{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1908188887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2149","title":"DEGRADATION OF SPRINGS IN THE ARAVA VALLEY: ANTHROPOGENIC AND CLIMATIC FACTORS","display_name":"DEGRADATION OF SPRINGS IN THE ARAVA VALLEY: ANTHROPOGENIC AND CLIMATIC FACTORS","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1908188887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2149","mag":"1908188887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ldr.2149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153614898","display_name":"Land Degradation and Development","issn_l":"1085-3278","issn":["1085-3278","1099-145X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Land Degradation &amp; Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028191345","display_name":"Hendrik J. Bruins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8249-1258","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8249-1258"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"H. J. Bruins","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boker Campus, 84990 Israel","H. J. Bruins, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boker Campus, Sede Boker 84990, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boker Campus, 84990 Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"H. J. Bruins, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boker Campus, Sede Boker 84990, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076137684","display_name":"Z. Sherzer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Sherzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boker Campus, 84990 Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boker Campus, 84990 Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088730912","display_name":"Hanan Ginat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101099","display_name":"Dead Sea and Arava Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0133h2564","country_code":"IL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101099"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Ginat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Tamar Regional Council, Neve Zohar, Dead-Sea mobile post 86910 Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Tamar Regional Council, Neve Zohar, Dead-Sea mobile post 86910 Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101099"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068424009","display_name":"Sana Batarseh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Batarseh","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boker Campus, 84990 Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boker Campus, 84990 Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028191345"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"],"apc_list":{"value":5230,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5230},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5893,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9040349,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"4","first_page":"365","last_page":"383"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12083","display_name":"Karst Systems and Hydrogeology","score":0.8471999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12083","display_name":"Karst Systems and Hydrogeology","score":0.8471999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10398","display_name":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","score":0.0471000000834465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":0.012000000104308128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-extraction","display_name":"groundwater pumping","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arava-valley","display_name":"Arava Valley","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperarid-environments","display_name":"hyper-arid regions","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aridity-trends","display_name":"aridity trends","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropogenic-impacts","display_name":"anthropogenic impacts","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"climate change","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-level","display_name":"groundwater level","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spring-drying","display_name":"spring drying","score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodiversity","display_name":"geodiversity","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-groundwater-management","display_name":"sustainable groundwater management","score":0.7590000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150772632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330709","display_name":"Arid","level":2,"score":0.620373010635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102836","display_name":"Spring (device)","level":2,"score":0.6162319183349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.607932984828949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5651893019676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.5639225840568542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176783924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828158","display_name":"Evapotranspiration","level":2,"score":0.5349745750427246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.5252375602722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.5160691142082214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164270790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3773097","display_name":"Aridity