{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1902900515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002200277702100207","title":"Global Conflict Intensity and Great Power Summitry Behavior","display_name":"Global Conflict Intensity and Great Power Summitry Behavior","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1902900515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002200277702100207","mag":"1902900515"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/002200277702100207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002200277702100207","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002200277702100207","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20177303","display_name":"Journal of Conflict Resolution","issn_l":"0022-0027","issn":["0022-0027","1552-8766"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Conflict Resolution","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009662300","display_name":"William R. Thompson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-4593","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-4593"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103163165","display_name":"Florida State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William R. Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Government Florida State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Government Florida State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008636407","display_name":"George Modelski","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Modelski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Political Science University of Washington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science University of Washington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.0471,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98200746,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"339","last_page":"376"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13000","display_name":"World Systems and Global Transformations","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/summit-meetings","display_name":"summit meetings","score":0.38499999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictability","display_name":"predictability","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-politics","display_name":"international politics","score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/johan-galtung","display_name":"Johan Galtung","score":0.48500001430511475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.6893888711929321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197640229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2534066","display_name":"Predictability","level":2,"score":0.6287736296653748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6012135744094849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.5686129927635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.44137364625930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27574286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Variables","level":2,"score":0.4272499084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118084267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26110","display_name":"Positive economics","level":1,"score":0.4000725746154785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.38762855529785156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3874877393245697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3750370144844055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3428250253200531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.27846062183380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.18083971738815308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.17339667677879333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1693999469280243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14768850803375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.14617279171943665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/002200277702100207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002200277702100207","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002200277702100207","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20177303","display_name":"Journal of Conflict Resolution","issn_l":"0022-0027","issn":["0022-0027","1552-8766"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Conflict Resolution","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.878.8038","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.878.8038","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/21/2/339.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:jocore:v:21:y:1977:i:2:p:339-376","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/002200277702100207","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.7297000288963318}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W602163215","https://openalex.org/W627464094","https://openalex.org/W656164205","https://openalex.org/W1498112351","https://openalex.org/W1503642528","https://openalex.org/W1974059024","https://openalex.org/W1976845387","https://openalex.org/W1982749266","https://openalex.org/W1982949059","https://openalex.org/W1996257882","https://openalex.org/W2005928891","https://openalex.org/W2019442387","https://openalex.org/W2030248840","https://openalex.org/W2144660914","https://openalex.org/W2168739421","https://openalex.org/W2326343719","https://openalex.org/W2334055747","https://openalex.org/W2334663272","https://openalex.org/W2578062189","https://openalex.org/W2606635323","https://openalex.org/W2799258921"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4298343638","https://openalex.org/W3111401797","https://openalex.org/W2767366306","https://openalex.org/W2765335892","https://openalex.org/W7125400183","https://openalex.org/W2258908678","https://openalex.org/W7205515902","https://openalex.org/W4389700413","https://openalex.org/W3026897099","https://openalex.org/W2299714091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"the":[1,8,34,48,73,76,99,108,132,137,148,156,201,204,207],"significance":[2],"of":[3,12,38,47,58,75,103,111,136,150,160,175,200,206,217,229],"Great":[4,189,218],"Power":[5,190,219],"summitry":[6,39,93,191,212],"to":[7,22,90,180,194],"maintenance":[9],"and":[10,15,52,69,95,117,164],"evolution":[11],"world":[13,114],"politics":[14],"order,":[16],"little":[17,141],"attention":[18],"has":[19],"been":[20],"allocated":[21],"this":[23,59],"central":[24],"phenomenon.":[25],"One":[26],"earlier":[27,133],"exception":[28],"(Galtung,":[29],"1964)":[30],"did":[31],"find":[32],"that":[33,211,221],"volume":[35],"or":[36],"restrictedness":[37],"(1941\u20131961)":[40],"was":[41],"associated":[42],"with":[43,81,128],"two":[44],"key":[45],"properties":[46],"global":[49,202,230],"system:":[50],"polarization":[51,104],"predictability.":[53],"However,":[54],"a":[55,65,86,96,172,183,214,226],"close":[56],"examination":[57],"study":[60],"reveals":[61],"serious":[62],"problems":[63],"vis-\u00e0-vis":[64],"shifting":[66],"contextual":[67],"focus":[68,97],"conceptual":[70],"ambiguity":[71],"in":[72,113,131,225],"handling":[74],"independent":[77],"variables.":[78],"A":[79],"reexamination":[80],"an":[82],"explicitly":[83],"geocentric":[84],"perspective,":[85],"dependent":[87],"variable":[88],"limited":[89],"chief":[91],"executive":[92],"(1948\u20131971),":[94],"on":[98],"conflict":[100],"intensity":[101],"aspect":[102],"(primarily":[105],"measured":[106],"by":[107,119,197],"annual":[109],"rate":[110],"change":[112],"military":[115],"expenditures":[116],"secondarily":[118],"event":[120],"interaction":[121,158],"data)":[122],"produced":[123],"results":[124],"which":[125],"differ":[126],"greatly":[127],"those":[129],"found":[130],"study.":[134],"Most":[135],"original":[138],"hypotheses":[139],"receive":[140],"if":[142],"any":[143],"support.":[144],"Additional":[145],"analysis":[146],"suggests":[147,210],"possibility":[149],"such":[151],"intervening":[152],"variables":[153],"as":[154],"time,":[155,176],"bloc":[157],"variant":[159],"polarization,":[161],"capability":[162,165],"concentration,":[163],"distribution":[166],"fluidity.":[167],"Further":[168],"study,":[169],"probably":[170],"over":[171],"longer":[173],"period":[174],"will":[177],"be":[178,195,223],"required":[179],"arrive":[181],"at":[182],"more":[184],"definite":[185],"conclusion.":[186],"Moreover,":[187],"while":[188],"does":[192],"appear":[193],"influenced":[196],"certain":[198],"attributes":[199],"system,":[203],"weakness":[205],"discovered":[208],"relationships":[209],"is":[213],"complex":[215],"form":[216],"behavior":[220],"must":[222],"placed":[224],"larger":[227],"framework":[228],"politics.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
