{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1898729337","doi":null,"title":"Getting at the Meaning: How to Help Students Unpack Difficult Text","display_name":"Getting at the Meaning: How to Help Students Unpack Difficult Text","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1898729337","mag":"1898729337"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1898729337","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Linda_Kucan/publication/234680238_Getting_at_the_Meaning_How_To_Help_Students_Unpack_Difficult_Text/links/0c96053bd2cf82239b000000.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764758229","display_name":"The American Educator","issn_l":"0148-432X","issn":["0148-432X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The American Educator","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012182889","display_name":"Isabel L. Beck","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isabel L. Beck","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001001475","display_name":"Margaret G. McKeown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-0888","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-0888"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margaret G. McKeown","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-0888","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054392236","display_name":"Rebecca L. Hamilton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca L. Hamilton","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011934444","display_name":"Linda Kucan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda Kucan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3944,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88024116,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"66","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11859","display_name":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","score":0.013100000098347664,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expository-texts","display_name":"expository texts","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"reading comprehension","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/difficult-texts","display_name":"difficult texts","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-understanding","display_name":"student understanding","score":0.40700000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/junior-high-school-students","display_name":"junior high school students","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-studies-education","display_name":"social studies education","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-learning","display_name":"history learning","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/textbook-use","display_name":"textbook use","score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-instruction","display_name":"reading instruction","score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prior-knowledge","display_name":"prior knowledge","score":0.3330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-beliefs-about-reading","display_name":"teacher beliefs about reading","score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-attitudes-toward-reading","display_name":"student attitudes toward reading","score":0.3619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-to-learn","display_name":"reading to learn","score":0.6460000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.6517000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5834636688232422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5422679781913757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.47579702734947205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.46347129344940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.4349028170108795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.32288578152656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.15386900305747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1157454252243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1898729337","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Linda_Kucan/publication/234680238_Getting_at_the_Meaning_How_To_Help_Students_Unpack_Difficult_Text/links/0c96053bd2cf82239b000000.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764758229","display_name":"The American Educator","issn_l":"0148-432X","issn":["0148-432X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The American