{"id":"https://openalex.org/W189031346","doi":null,"title":"Thermochemical production of ammonia using sunlight, air, water and biomass","display_name":"Thermochemical production of ammonia using sunlight, air, water and biomass","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W189031346","mag":"189031346"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:krex.k-state.edu:2097/13823","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13823","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13823","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402339","display_name":"K-State Research Exchange (Kansas State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189590672","host_organization_name":"Kansas State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13823","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025695635","display_name":"Ronald Michalsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9535-2871","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9535-2871"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45155027","display_name":"Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen","ror":"https://ror.org/02qdc9985","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45155027"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michalsky, Ronald","raw_affiliation_strings":["(FH) , University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen , Giessen , Germany, 2008","Dipl.-Ing. (FH) , University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen , Giessen , Germany, 2008"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(FH) , University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen , Giessen , Germany, 2008","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45155027"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipl.-Ing. (FH) , University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen , Giessen , Germany, 2008","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45155027"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025695635"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45155027"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12112","display_name":"Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction","score":0.8515999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1503","display_name":"Catalysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12112","display_name":"Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction","score":0.8515999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1503","display_name":"Catalysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11802","display_name":"Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes","score":0.1454000025987625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10078","display_name":"Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ammonia-synthesis","display_name":"ammonia synthesis","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concentrated-solar-radiation","display_name":"concentrated solar radiation","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition-metal-nitrides","display_name":"transition metal nitrides","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manganese-nitride","display_name":"manganese nitride","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molybdenum-nitride","display_name":"molybdenum nitride","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-diffusion","display_name":"nitrogen diffusion","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-recovery","display_name":"nitrogen recovery","score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-carrier","display_name":"hydrogen carrier","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fertilization","display_name":"nitrogen fertilization","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-simulation","display_name":"process simulation","score":0.6639999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170853661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193788","display_name":"Sunlight","level":2,"score":0.6680020093917847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.609309196472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.5771712064743042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5668558478355408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776382133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4087","display_name":"Ammonia","level":2,"score":0.4992542266845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181258405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3961934","display_name":"Ammonia production","level":3,"score":0.47043153643608093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.45846426486968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.4229852259159088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.41524338722229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019268976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18537","display_name":"Biomass burning","level":3,"score":0.41068243980407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.29848259687423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19100415706634521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.17268189787864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13883432745933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09737226366996765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.08108097314834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.06705495715141296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.06566888093948364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.06266224384307861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:krex.k-state.edu:2097/13823","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13823","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13823","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402339","display_name":"K-State