{"id":"https://openalex.org/W189690371","doi":null,"title":"Requirements Engineering in Building Climate Science Software.","display_name":"Requirements Engineering in Building Climate Science Software.","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W189690371","mag":"189690371"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/86438","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86438","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86438","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86438","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111486798","display_name":"Paul N. Edwards","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6228-1520","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6228-1520"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul N. Edwards","raw_affiliation_strings":["(University of Michigan)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Michigan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084999292","display_name":"Archer L. Batcheller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Archer L. Batcheller","raw_affiliation_strings":["(University of Michigan)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Michigan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11024","display_name":"Information Systems Theories and Implementation","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/requirements-engineering","display_name":"requirements engineering","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-software","display_name":"research software","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-infrastructure","display_name":"software infrastructure","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stakeholder-engagement","display_name":"stakeholder engagement","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-support","display_name":"user support","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-users","display_name":"power users","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-adoption","display_name":"software adoption","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-feedback","display_name":"user feedback","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-change","display_name":"software modification","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-system-modeling-framework","display_name":"Earth System Modeling Framework","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-system-grid","display_name":"Earth System Grid","score":0.972000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986440788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climate science","level":3,"score":0.593739926815033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.464011549949646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4377145767211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.4279765486717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.37065020203590393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3672277331352234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.330922931432724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3235153555870056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.15427854657173157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11241030693054199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.05868983268737793}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/86438","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86438","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86438","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:189690371","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/86438","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86438","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86438","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5351999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332377","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338286","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338287","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W189690371.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W189690371.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W18856604","https://openalex.org/W40631430","https://openalex.org/W54461382","https://openalex.org/W77386651","https://openalex.org/W84082018","https://openalex.org/W113049538","https://openalex.org/W168494284","https://openalex.org/W204749382","https://openalex.org/W204988275","https://openalex.org/W641257586","https://openalex.org/W1486534186","https://openalex.org/W1492414030","https://openalex.org/W1499705153","https://openalex.org/W1500025880","https://openalex.org/W1505525800","https://openalex.org/W1505563434","https://openalex.org/W1528256875","https://openalex.org/W1529465401","https://openalex.org/W1536857969","https://openalex.org/W1548849615","https://openalex.org/W1569681650","https://openalex.org/W1741471588","https://openalex.org/W1964450454","https://openalex.org/W1967318030","https://openalex.org/W1973371327","https://openalex.org/W1979465005","https://openalex.org/W2014831132","https://openalex.org/W2015746091","https://openalex.org/W2021503621","https://openalex.org/W2022194882","https://openalex.org/W2029446742","https://openalex.org/W2030836928","https://openalex.org/W2034888853","https://openalex.org/W2035251626","https://openalex.org/W2036293496","https://openalex.org/W2038214251","https://openalex.org/W2039191423","https://openalex.org/W2042349004","https