{"id":"https://openalex.org/W18733565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.317.7154.344","title":"Passive smoking and heart disease","display_name":"Passive smoking and heart disease","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W18733565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.317.7154.344","mag":"18733565","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9685290","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1113639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7154.344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.317.7154.344","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.317.7154.344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393911389","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0007-1447","issn":["0007-1447","0267-0623","1468-5833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1113639","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066564525","display_name":"Maurice E. LeVois","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurice E LeVois","raw_affiliation_strings":["M E LeVois and M W Layard hold outside consultancies with the Tobacco Institute, 1901 K Street, Washington, DC 20001, USA","Sutton, Surrey SM2 5DA*Peter Lee acts as a consultant to the tobacco industry"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"M E LeVois and M W Layard hold outside consultancies with the Tobacco Institute, 1901 K Street, Washington, DC 20001, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sutton, Surrey SM2 5DA*Peter Lee acts as a consultant to the tobacco industry","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072487682","display_name":"Maxwell W. Layard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maxwell W Layard","raw_affiliation_strings":["M E LeVois and M W Layard hold outside consultancies with the Tobacco Institute, 1901 K Street, Washington, DC 20001, USA","Sutton, Surrey SM2 5DA*Peter Lee acts as a consultant to the tobacco industry"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"M E LeVois and M W Layard hold outside consultancies with the Tobacco Institute, 1901 K Street, Washington, DC 20001, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sutton, Surrey SM2 5DA*Peter Lee acts as a consultant to the tobacco industry","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5255,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69563298,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"317","issue":"7154","first_page":"344","last_page":"344"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13522","display_name":"Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11083","display_name":"Cardiac Health and Mental Health","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-smoking","display_name":"passive smoking","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-tobacco-smoke","display_name":"environmental tobacco smoke","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronary-artery-disease","display_name":"coronary artery disease","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spousal-smoking","display_name":"spousal smoking","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-industry-funding","display_name":"tobacco industry funding","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-response-relationship","display_name":"dose-response relationship","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-cancer-society","display_name":"American Cancer Society","score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-risk","display_name":"relative risk","score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-health","display_name":"women's health","score":0.39800000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777495918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196129","display_name":"Spouse","level":2,"score":0.6535303592681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6425153017044067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5221360325813293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.4629107117652893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.4582286775112152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3548043370246887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.3210493326187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.23449650406837463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.11948207020759583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.09627819061279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003327","descriptor_name":"Coronary Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003627","descriptor_name":"Data Interpretation, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014028","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Smoke Pollution","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015201","descriptor_name":"Meta-Analysis