Research Exchange (Kansas State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189590672","host_organization_name":"Kansas State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:krex.k-state.edu:2097/13823","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13823","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13823","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402339","display_name":"K-State Research Exchange (Kansas State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189590672","host_organization_name":"Kansas State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9853000044822693,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"},{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5351999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W189031346.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W189031346.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W220589034","https://openalex.org/W571043290","https://openalex.org/W1531856706","https://openalex.org/W1607782236","https://openalex.org/W1970511531","https://openalex.org/W1976582328","https://openalex.org/W1976833062","https://openalex.org/W1979884364","https://openalex.org/W1981670493","https://openalex.org/W1982496166","https://openalex.org/W1998235224","https://openalex.org/W2000720029","https://openalex.org/W2014157742","https://openalex.org/W2016054842","https://openalex.org/W2022596067","https://openalex.org/W2034002196","https://openalex.org/W2043587338","https://openalex.org/W2048110396","https://openalex.org/W2052076617","https://openalex.org/W2052947010","https://openalex.org/W2058463518","https://openalex.org/W2066179182","https://openalex.org/W2072506274","https://openalex.org/W2073880449","https://openalex.org/W2077627974","https://openalex.org/W2085109032","https://openalex.org/W2094810581","https://openalex.org/W2175999181","https://openalex.org/W2200902753","https://openalex.org/W2334391497","https://openalex.org/W2476478956"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6987302386","https://openalex.org/W2809273068","https://openalex.org/W4388475338","https://openalex.org/W6071115","https://openalex.org/W4293163295","https://openalex.org/W2530974056","https://openalex.org/W7029958268","https://openalex.org/W4401787167","https://openalex.org/W2275581150","https://openalex.org/W7045451858"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Approximately":[0],"45%":[1],"of":[2,18,30,55,60,83,104,128,197,222,237,260,273,291,299],"the":[3,19,28,56,81,101,110,119,123,139,156,223,257,267,271,277,289,300,304],"global":[4,20],"hydrogen":[5,146],"production":[6,59,248],"(from":[7],"fossil":[8,90],"fuels":[9],"such":[10],"as":[11,25,64,170,232],"natural":[12],"gas":[13],"or":[14,63,67,263],"coal":[15],"totaling":[16],"2%":[17],"energy":[21],"generation)":[22],"is":[23,75,95,143],"absorbed":[24],"feedstock":[26,62],"in":[27,303],"synthesis":[29,82,242],"over":[31],"130":[32],"million":[33],"metric":[34],"tons":[35],"ammonia":[36,84],"(NH":[37],"3":[38,74,153,163,214,234,241],")":[39],"annually.To":[40],"achieve":[41],"food":[42],"security":[43],"for":[44,52,58,72,122,160,270,294],"a":[45,105,114,132,136,171,238,261],"growing":[46],"world":[47],"population":[48],"and":[49,88,165,194,253],"to":[50,77,97,109,151,207,283],"allow":[51],"additional":[53],"uses":[54],"nitrogen-fertilizer":[57],"bioenergy":[61],"combustion":[65],"fuel":[66],"H":[68,148],"2":[69,130,149,185],"carrier":[70],"-demand":[71],"NH":[73,152,162,213,233,240],"projected":[76],"increase.This":[78],"work":[79],"pursues":[80],"at":[85,192,205,243],"atmospheric":[86],"pressure":[87],"without":[89],"fuel.Conceptually,":[91],"concentrated":[92],"solar":[93],"radiation":[94],"utilized":[96],"transfer":[98],"electrons":[99],"from":[100,147,215,226],"lattice":[102,141,279],"oxygen":[103],"transition":[106,133,157],"metal":[107,111,134,158],"oxide":[108,159],"ion.This":[112],"yields":[113],"metallic":[115],"reactant":[116,173],"that":[117],"provides":[118],"reducing":[120],"power":[121],"subsequent":[124],"six-electron":[125],"reductive":[126],"cleavage":[127],"N":[129],"forming":[131],"nitride.In":[135],"second":[137],"reaction,":[138],"generated":[140],"nitrogen":[142,189,202,224,280],"hydrogenated":[144],"with":[145,174,276],"O":[150],".This":[154],"furnishes":[155],"perpetuated":[161],"synthesis.Theory":[164],"experimentation":[166],"identified":[167],"manganese":[168,216],"nitride":[169,228],"promising":[172],"fast":[175],"diffusion":[176,190,268],"characteristics":[177],"(8":[178],"\u00b1":[179,199,210,219],"4":[180],"x":[181],"10":[182],"-9":[183],"cm":[184],"s":[186],"-1":[187],"apparent":[188],"constant":[191],"750\u00b0C)":[193],"efficient":[195],"liberation":[196],"89":[198],"1":[200],"mol%":[201,212,221],"via":[203],"hydrolysis":[204,272],"500\u00b0C.Opposed":[206],"only":[208],"2.9":[209],"0.2":[211],"nitride,":[217],"60":[218],"8":[220],"liberated":[225],"molybdenum":[227],"could":[229],"be":[230],"recovered":[231],".Process":[235],"simulation":[236],"Mo-based":[239,264],"500-1200\u00b0C":[244],"estimates":[245],"economically":[246],"attractive":[247],"under":[249],"fairly":[250],"conservative":[251],"process":[252],"market":[254],"conditions.To":[255],"aid":[256],"prospective":[258],"design":[259],"Mn":[262],"reactant,":[265],"correlating":[266],"constants":[269],"seven":[274],"nitrides":[275],"average":[278],"charge":[281],"(9.96-68.83%,relative":[282],"an":[284,296],"ideal":[285],"ionic":[286],"solid)":[287],"indicates":[288],"utility":[290],"first-principle":[292],"calculations":[293],"developing":[295],"atomic-scale":[297],"understanding":[298],"reaction":[301],"mechanism":[302],"future.":[305]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}