{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1908114653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.176.13.3825-3831.1994","title":"A family of extracytoplasmic proteins that allow transport of large molecules across the outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria","display_name":"A family of extracytoplasmic proteins that allow transport of large molecules across the outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1908114653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.176.13.3825-3831.1994","mag":"1908114653","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8021163","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/205578"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1128/jb.176.13.3825-3831.1994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.176.13.3825-3831.1994","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.176.13.3825-3831.1994","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133274750","display_name":"Journal of Bacteriology","issn_l":"0021-9193","issn":["0021-9193","1067-8832","1098-5530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Bacteriology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC205578/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"T Dinh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T Dinh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0116"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0116","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069669892","display_name":"Ian T. Paulsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9015-9418","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9015-9418"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I T Paulsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0116"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0116","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063618841","display_name":"Milton H. Saier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-0017","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-0017"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M H Saier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0116"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0116","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7776,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":333,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93771626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"176","issue":"13","first_page":"3825","last_page":"3831"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10120","display_name":"Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10120","display_name":"Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10570","display_name":"Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms","score":0.039799999445676804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10147","display_name":"Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2726","display_name":"Microbiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-fusion-protein","display_name":"membrane fusion protein","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gram-negative-bacteria","display_name":"Gram-negative bacteria","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outer-membrane","display_name":"outer membrane","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-trafficking","display_name":"protein trafficking","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abc-transporters","display_name":"ABC transporters","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/major-facilitator-superfamily","display_name":"major facilitator superfamily","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/purple-bacteria","display_name":"purple bacteria","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phylogenetic-analysis","display_name":"phylogenetic analysis","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-fusion","display_name":"membrane fusion","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simian-virus-5","display_name":"simian virus 5","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydropathy","display_name":"hydropathy","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-structure","display_name":"secondary structure","score":0.5950000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8529089689254761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62465871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1886097","display_name":"Major facilitator superfamily","level":4,"score":0.7352020740509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46371251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886486","display_name":"Cell envelope","level":4,"score":0.7083410620689392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146587185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258248","display_name":"Bacterial outer membrane","level":4,"score":0.6402203440666199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115335371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q142943","display_name":"Membrane transport protein","level":4,"score":0.5689178109169006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144647389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423042","display_name":"Membrane protein","level":3,"score":0.5262531638145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57581600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2449730","display_name":"Transport protein","level":2,"score":0.49133315682411194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776051709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q632006","display_name":"Gram-negative bacteria","level":4,"score":0.47241249680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57947595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886088","display_name":"Membrane transport","level":3,"score":0.4264274835586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.42612943053245544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171897839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417841","display_name":"Protein family","level":3,"score":0.42305365204811096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41728031635284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778106830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29548","display_name":"Cell membrane","level":3,"score":0.4162202477455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.3937146067619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3563944101333618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547475151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25419","display_name":"Escherichia