as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016022","descriptor_name":"Case-Control Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7154.344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.317.7154.344","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.317.7154.344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393911389","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0007-1447","issn":["0007-1447","0267-0623","1468-5833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1782867","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1113639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1113639","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1113639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:9685290","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9685290","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)","raw_type":"Letter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:bmj:317/7154/344","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/317/7154/344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1782867","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1113639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.979200005531311}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W110946735","https://openalex.org/W1965292412","https://openalex.org/W2017037449","https://openalex.org/W2023091797","https://openalex.org/W2041350464","https://openalex.org/W2050025296","https://openalex.org/W2061420485","https://openalex.org/W2061792858","https://openalex.org/W2088712620","https://openalex.org/W2110310285","https://openalex.org/W2156611813"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969430464","https://openalex.org/W2316007655","https://openalex.org/W7095694374","https://openalex.org/W2884263341","https://openalex.org/W2158395847","https://openalex.org/W2142082271","https://openalex.org/W2110810426","https://openalex.org/W4248113385","https://openalex.org/W2041350464","https://openalex.org/W2052440420"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Editor\u2014In":[0],"their":[1,73,123,173,406],"meta-analysis":[2,74,124],"Law":[3,69,99,145,436],"et":[4,70,100,146,176,195,210,277,383,437],"al1-1":[5],"reject":[6,39],"results":[7,41,98,203,212,221,269,420,466],"we":[8,149,290],"published1-2,1-3":[9],"on":[10,394,421,467],"environmental":[11,316,395,422,468],"tobacco":[12,61,317,396,423,469],"smoke":[13,318,397,424,470],"and":[14,32,53,78,114,165,171,259,319,338,398,425,446,464,471],"coronary":[15,81,107,320,341,362,399,426,472],"heart":[16,82,108,321,342,363,400,427,473],"disease,":[17,428],"using":[18],"data":[19,49,113,140,159,181,191,374,393],"from":[20,50,80,106,160,182,340],"the":[21,28,33,60,130,152,157,161,166,183,225,239,366,373,391,418,433,440,450,459],"two":[22,388],"large":[23],"cancer":[24,85,185,227,368],"prevention":[25,86,186,228,369],"studies":[26,52,218,455],"by":[27,59,68,193,275],"American":[29,162],"Cancer":[30,163],"Society":[31,164],"national":[34,167],"mortality":[35,79,168],"followback":[36,169],"survey.":[37],"They":[38,118,199],"our":[40,46,55,97,180,202],"because":[42,54],"they":[43,154],"disagree":[44,188],"with":[45,110,190,208,325],"interpretation":[47,407],"of":[48,75,129,298,308,349,361,387,390,408],"other":[51,409],"analysis":[56],"was":[57],"funded":[58],"industry":[62],"(table":[63],"\u200b(table1).1).":[64],"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nTable":[65],"1\r\n\r\nData":[66],"rejected":[67],"al":[71,101,147,278,438],"for":[72,136,204,213,222,242,253,260,303,375,429],"spousal":[76,111,336,453],"smoking":[77,112,337,454],"disease":[83,109,322,343,364,401],"in":[84,224,323,344,365,417,449],"study":[87,187,229,444],"I.1-2":[88],"Values":[89],"are":[90,231,270],"relative":[91,240,296,447],"risks":[92],"(95%":[93,247],"confidence":[94,248],"intervals)\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nBy":[95],"excluding":[96],"discard":[102],"16\u2009280":[103],"relevant":[104,378,392],"deaths":[105],"retain":[115],"6600":[116],"cases.":[117],"give":[119,294],"no":[120,332],"hint":[121],"that":[122,179],"includes":[125],"under":[126],"a":[127,234,295,311,326,350],"third":[128],"available":[131],"published":[132,452,463],"data.":[133,410],"The":[134],"reasons":[135],"rejecting":[137],"so":[138],"many":[139,356],"should":[141,155],"be":[142,245],"considered.":[143],"If":[144],"believe":[148],"have":[150,291,412],"misrepresented":[151],"data,":[153],"analyse":[156],"same":[158],"survey,":[170],"report":[172,310],"results.":[174],"\r\n\r\nLaw":[175,382],"al\u2019s":[177,211,384],"argument":[178],"second":[184,226,367],"appreciably":[189],"reported":[192,274],"Steenland":[194,209,276],"al1-4":[196],"is":[197,331],"wrong.1-5":[198],"incorrectly":[200],"compare":[201],"ever-smoking":[205],"spouse":[206,215],"exposure":[207],"current-smoking":[214],"exposure.":[216],"Both":[217],"present":[219],"comparable":[220],"subjects":[223],"who":[230],"married":[232],"to":[233,244,251,257,266,272,282,287,293,301,379],"current":[235],"smoker.":[236],"We":[237,411],"calculate":[238],"risk":[241,297,448],"men":[243,359],"1.30":[246],"interval":[249],"1.11":[250],"1.51),":[252],"women":[254,284,357,376],"1.08":[255],"(0.89":[256],"1.32),":[258],"both":[261,304],"sexes":[262],"combined":[263,292],"1.21":[264],"(1.07":[265,281],"1.37).":[267],"These":[268],"similar":[271],"those":[273],"(men":[279],"1.22":[280],"1.40),":[283],"1.10":[285],"(0.96":[286],"1.27)),1-4":[288],"which":[289,371],"1.16":[299],"(1.05":[300],"1.27)":[302],"sexes.":[305],"\r\n\r\nBoth":[306],"sets":[307],"analyses":[309],"barely":[312],"significant":[313,333,414,441,460],"association":[314,334,442],"between":[315,335,443,462],"men,":[324],"negative":[327],"dose":[328,351],"response.":[329,352],"There":[330],"death":[339],"women,":[345],"nor":[346],"any":[347,380],"sign":[348],"Nearly":[353],"twice":[354],"as":[355,358,456,458],"died":[360],"study,":[370],"makes":[372],"particularly":[377],"meta-analysis.":[381],"selective":[385],"rejection":[386],"thirds":[389],"raises":[402],"additional":[403],"questions":[404],"about":[405],"noted":[413],"publication":[415],"bias":[416],"pooled":[419],"example.1-2":[430],"In":[431],"reaching":[432],"opposite":[434],"conclusion,":[435],"ignore":[439],"size":[445],"previously":[451],"well":[457],"difference":[461],"unpublished":[465],"disease.":[474]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}