{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1877790691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.9.1793","title":"Albuminuria in people at least 40 years old: effect of alcohol consumption, regular exercise, and cigarette smoking","display_name":"Albuminuria in people at least 40 years old: effect of alcohol consumption, regular exercise, and cigarette smoking","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1877790691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.9.1793","mag":"1877790691","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8375049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/clinchem/39.9.1793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.9.1793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.9.1793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139212996","display_name":"Clinical Chemistry","issn_l":"0009-9147","issn":["0009-9147","1530-8561"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320272","host_organization_name":"American Association for Clinical Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for Clinical Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111799259","display_name":"P A Metcalf","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P A Metcalf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001549960","display_name":"John Robert Baker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3379-4751","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3379-4751"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J R Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043043565","display_name":"Robert K.R. Scragg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-2620","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-2620"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R K Scragg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000691718","display_name":"Evan W. Dryson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E Dryson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048354773","display_name":"Alexander J. Scott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6719-0417","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6719-0417"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A J Scott","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033663894","display_name":"C. J. Wild","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0115-6448","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0115-6448"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C J Wild","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"],"apc_list":{"value":4636,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4636},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7009,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93213685,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"9","first_page":"1793","last_page":"1797"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.7387999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.7387999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11207","display_name":"Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects","score":0.12160000205039978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10144","display_name":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies","score":0.03020000085234642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/albuminuria","display_name":"albuminuria","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcohol-consumption","display_name":"alcohol consumption","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cigarette-smoking","display_name":"cigarette smoking","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise","display_name":"physical activity","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lifestyle-factors","display_name":"lifestyle factors","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-risk","display_name":"cardiovascular risk","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-screening","display_name":"health screening","score":0.3630000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974792","display_name":"Albuminuria","level":3,"score":0.8849310874938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6604271531105042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.653532087802887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019635848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154","display_name":"Alcohol consumption","level":3,"score":0.5054147243499756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781066024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156","display_name":"Alcohol","level":2,"score":0.49932193756103516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.49622923135757446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019085024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7212330","display_name":"Cigarette smoking","level":2,"score":0.4753789007663727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.38039880990982056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3038818836212158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.18560513854026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.06620582938194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000419","descriptor_name":"Albuminuria","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000419","descriptor_name":"Albuminuria","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000428","descriptor_name":"Alcohol Drinking","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008403","descriptor_name":"Mass Screening","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009520","descriptor_name":"New Zealand","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015999","descriptor_name":"Multivariate Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/clinchem/39.9.1793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.9.1793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.9.1793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139212996","display_name":"Clinical Chemistry","issn_l":"0009-9147","issn":["0009-9147","1530-8561"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320272","host_organization_name":"American Association for Clinical Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for Clinical Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8375049","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8375049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical chemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.613.1775","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.613.1775","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.clinchem.org/content/39/9/1793.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1519050139","https://openalex.org/W1982972708","https://openalex.org/W2032605517"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099601909","https://openalex.org/W4389001074","https://openalex.org/W2916704573","https://openalex.org/W4232934229","https://openalex.org/W2416805278","https://openalex.org/W2063192729","https://openalex.org/W4415792879","https://openalex.org/W2497803512","https://openalex.org/W1979408237","https://openalex.org/W4328025133"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,116],"investigated":[1],"the":[2],"relation":[3],"between":[4],"albuminuria":[5,31,80,120],"and":[6,15,39,58,69,92,103,127],"life-style":[7,71],"factors":[8],"in":[9,19,44],"5670":[10],"people,":[11],"ages":[12],"40":[13],"years":[14],"over,":[16],"who":[17],"participated":[18],"a":[20,25],"health":[21],"screening":[22],"survey":[23],"of":[24,30,56,78,87,114,138,140],"local":[26],"workforce.":[27],"The":[28],"degree":[29],"showed":[32],"piecewise":[33],"log-linear":[34],"relationships":[35],"with":[36,42,51,90,97,124,132],"alcohol":[37,129],"consumption":[38],"cigarette":[40,94,125],"smoking,":[41],"changes":[43],"slope":[45],"(and":[46],"95%":[47],"confidence":[48,76],"interval)":[49,77],"corresponding":[50],"5":[52],"(2,":[53],"8)":[54],"g":[55,86],"alcohol/day":[57,88],"10":[59],"(6,":[60],"14)":[61],"cigarettes/day.":[62],"After":[63],"adjusting":[64],"for":[65,81,93],"age,":[66],"gender,":[67],"ethnicity,":[68],"other":[70],"variables,":[72],"relative":[73],"risks":[74],"(95%":[75],"slight":[79,119],"people":[82],"consuming":[83],">":[84],"32":[85],"compared":[89,96],"nondrinkers,":[91],"smokers":[95],"nonsmokers,":[98],"were":[99],"1.74":[100],"(1.02,":[101],"2.98)":[102],"1.37":[104],"(1.01,":[105],"1.88),":[106],"respectively.":[107],"However,":[108],"there":[109],"was":[110],"no":[111],"significant":[112],"effect":[113],"exercise.":[115],"conclude":[117],"that":[118],"is":[121],"significantly":[122],"associated":[123],"smoking":[126],"heavy":[128],"consumption,":[130],"consistent":[131],"its":[133],"role":[134],"as":[135],"an":[136],"index":[137],"risk":[139],"cardiovascular":[141],"disease.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}