{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1890939629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00672708609511366","title":"The Irrigation and Manuring of the Engaruka Field System","display_name":"The Irrigation and Manuring of the Engaruka Field System","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1890939629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00672708609511366","mag":"1890939629"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00672708609511366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00672708609511366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00672708609511366","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5354126","display_name":"Azania Archaeological Research in Africa","issn_l":"0067-270X","issn":["0067-270X","1945-5534"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110307489","display_name":"J. E. G. Sutton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. E.G. Sutton","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110307489"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.455,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7918552,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"27","last_page":"51"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14160","display_name":"Water management and technologies","score":0.5903000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14160","display_name":"Water management and technologies","score":0.5903000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13939","display_name":"Archaeology and Natural History","score":0.301800012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10087","display_name":"Archaeology and ancient environmental studies","score":0.08079999685287476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1911","display_name":"Paleontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation","display_name":"irrigation","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manure-application","display_name":"manure application","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-systems","display_name":"field systems","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-agriculture","display_name":"ancient agriculture","score":0.5559999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.625569224357605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.590064287185669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4120393395423889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.40934622287750244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524765639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501619","display_name":"Water resource management","level":1,"score":0.37383565306663513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2975999116897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.2356126606464386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.19047465920448303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16449666023254395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.09745332598686218}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00672708609511366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00672708609511366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00672708609511366","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5354126","display_name":"Azania Archaeological Research in Africa","issn_l":"0067-270X","issn":["0067-270X","1945-5534"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6735000014305115,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2075623580","https://openalex.org/W2079680758","https://openalex.org/W3169060050","https://openalex.org/W2019270739","https://openalex.org/W2167903150","https://openalex.org/W1986239117","https://openalex.org/W7126140709","https://openalex.org/W2106264799","https://openalex.org/W4249482720","https://openalex.org/W2329757229"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
