{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1892275503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4468","title":"Disparities in Time Spent Seeking Medical Care in the United States","display_name":"Disparities in Time Spent Seeking Medical Care in the United States","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1892275503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4468","mag":"1892275503","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26437386","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5055855"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4468","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4468","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/articlepdf/2451279/ild150037.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65364685","display_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","issn_l":"2168-6106","issn":["2168-6106","2168-6114"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/articlepdf/2451279/ild150037.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087953888","display_name":"Kristin N. Ray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3817-1449","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3817-1449"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kristin N. Ray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040009364","display_name":"Amalavoyal V. Chari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162608824","display_name":"University of Sussex","ror":"https://ror.org/00ayhx656","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amalavoyal V. Chari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Brighton, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Brighton, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086184186","display_name":"John Engberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4212-3538","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4212-3538"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1309849503","display_name":"RAND Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/00f2z7n96","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Engberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045145969","display_name":"Marnie H. Bertolet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5799-9033","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5799-9033"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marnie Bertolet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089231171","display_name":"Ateev Mehrotra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2223-1582","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2223-1582"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ateev Mehrotra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087953888"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.1894,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":145,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98223511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"175","issue":"12","first_page":"1983","last_page":"1983"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.9229000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.9229000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.043699998408555984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13633","display_name":"Public Health and Social Inequalities","score":0.010300000198185444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-access","display_name":"health care access","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-medical-care","display_name":"time to medical care","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-and-ethnic-disparities","display_name":"racial and ethnic disparities","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-inequality","display_name":"socioeconomic disparities","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-inequality","display_name":"educational inequality","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unemployment","display_name":"unemployment","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waiting-time","display_name":"waiting time","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-time-use-survey","display_name":"American Time Use Survey","score":0.7670000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9616105556488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.7257257103919983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.5006563663482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018838755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Medical care","level":2,"score":0.47667908668518066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4113801121711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.40539562702178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3325576186180115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010342","descriptor_name":"Patient Acceptance of Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011159","descriptor_name":"Population Surveillance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011785","descriptor_name":"Quality Assurance, Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054624","descriptor_name":"Health Status Disparities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054625","descriptor_name":"Healthcare Disparities","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4468","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4468","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/articlepdf/2451279/ild150037.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65364685","display_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","issn_l":"2168-6106","issn":["2168-6106","2168-6114"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26437386","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26437386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA internal medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5055855","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5055855","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Intern Med","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4468","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4468","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/articlepdf/2451279/ild150037.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65364685","display_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","issn_l":"2168-6106","issn":["2168-6106","2168-6114"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.8974000215530396},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3514589346","display_name":"PATIENT-CENTERED OUTCOMES RESEARCH (PCOR) SCHOLARS PROGRAM","funder_award_id":"K12HS022989","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332177","funder_display_name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5664278136","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Clinical and Translational Science Institute","funder_award_id":"UL1TR000005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6058051699","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T32HP22240","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","funder_display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G610715896","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T32HP22240","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332175","funder_display_name":"Health Resources and Services Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7365099706","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K12HS022989","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306268","display_name":"California Health Care Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02se70931"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332175","display_name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/033jnv181"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332177","display_name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","ror":"https://ror.org/03jmfdf59"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337472","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1892275503.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1892275503.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1839239336","https://openalex.org/W2058748418","https://openalex.org/W2504918785"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7037331755","https://openalex.org/W2504918785","https://openalex.org/W3208911503","https://openalex.org/W3142318510","https://openalex.org/W49405627","https://openalex.org/W4379984837","https://openalex.org/W4307730184","https://openalex.org/W2154365995","https://openalex.org/W3199051495","https://openalex.org/W2744257400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"Research":[1],"Letter":[2],"examined":[3],"data":[4],"from":[5],"the":[6],"American":[7],"Time":[8],"Use":[9],"Survey":[10],"and":[11,31],"found":[12],"that":[13],"time":[14],"waiting":[15],"for":[16,24],"or":[17],"obtaining":[18],"medical":[19],"care":[20],"was":[21],"significantly":[22],"longer":[23],"racial/ethnic":[25],"minorities,":[26],"individuals":[27,32],"with":[28],"less":[29],"education,":[30],"who":[33],"are":[34],"unemployed.":[35]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