coli","level":3,"score":0.3337423801422119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149011108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652985","display_name":"Transporter","level":3,"score":0.2529749274253845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.16424018144607544}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001426","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001426","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001426","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001692","descriptor_name":"Biological Transport","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002352","descriptor_name":"Carrier Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002352","descriptor_name":"Carrier Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002352","descriptor_name":"Carrier Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002462","descriptor_name":"Cell Membrane","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006090","descriptor_name":"Gram-Negative Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006090","descriptor_name":"Gram-Negative Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008565","descriptor_name":"Membrane Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008565","descriptor_name":"Membrane Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008565","descriptor_name":"Membrane Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010802","descriptor_name":"Phylogeny","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017386","descriptor_name":"Sequence Homology, Amino Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D026901","descriptor_name":"Membrane Transport Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D026901","descriptor_name":"Membrane Transport Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D026901","descriptor_name":"Membrane Transport Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1128/jb.176.13.3825-3831.1994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.176.13.3825-3831.1994","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.176.13.3825-3831.1994","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133274750","display_name":"Journal of Bacteriology","issn_l":"0021-9193","issn":["0021-9193","1067-8832","1098-5530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Bacteriology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8021163","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8021163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of bacteriology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:205578","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC205578/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Bacteriol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:205578","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC205578/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Bacteriol","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2082109160","display_name":"ATP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES IN GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA","funder_award_id":"R01AI021702","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4359434817","display_name":"MECHANISM OF CARBOHYDRATE TRANSPORT IN BACTERIA","funder_award_id":"R01AI014176","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1468177","https://openalex.org/W146195030","https://openalex.org/W188730109","https://openalex.org/W1538999722","https://openalex.org/W1556495239","https://openalex.org/W1557008637","https://openalex.org/W1745436806","https://openalex.org/W1868327346","https://openalex.org/W1873143052","https://openalex.org/W1919680116","https://openalex.org/W1924074075","https://openalex.org/W1952485022","https://openalex.org/W1971710717","https://openalex.org/W1975304761","https://openalex.org/W1981834294","https://openalex.org/W1986665514","https://openalex.org/W1986896882","https://openalex.org/W1988867706","https://openalex.org/W2001973083","https://openalex.org/W2013127377","https://openalex.org/W2015292449","https://openalex.org/W2027562856","https://openalex.org/W2034331079","https://openalex.org/W2048671274","https://openalex.org/W2052811415","https://openalex.org/W2069031486","https://openalex.org/W2071416115","https://openalex.org/W2072225800","https://openalex.org/W2073447049","https://openalex.org/W2082327402","https://openalex.org/W2089068964","https://openalex.org/W2090247075","https://openalex.org/W2094966003","https://openalex.org/W2095450147","https://openalex.org/W2121924211","https://openalex.org/W2122510025","https://openalex.org/W2126719129","https://openalex.org/W2135164300","https://openalex.org/W2154414887","https://openalex.org/W2162097287","https://openalex.org/W2167771812","https://openalex.org/W4243581533","https://openalex.org/W4243721322"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028273106","https://openalex.org/W1963623446","https://openalex.org/W65503243","https://openalex.org/W1970632274","https://openalex.org/W2122510025","https://openalex.org/W7098266755","https://openalex.org/W2002362713","https://openalex.org/W2018568586","https://openalex.org/W2036964949","https://openalex.org/W2969192465"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Seventeen":[0],"fully":[1],"sequenced":[2,6],"and":[3,131],"two":[4,62,147],"partially":[5],"extracytoplasmic":[7],"proteins":[8,98],"of":[9,37,54,64,76,96,103,116,121,145,156],"purple,":[10],"gram-negative":[11,66,148],"bacteria":[12],"constitute":[13],"a":[14,33,85],"homologous":[15],"family":[16,50],"termed":[17],"the":[18,38,61,65,94,101,114,117,122,146],"putative":[19],"membrane":[20,35,88,153],"fusion":[21,144,154],"protein":[22,27,155],"(MFP)":[23],"family.":[24],"Each":[25],"such":[26],"apparently":[28],"functions":[29],"in":[30,82],"conjunction":[31,83],"with":[32,84,100,106,113,124],"cytoplasmic":[34],"transporter":[36],"ATP-binding":[39],"cassette":[40],"family,":[41],"major":[42],"facilitator":[43],"superfamily,":[44],"or":[45,58],"heavy":[46],"metal":[47],"resistance/nodulation/cell":[48],"division":[49],"to":[51,126,138,162,167],"facilitate":[52],"transport":[53,78,104],"proteins,":[55],"peptides,":[56],"drugs,":[57],"carbohydrates":[59],"across":[60],"membranes":[63],"bacterial":[67,149,169],"cell":[68,150],"envelope.":[69],"Evidence":[70],"suggests":[71],"that":[72,93],"at":[73],"least":[74],"some":[75],"these":[77,97],"systems":[79,105],"also":[80],"function":[81,109],"distinct":[86],"outer":[87],"protein.":[89],"We":[90],"report":[91],"here":[92],"phylogenies":[95],"correlate":[99],"types":[102],"which":[107],"they":[108,140],"as":[110,112,137],"well":[111],"natures":[115],"substrates":[118],"transported.":[119],"Characterization":[120],"MFPs":[123],"respect":[125],"secondary":[127],"structure,":[128],"average":[129,132],"hydropathy,":[130],"similarity":[133,166],"provides":[134],"circumstantial":[135],"evidence":[136],"how":[139],"may":[141],"allow":[142],"localized":[143],"membranes.":[151],"The":[152],"simian":[157],"virus":[158],"5":[159],"is":[160],"shown":[161],"exhibit":[163],"significant":[164],"sequence":[165],"representative":[168],"MFPs.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
