{"id":"https://openalex.org/W18940056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1171799","title":"Market and Policy Barriers for Demand Response Providing Ancillary Services in U.S. Markets","display_name":"Market and Policy Barriers for Demand Response Providing Ancillary Services in U.S. Markets","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W18940056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1171799","mag":"18940056"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/1171799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1171799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1171799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1171799","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147722939","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Environmental Energy Technologies Division","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005278082","display_name":"Peter A. Cappers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0542-4358","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0542-4358"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Cappers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147782779","display_name":"USDOE Office of Science (SC)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"USDOE Office of Science (SC)","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029430112","display_name":"Jason MacDonald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0298-5387","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0298-5387"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason MacDonald","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028223633","display_name":"Charles A Goldman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3117-4014","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3117-4014"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Goldman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9696999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9696999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.027899999171495438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13758","display_name":"Energy Law and Policy","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"demand response","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancillary-services","display_name":"ancillary services","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-barriers","display_name":"market barriers","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policy-barriers","display_name":"policy barriers","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-providers","display_name":"program providers","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balancing-authority","display_name":"balancing authority","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retail-electricity-market","display_name":"retail electricity market","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-regulation","display_name":"electricity regulation","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colorado","display_name":"Colorado","score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texas","display_name":"Texas","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wisconsin","display_name":"Wisconsin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-jersey","display_name":"New Jersey","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.7633371353149414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75795011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917904","display_name":"Typology","level":2,"score":0.7391268014907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6671366691589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5757580995559692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5133461356163025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.4944941997528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3737943768501282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.15966972708702087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11660769581794739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2172/1171799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1171799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1171799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1171799","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1171799","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1171799","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt03z4j5sg","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/03z4j5sg","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:qt03z4j5sg","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/03z4j5sg","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cappers, Peter. (2013). Market and Policy Barriers for Demand Response Providing Ancillary Services in U.S. Markets. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/03z4j5sg","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1171799","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1171799","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1171799","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.8970999717712402,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1286236842","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2293800358","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332360","funder_display_name":"Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2710243964","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE- AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332360","funder_display_name":"Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3083819904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3865881232","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333916","funder_display_name":"Office of Electricity"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5631728590","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DEAC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332357","funder_display_name":"Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G969889393","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332357","display_name":"Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability","ror":"https://ror.org/03rd4h240"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332360","display_name":"Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/02xznz413"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333916","display_name":"Office of Electricity","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337919","display_name":"Office of Energy Efficiency","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W18940056.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W18940056.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511871107","https://openalex.org/W1548414273","https://openalex.org/W1559080699","https://openalex.org/W1969570766","https://openalex.org/W1970920542","https://openalex.org/W1999913837","https://openalex.org/W2039292765","https://openalex.org/W2047268919","https://openalex.org/W2097392150","https://openalex.org/W2123011847","https://openalex.org/W2151419265","https://openalex.org/W2153520025","https://openalex.org/W2397399066","https://openalex.org/W2464560622","https://openalex.org/W2743095018","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046747815","https://openalex.org/W2397399066","https://openalex.org/W3126427391","https://openalex.org/W3111312673","https://openalex.org/W4404513581","https://openalex.org/W2351864376","https://openalex.org/W2274873269","https://openalex.org/W4405300254","https://openalex.org/W2206180702","https://openalex.org/W2050533859"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,120],"this":[1],"study,":[2],"we":[3],"attempt":[4],"to":[5,16,37,42,83,91,95,122,143,164],"provide":[6],"a":[7,44,60,72],"comprehensive":[8],"examination":[9],"of":[10,62,105],"various":[11,130],"market":[12,108,132],"and":[13,25,47,110,113,118,134,151],"policy":[14],"barriers":[15,39,63,100,128],"demand":[17],"response":[18],"providing":[19],"ancillary":[20,93],"services":[21,94],"in":[22,40,89,127,158],"both":[23],"ISO/RTO":[24],"non-ISO/RTO":[26],"regions,":[27],"especially":[28],"at":[29],"the":[30,96,125,156,165],"program":[31,73],"provider":[32,74],"level.":[33],"It":[34],"is":[35],"useful":[36],"classify":[38],"order":[41,90,121],"create":[43,84],"holistic":[45],"understanding":[46],"identify":[48],"parties":[49],"that":[50,68],"could":[51],"be":[52],"responsible":[53],"for":[54],"their":[55,135],"removal.":[56],"This":[57],"study":[58],"develops":[59],"typology":[61],"focusing":[64],"on":[65,71],"smaller":[66],"customers":[67],"must":[69],"rely":[70],"(i.e.,":[75],"electric":[76],"investor":[77],"owned":[78],"utility":[79],"or":[80],"IOU,":[81],"ARC)":[82],"an":[85],"aggregated":[86],"DR":[87],"resource":[88],"bring":[92],"balancing":[97],"authority.ii":[98],"The":[99],"were":[101,141],"identified":[102,166],"through":[103],"examinations":[104],"regulatory":[106],"structures,":[107],"environments,":[109,138],"product":[111],"offerings;":[112],"discussions":[114],"with":[115],"industry":[116],"stakeholders":[117],"regulators.":[119],"help":[123],"illustrate":[124],"differences":[126],"among":[129],"wholesale":[131],"designs":[133],"constituent":[136],"retail":[137],"four":[139],"regions":[140],"chosen":[142],"use":[144],"as":[145,161],"case":[146],"studies:":[147],"Colorado,":[148],"Texas,":[149],"Wisconsin,":[150],"New":[152],"Jersey.":[153],"We":[154],"highlight":[155],"experience":[157],"each":[159],"area":[160],"it":[162],"relates":[163],"barriers.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}