzg47","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317239608","https://openalex.org/I43638361"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asani Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal Reserve Bank of New York, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Reserve Bank of New York, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43638361"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09682215,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"13","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.5166000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.5166000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14317","display_name":"Finance, Markets, and Regulation","score":0.444599986076355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14373","display_name":"Securities Regulation and Market Practices","score":0.016499999910593033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stock-exchange","display_name":"stock exchange","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/securities-trading","display_name":"securities trading","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exchange-function","display_name":"exchange function","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-discovery","display_name":"price discovery","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-transparency","display_name":"market transparency","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order-matching","display_name":"order matching","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-aggregation","display_name":"market aggregation","score":0.3179999887943268}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780510313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178706","display_name":"Institution","level":2,"score":0.7205251455307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2815362215042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08445188403129578}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10350-1_2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10350-1_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10350-1_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463937","display_name":"Springer eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Economic Function of a Stock Exchange","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4300000071525574}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2389366189","https://openalex.org/W2587708178","https://openalex.org/W43069326","https://openalex.org/W4235637421","https://openalex.org/W2026674420","https://openalex.org/W3123894481","https://openalex.org/W2380137971","https://openalex.org/W4285769302","https://openalex.org/W4385559265","https://openalex.org/W2389105722"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}