Educator","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.975600004196167}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2862510","https://openalex.org/W1890503061","https://openalex.org/W2025857406","https://openalex.org/W2032811864","https://openalex.org/W2563677355"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4367330305","https://openalex.org/W4240971960","https://openalex.org/W1832251202","https://openalex.org/W2077855120","https://openalex.org/W2564068590","https://openalex.org/W4387366489","https://openalex.org/W3100546648","https://openalex.org/W4211035876","https://openalex.org/W4382063435","https://openalex.org/W4381889025"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Astudy":[0],"that":[1,108,168,413,424],"we":[2,260],"conducted":[3],"in":[4,24,152,232,275],"1991":[5],"on":[6,78,343],"students\u2019history":[7],"learning":[8],"included":[9],"interviewing":[10],"eighth":[11],"gradersas":[12],"they":[13,68,164,181,367,404],"finished":[14],"their":[15,153,229],"study":[16],"of":[17,33,59,85,138,199,209,212,216,285,320,326,348,355,364,374,388,408,410],"early":[18],"American":[19],"history.Aquestion":[20],"about":[21,48,384],"what":[22,259],"happened":[23,66],"the":[25,28,34,60,86,119,141,150,162,187,210,269,283,307,312,327,346,372,414],"RevolutionaryWar":[26],"prompted":[27],"following":[29],"response":[30],"from":[31,399],"Jennifer,one":[32],"students:I":[35],"don\u2019t":[36,92],"really":[37],"remember":[38,93],"this":[39,49,116,222,237],"too":[40],"well;":[41],"I":[42,88,91,226],"don\u2019tknow":[43,89],"why.":[44],"We":[45],"always":[46],"learn":[47,179],"and":[50,64,67,74,81,118,140,189,206,257,265,278,380],"Ialways":[51],"forget.":[52],"It\u2019s":[53,95],"so":[54],"important":[55],"too.Something":[56],"like":[57,195],"one":[58,84],"colonies":[61],"was":[62,76],"toostrong":[63],"something":[65],"gotinto":[69],"a":[70,191,203,360],"war":[71],"over":[72],"it,":[73],"it":[75],"going":[77],"for":[79,300,345],"awhile":[80],"that\u2019s":[82],"just":[83],"things.":[87],"why":[90],"this.":[94],"prettyembarrassing.":[96],"(Beck":[97],"&":[98],"McKeown,":[99],"1994)How":[100],"many":[101],"teachers":[102,139,228,297],"have":[103,251,323,338],"heard":[104,198],"or":[105,245,370],"expressed":[106,174],"asentiment":[107],"reflects":[109],"Jennifer\u2019s":[110],"confusion:":[111],"\u201cI\u2019vespent":[112],"all":[113],"week":[114],"teaching":[115],"chapter":[117],"studentsjust":[120],"aren\u2019t":[121],"getting":[122],"it\u201d?":[123],"That":[124],"students":[125,145],"do":[126,261],"not":[127,395,418],"\u201cget":[128],"it\u201d":[129],"isa":[130],"common":[131],"concern":[132,383],"among":[133],"educators.":[134],"Despite":[135],"thebest":[136],"efforts":[137],"seeming":[142],"attentivenessof":[143],"students,":[144],"often":[146,417],"fail":[147],"to":[148,160,166,184,281,291,305,332,378],"understand":[149],"ideaspresented":[151],"textbooks.":[154],"In":[155],"particular,":[156],"studentsoften":[157],"are":[158,288,416],"unable":[159],"connect":[161],"ideas":[163],"haveencountered":[165],"information":[167,423],"is":[169,238,412],"presented":[170],"later.":[171],"Asone":[172],"teacher":[173],"with":[175,221,253,316],"frustration,":[176],"\u201cSometimesthe":[177],"kids":[178,250],"something;":[180],"even":[182,197],"seem":[183],"know":[185],"itfor":[186],"test,":[188],"then,":[190],"month":[192],"later,":[193],"it\u2019s":[194],"they\u2019venever":[196],"it!\u201dP.":[200],"David":[201],"Pearson,":[202],"reading":[204,385],"researcher":[205],"theformer":[207],"Dean":[208],"College":[211],"Education":[213],"at":[214],"theUniversity":[215],"Illinois,":[217],"recently":[218],"described":[219],"hisencounter":[220],"problem":[223],"(Pearson,":[224],"1996):...when":[225],"ask":[227],"most":[230],"seriousconcerns":[231],"literacy":[233],"instruction,":[234],"theyinvariably":[235],"say\u2014and":[236],"especially":[239],"true":[240],"ifthey":[241],"teach":[242],"fourth":[243],"grade":[244],"higher\u2014\u2018Well,":[246],"ifyou":[247],"think":[248],"my":[249],"trouble":[252,271],"stories,you":[254],"should":[255],"come":[256,304],"see":[258],"withour":[262],"social":[263],"studies":[264],"science":[266],"class.":[267],"That\u2019swhere":[268],"real":[270],"begins.\u2019...If":[272],"you":[273,287],"look":[274],"middle":[276],"school":[277],"high":[279,336],"schoolclassrooms":[280],"examine":[282],"role":[284],"expositorytext,":[286],"virtually":[289],"forced":[290],"conclude":[292],"thatit":[293],"has":[294],"none.":[295],"Occasionally":[296],"assignexpository":[298],"texts":[299,415],"homework,":[301],"but":[302],"whenstudents":[303],"class":[306],"next":[308],"day,":[309],"clearlyhaving":[310],"avoided":[311],"assignment,":[313],"teachersprovide":[314],"them":[315,377],"an":[317],"oral":[318],"version":[319],"whatthey":[321],"would":[322],"gotten":[324],"out":[325],"text":[328,403],"if":[329],"theyhad":[330],"bothered":[331],"read":[333,379],"it.":[334],"Most":[335],"schoolteachers":[337],"quite":[339],"literally":[340],"given":[341],"up":[342],"thetextbook":[344],"communication":[347],"anyimportant":[349],"content.":[350],"While":[351],"understandable,this":[352],"approach":[353],"is,":[354],"course,":[356,411],"ultimatelycounterproductive.":[357],"There":[358],"comes":[359],"time":[361],"inthe":[362],"lives":[363],"students\u2014either":[365],"when":[366],"go":[368],"tocollege":[369],"enter":[371],"world":[373],"work\u2014whenothers":[375],"expect":[376],"understandinformational":[381],"text.The":[382],"comprehension\u2014particularly":[386],"comprehension":[387],"expository,informational":[389],"text\u2014is":[390],"clearly":[391],"widespread.":[392],"Studentsare":[393],"simply":[394],"garnering":[396],"much":[397,400],"meaning":[398],"ofthe":[401],"expository":[402],"confront.":[405],"Why?":[406],"Part":[407],"theanswer,":[409],"wellwritten.":[419],"They":[420],"assume":[421],"background":[422]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}