index","level":3,"score":0.5086763501167297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.4349597692489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3299179673194885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.22911909222602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09696310758590698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.09665486216545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.09352055191993713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/ldr.2149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153614898","display_name":"Land Degradation and Development","issn_l":"1085-3278","issn":["1085-3278","1099-145X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Land Degradation &amp; Development","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9090999960899353,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"},{"score":0.4390000104904175,"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85630790","https://openalex.org/W562602637","https://openalex.org/W644592479","https://openalex.org/W1582971427","https://openalex.org/W1969974566","https://openalex.org/W1980416117","https://openalex.org/W1985344744","https://openalex.org/W2002115844","https://openalex.org/W2004722710","https://openalex.org/W2006599355","https://openalex.org/W2014074870","https://openalex.org/W2020787613","https://openalex.org/W2025193974","https://openalex.org/W2025450355","https://openalex.org/W2026547620","https://openalex.org/W2039353467","https://openalex.org/W2055848124","https://openalex.org/W2059603165","https://openalex.org/W2060925722","https://openalex.org/W2066964646","https://openalex.org/W2068105178","https://openalex.org/W2071078134","https://openalex.org/W2097126520","https://openalex.org/W2105180015","https://openalex.org/W2121810350","https://openalex.org/W2134024040","https://openalex.org/W2138231911","https://openalex.org/W2151962326","https://openalex.org/W2160717703","https://openalex.org/W2317682619","https://openalex.org/W2505857432","https://openalex.org/W2505915169","https://openalex.org/W2676278208","https://openalex.org/W4212847217","https://openalex.org/W4237840671","https://openalex.org/W4242681131","https://openalex.org/W4249264918","https://openalex.org/W4252102214","https://openalex.org/W4300870773"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392742255","https://openalex.org/W4404851593","https://openalex.org/W207851417","https://openalex.org/W2174084884","https://openalex.org/W4312620520","https://openalex.org/W81151757","https://openalex.org/W2083457864","https://openalex.org/W111965086","https://openalex.org/W2004750051","https://openalex.org/W6902906075"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Groundwater":[1,46],"pumping":[2],"in":[3,9,54,113,174,210,215,242,256],"the":[4,16,28,36,43,55,77,81,85,91,100,138,155,168,175,180,243,257],"hyper\u2010arid":[5],"Arava":[6,44,56,86,258],"Valley":[7,57],"began":[8,58],"1936":[10],"for":[11,22,67,154,206],"industrial":[12],"use,":[13],"south":[14],"of":[15,30,38,74,84,103,170],"Dead":[17],"Sea,":[18],"and":[19,24,52,69,118,123,141,149,163,212],"since":[20,204],"1949":[21],"domestic":[23],"agricultural":[25],"use":[26],"with":[27,35,230],"establishment":[29],"Eilat.":[31],"Pumping":[32],"gradually":[33],"increased":[34],"founding":[37],"19":[39],"rural":[40],"villages":[41],"throughout":[42],"Valley.":[45,259],"levels":[47],"dropped":[48],"as":[49,248],"a":[50,222,239],"result,":[51],"springs":[53,79,134,143],"to":[59,98,107,115,120,238],"deteriorate.":[60],"Their":[61],"status":[62],"had":[63],"not":[64],"been":[65],"studied":[66,178],"decades,":[68],"we":[70],"conducted":[71],"comprehensive":[72],"fieldwork":[73],"virtually":[75],"all":[76],"known":[78],"on":[80,137,167],"Israeli":[82],"side":[83],"Valley,":[87],"31":[88],"springs,":[89],"within":[90],"period":[92],"2008\u20132010.":[93],"Our":[94,128],"objectives":[95],"were":[96,144,177],"(i)":[97],"determine":[99],"current":[101],"condition":[102],"each":[104],"spring,":[105],"(ii)":[106],"study":[108],"spring":[109],"deterioration":[110],"through":[111,126],"time":[112],"relation":[114],"historical":[116],"data":[117],"(iii)":[119],"evaluate":[121],"anthropogenic":[122],"climatic":[124],"factors":[125],"time.":[127],"results":[129],"reveal":[130],"that":[131],"only":[132],"13":[133],"discharged":[135],"water":[136],"landscape":[139],"surface":[140],"18":[142],"found":[145],"dry.":[146],"Detailed":[147],"evaluations":[148],"time\u2010series":[150],"analyses":[151],"are":[152],"presented":[153],"springs:":[156],"'Ein":[157,159,161,164],"Tamar,":[158],"Mashak,":[160],"Evrona":[162],"Netafim,":[165],"selected":[166],"basis":[169],"geodiversity.":[171],"Climatic":[172],"trends":[173],"region":[176,244],"using":[179],"novel":[181],"P":[182,188,200],"/":[183,201],"PET":[184,192,202],"aridity":[185],"index":[186],"(":[187],"=":[189,193],"annual":[190,194],"precipitation,":[191],"potential":[195],"evapotranspiration).":[196],"We":[197],"calculated":[198],"yearly":[199],"values":[203,233],"1970":[205],"five":[207],"meteorological":[208],"stations":[209,214],"Israel":[211],"six":[213],"Jordan.":[216],"All":[217],"stations,":[218],"without":[219],"exception,":[220],"show":[221],"negative":[223],"downward":[224],"trend":[225],"toward":[226],"increasing":[227],"aridity,":[228],"often":[229],"significant":[231],"p":[232],"(below":[234],"0\u00b710).":[235],"The":[236],"change":[237],"drier":[240],"climate":[241],"should":[245],"be":[246],"considered":[247],"an":[249],"important":[250],"factor":[251],"regarding":[252],"sustainable":[253],"groundwater":[254],"management":[255],"Copyright":[260],"\u00a9":[261],"2012":[262],"John":[263],"Wiley":[264],"&":[265],"Sons,":[266],"Ltd.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