://openalex.org/W2045571829","https://openalex.org/W2047908882","https://openalex.org/W2048386373","https://openalex.org/W2054628911","https://openalex.org/W2066173647","https://openalex.org/W2067253775","https://openalex.org/W2088427625","https://openalex.org/W2090177212","https://openalex.org/W2096249199","https://openalex.org/W2098408698","https://openalex.org/W2098500201","https://openalex.org/W2099155447","https://openalex.org/W2100137827","https://openalex.org/W2106723970","https://openalex.org/W2111183635","https://openalex.org/W2111846364","https://openalex.org/W2114887779","https://openalex.org/W2116199508","https://openalex.org/W2118711713","https://openalex.org/W2122353533","https://openalex.org/W2123863234","https://openalex.org/W2125950502","https://openalex.org/W2126216613","https://openalex.org/W2127695051","https://openalex.org/W2129767530","https://openalex.org/W2137598357","https://openalex.org/W2138899136","https://openalex.org/W2139160528","https://openalex.org/W2140971489","https://openalex.org/W2145416564","https://openalex.org/W2146218629","https://openalex.org/W2148736789","https://openalex.org/W2157557193","https://openalex.org/W2163137257","https://openalex.org/W2170747949","https://openalex.org/W2174939835","https://openalex.org/W2297992966","https://openalex.org/W2478957367","https://openalex.org/W2499652312","https://openalex.org/W2764603128","https://openalex.org/W2789638995","https://openalex.org/W3200585040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2132550932","https://openalex.org/W7097712590","https://openalex.org/W4401720120","https://openalex.org/W776731735","https://openalex.org/W7101163533","https://openalex.org/W3082463927","https://openalex.org/W2544468365","https://openalex.org/W2545667785","https://openalex.org/W4229844196","https://openalex.org/W2106314530"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"has":[1],"an":[2],"important":[3,130],"role":[4,161],"in":[5,103,162,275,283,311],"supporting":[6],"scientific":[7,15,260,276,315],"work.":[8,91],"This":[9],"dissertation":[10],"studies":[11,38],"teams":[12,262],"that":[13,21,229,340],"build":[14,199],"software,":[16,285],"focusing":[17],"on":[18,181],"the":[19,25,52,63,89,111,139,154,166,171,237,247,284,299,338,341],"way":[20],"they":[22,108,189],"determine":[23],"what":[24,107],"software":[26,42,155,167,201,248,261,295,300],"should":[27],"do.":[28],"These":[29],"requirements":[30,206,216,235],"engineering":[31],"processes":[32],"are":[33,120,185,190],"investigated":[34],"through":[35],"three":[36],"case":[37],"of":[39,124,141,143,291,294,329,333],"climate":[40],"science":[41],"projects.":[43],"The":[44,92,176,194,267,289,331],"Earth":[45,53],"System":[46,54],"Modeling":[47],"Framework":[48],"assists":[49,230],"modeling":[50],"applications,":[51],"Grid":[55],"distributes":[56],"data":[57],"via":[58],"a":[59,104,121,145,151,159,200,256,292],"web":[60],"portal,":[61],"and":[62,77,83,99,106,131,135,157,169,187,227,233,245,278,286,306],"NCAR":[64],"(National":[65],"Center":[66],"for":[67,110,236,259,308,322],"Atmospheric":[68],"Research)":[69],"Command":[70],"Language":[71],"is":[72,96,255,271],"used":[73,86],"to":[74,87,165,197,204,209,214,243,249,264,281,313,345],"convert,":[75],"analyze":[76],"visualize":[78],"data.":[79],"Document":[80],"analysis,":[81],"observation,":[82],"interviews":[84],"were":[85],"investigate":[88],"requirements-related":[90],"first":[93],"research":[94,178,269],"question":[95,179,270],"about":[97,272],"how":[98,182,188,273],"why":[100],"stakeholders":[101],"engage":[102],"project,":[105],"do":[109],"project.":[112],"Two":[113],"key":[114],"findings":[115],"arise.":[116],"First,":[117],"user":[118,174,219,346],"counts":[119],"vital":[122,257],"measure":[123],"project":[125,183],"success,":[126],"which":[127],"makes":[128,132],"adoption":[129],"counting":[133],"tricky":[134],"political.":[136],"Second,":[137],"despite":[138],"importance":[140],"quantities":[142],"users,":[144,323],"few":[146],"particular":[147],"\u201cpower":[148],"users\u201d":[149],"develop":[150],"relationship":[152],"with":[153,231],"developers":[156,228],"play":[158],"special":[160],"providing":[163],"feedback":[164],"team":[168,195,301],"integrating":[170],"system":[172,202],"into":[173,192],"practice.":[175,193],"second":[177],"focuses":[180],"objectives":[184],"articulated":[186],"put":[191],"seeks":[196],"both":[198],"according":[203,213],"product":[205],"but":[207,324],"also":[208,240],"conduct":[210],"their":[211,250],"work":[212],"process":[215],"such":[217],"as":[218],"support.":[220],"Support":[221],"provides":[222,319],"essential":[223],"communication":[224],"between":[225],"users":[226,242,303],"refining":[232],"identifying":[234],"software.":[238],"It":[239],"helps":[241],"learn":[244],"apply":[246],"real":[251],"needs.":[252,347],"User":[253],"support":[254],"activity":[258],"aspiring":[263],"create":[265],"infrastructure.":[266],"third":[268],"change":[274],"practice":[277],"knowledge":[279],"leads":[280],"changes":[282,310],"vice":[287],"versa.":[288],"\u201cthickness\u201d":[290],"layer":[293],"infrastructure":[296,318,334,342],"impacts":[297],"whether":[298],"or":[302],"have":[304,344],"control":[305,328],"responsibility":[307],"making":[309],"response":[312],"new":[314],"ideas.":[316],"Thick":[317],"more":[320],"functionality":[321],"gives":[325],"them":[326],"less":[327],"it.":[330],"stability":[332],"trades":[335],"off":[336],"against":[337],"responsiveness":[339],"can":[343]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}