{"id":"https://openalex.org/W187806485","doi":null,"title":"Extraction and Characterization of Essential Oil From Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) by Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation","display_name":"Extraction and Characterization of Essential Oil From Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) by Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W187806485","mag":"187806485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:187806485","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://umpir.ump.edu.my/5558/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028736636","display_name":"Abdurahman Hamid Nour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-3761","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-3761","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1924-094X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7121-5311"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdurahman Hamid Nour","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-3761","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002452283","display_name":"Ranitha Mathialagan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranitha Mathialagan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057612281","display_name":"H. Nour Azhari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1425-0716","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1425-0716"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Nour Azhari","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1425-0716","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064697606","display_name":"Sulaiman Ahmad Ziad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sulaiman Ahmad Ziad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12181","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Research","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12270","display_name":"Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Applications","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lemongrass","display_name":"Cymbopogon citratus","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/essential-oil-extraction","display_name":"essential oil extraction","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-assisted-hydrodistillation","display_name":"microwave-assisted hydrodistillation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-power","display_name":"microwave power","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraction-time","display_name":"extraction time","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/essential-oil-yield","display_name":"essential oil yield","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citral","display_name":"citral","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myrcene","display_name":"myrcene","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/borneol","display_name":"borneol","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-extraction","display_name":"green extraction","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraction-optimization","display_name":"extraction optimization","score":0.4230000078678131}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779627925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33913","display_name":"Cymbopogon citratus","level":3,"score":0.9947343468666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781370763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60176530","display_name":"Citral","level":3,"score":0.90157151222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777278459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170885","display_name":"Essential oil","level":2,"score":0.8110166788101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63663721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164392","display_name":"Steam distillation","level":3,"score":0.6384800672531128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.582523763179779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.507293164730072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3426239788532257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.2981685400009155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.1743866503238678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.06061229109764099}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:187806485","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://umpir.ump.edu.my/5558/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975510523","https://openalex.org/W2001309714"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7037929832","https://openalex.org/W2090884308","https://openalex.org/W2189458126","https://openalex.org/W612465960","https://openalex.org/W2412128073","https://openalex.org/W7018036382","https://openalex.org/W7099450928","https://openalex.org/W2949812667","https://openalex.org/W3196908392","https://openalex.org/W7099274384"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,116,213,231,244],"increasing":[1],"demand":[2],"of":[3,20,33,66,80,104,109,118,160,168,210,220,238,295],"essential":[4,81,110,148,211,218,236,299],"oil":[5,41,82,111,149,190,219,237,246,300],"has":[6,143,268],"opened":[7],"up":[8],"\r\nwide":[9],"opportunities":[10],"for":[11,77,146,157],"global":[12],"marketing":[13],"and":[14,36,86,92,128,229,289],"this":[15,266],"leads":[16],"to":[17,50,89,100,130,164,198],"the":[18,29,70,78,102,107,139,189,201,208,217,235,298],"requirement":[19],"competitive":[21],"product":[22],"in":[23,31,106,216,234,297],"market":[24],"which":[25,122,184],"comes":[26],"with":[27,69,276],"all":[28],"advantages":[30],"term":[32],"cost,":[34],"quality":[35],"its":[37,90,177],"production":[38,150,301],"time.":[39],"Essential":[40],"is":[42,48],"a":[43,52,137,277,285],"volatile":[44],"component.":[45],"Therefore,":[46],"it":[47],"vital":[49],"identify":[51],"best":[53,140],"extraction":[54,79,108,126,161,256,267],"technique.":[55],"Microwave-assisted":[56],"hydrodistillation":[57],"(MAHD),":[58],"an":[59],"advanced":[60],"distillation":[61],"method":[62,288],"that":[63,142,200],"take":[64],"advantage":[65],"microwave":[67,124,155,202],"heating":[68],"conventional":[71],"hydrodistillation,":[72],"recently":[73],"been":[74,144,193,269],"widely":[75],"used":[76],"from":[83,112,180,248],"medicinal":[84],"plants":[85],"herbs":[87],"due":[88],"economic":[91],"green":[93],"technology.":[94],"This":[95,170,280],"study":[96],"was":[97,173,185,242,252],"carried":[98],"out":[99],"determine":[101],"performance":[103],"MAHD":[105,283],"Lemongrass":[113,181,221,239,249],"(Cymbopogon":[114,182,222,240,250],"Citratus).":[115],"effect":[117,260],"three":[119],"main":[120],"factors":[121],"were":[123,134,151,224],"power,":[125],"time":[127],"water":[129,163],"raw":[131,165],"material":[132,166],"ratio":[133,167],"investigated.":[135],"As":[136],"result,":[138],"condition":[141,172],"determined":[145],"maximum":[147,178,245],"under":[152],"250":[153],"W":[154],"power":[156],"90":[158],"minutes":[159],"at":[162,254],"8:1.":[169],"optimum":[171],"finalized":[174],"based":[175],"on":[176,261],"yield":[179,247],"Citratus)":[183,223],"1.37%":[186],"(w/w).":[187],"Then,":[188],"samples":[191],"have":[192],"analyzed":[194],"by":[195],"using":[196],"GC-MS":[197],"authenticate":[199],"irradiation":[203],"did":[204],"not":[205],"adversely":[206],"influence":[207],"composition":[209],"oils.":[212],"components":[214],"detected":[215],"Citral,":[225,227],"(Z)":[226],"\u03b2-mycrene":[228],"Borneol.":[230],"dominant":[232],"component":[233],"citratus)":[241,251],"Citral.":[243],"obtained":[253],"shorter":[255],"period":[257],"without":[258,272],"significant":[259,278],"their":[262],"chemical":[263,274],"constituents.":[264],"Moreover,":[265],"successfully":[270],"done":[271],"any":[273],"aid":[275],"yield.":[279],"may":[281],"prove":[282],"as":[284],"cost":[286],"effective":[287],"also":[290],"expected":[291],"would":[292],"bring":[293],"volume":[294],"worth":[296],"industry.":[302]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-24T07:57:37.273135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}