{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1872569578","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.98.1.76","title":"Late Dose-Response Effects of Prenatal Cocaine Exposure on Newborn Neurobehavioral Performance","display_name":"Late Dose-Response Effects of Prenatal Cocaine Exposure on Newborn Neurobehavioral Performance","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1872569578","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.98.1.76","mag":"1872569578","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8668416"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1542/peds.98.1.76","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.98.1.76","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.98.1.76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77494981","display_name":"PEDIATRICS","issn_l":"0031-4005","issn":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315734","host_organization_name":"American Academy of Pediatrics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315734"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Academy of Pediatrics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2373273","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052619962","display_name":"Edward Z. Tronick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7158-5593","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7158-5593"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward Z. Tronick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Children\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Children\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032561965","display_name":"Deborah A. Frank","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2178-0865","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2178-0865"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deborah A. Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045667842","display_name":"Howard Cabral","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-8331","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-8331"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard Cabral","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111552276","display_name":"Mark H. Mirochnick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3600-1502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3600-1502"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Mirochnick","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062958512","display_name":"BARRY S. ZUCKERMAN","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0044-2592","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0044-2592"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barry Zuckerman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.0829,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":150,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.991178,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"98","issue":"1","first_page":"76","last_page":"83"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11633","display_name":"Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11633","display_name":"Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11060","display_name":"Infant Development and Preterm Care","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10786","display_name":"Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prenatal-cocaine-exposure","display_name":"prenatal cocaine exposure","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-response-relationship","display_name":"dose-response relationship","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brazelton-neonatal-behavioral-assessment-scale","display_name":"Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-regulation","display_name":"government regulation","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/excitability","display_name":"excitability","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term-infants","display_name":"term infants","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-substance-use","display_name":"maternal substance use","score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arousal-regulation","display_name":"arousal regulation","score":0.47999998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9426793456077576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.723166286945343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780985857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937557","display_name":"Meconium","level":4,"score":0.6365386843681335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122048520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2913954","display_name":"Percentile","level":2,"score":0.6157997250556946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778376644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2253111","display_name":"Gestational age","level":3,"score":0.5911892652511597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.5593379735946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018923374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Prenatal exposure","level":4,"score":0.5393739342689514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201614185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396833","display_name":"In utero","level":4,"score":0.5382757782936096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7240522","display_name":"Prenatal cocaine exposure","level":5,"score":0.53131103515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46973012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28627","display_name":"Gestation","level":3,"score":0.47481977939605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4128476","display_name":"Birth weight","level":3,"score":0.46237561106681824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.4383275508880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.4100443720817566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.3437555432319641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172680121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26513","display_name":"Fetus","level":3,"score":0.25937986373901367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.23255106806755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000431","descriptor_name":"Ethanol","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000431","descriptor_name":"Ethanol","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000431","descriptor_name":"Ethanol","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000431","descriptor_name":"Ethanol","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002188","descriptor_name":"Cannabis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002188","descriptor_name":"Cannabis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002188","descriptor_name":"Cannabis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002188","descriptor_name":"Cannabis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003042","descriptor_name":"Cocaine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003042","descriptor_name":"Cocaine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003042","descriptor_name":"Cocaine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003042","descriptor_name":"Cocaine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009043","descriptor_name":"Motor Activity","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009043","descriptor_name":"Motor Activity","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009043","descriptor_name":"Motor Activity","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009043","descriptor_name":"Motor Activity","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009483","descriptor_name":"Neuropsychological Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009483","descriptor_name":"Neuropsychological Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009483","descriptor_name":"Neuropsychological Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009483","descriptor_name":"Neuropsychological Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011248","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy Complications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011248","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy Complications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011248","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy Complications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011248","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy Complications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011297","descriptor_name":"Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011297","descriptor_name":"Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011297","descriptor_name":"Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011297","descriptor_name":"Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016555","descriptor_name":"Matched-Pair Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016555","descriptor_name":"Matched-Pair Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016555","descriptor_name":"Matched-Pair Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016555","descriptor_name":"Matched-Pair Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019966","descriptor_name":"Substance-Related Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019966","descriptor_name":"Substance-Related Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019966","descriptor_name":"Substance-Related Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019966","descriptor_name":"Substance-Related Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1542/peds.98.1.76","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.98.1.76","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.98.1.76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77494981","display_name":"PEDIATRICS","issn_l":"0031-4005","issn":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315734","host_organization_name":"American Academy of Pediatrics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315734"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Academy of Pediatrics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8668416","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8668416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2373273","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2373273","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2373273","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2373273","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1830311252","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"M01-RR0-00533","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2303676920","display_name":"Prenatal Cocaine Exposure: Young Adult Follow Up","funder_award_id":"R01DA006532","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3999865358","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01DA06532","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5407248525","display_name":"General Clinical Research Center","funder_award_id":"5m01rr000533-40","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6049399876","display_name":"NEUROMOTOR FUNCTIONING IN COCAINE-EXPOSED INFANTS","funder_award_id":"5r01da006882-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6879903538","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 DA6882","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W16656549","https://openalex.org/W1524231642","https://openalex.org/W1549380740","https://openalex.org/W1601859106","https://openalex.org/W1604590180","https://openalex.org/W1862800302","https://openalex.org/W1968513427","https://openalex.org/W1969482975","https://openalex.org/W1972218223","https://openalex.org/W1973417384","https://openalex.org/W1976493811","https://openalex.org/W1990241980","https://openalex.org/W1998422210","https://openalex.org/W2005804267","https://openalex.org/W2012215522","https://openalex.org/W2016000103","https://openalex.org/W2029111473","https://openalex.org/W2032695188","https://openalex.org/W2042496048","https://openalex.org/W2059977257","https://openalex.org/W2062588759","https://openalex.org/W2063162736","https://openalex.org/W2066239597","https://openalex.org/W2082779084","https://openalex.org/W2154860495","https://openalex.org/W2203595571","https://openalex.org/W2263752662","https://openalex.org/W2264577544","https://openalex.org/W2275887787","https://openalex.org/W2321372592","https://openalex.org/W2323237126","https://openalex.org/W2424359250","https://openalex.org/W4206040854"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014719524","https://openalex.org/W1971533718","https://openalex.org/W4245554652","https://openalex.org/W2067864537","https://openalex.org/W1982824548","https://openalex.org/W4308787388","https://openalex.org/W2012447446","https://openalex.org/W2129537474","https://openalex.org/W2309429484","https://openalex.org/W2467083741"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"determine":[2],"in":[3,65,249],"a":[4,49,157,209],"representative":[5],"sample":[6,51],"of":[7,11,52,82,90,143,163,165,175,200,233,243,254],"full-term":[8,56],"urban":[9],"newborns":[10],"English-speaking":[12],"mothers":[13],"whether":[14],"an":[15],"immediate":[16],"or":[17,112,183],"late":[18],"dose-response":[19],"effect":[20,212],"could":[21],"be":[22],"demonstrated":[23],"between":[24],"prenatal":[25],"cocaine":[26,67,166,234],"exposure":[27,68,167,176],"and":[28,104,127,151,154,223],"newborn":[29,179],"neurobehavioral":[30,173,237],"performance,":[31,238],"controlling":[32,206],"for":[33,132,194,207,240],"confounding":[34],"factors.":[35],"METHODS:":[36],"The":[37],"Neonatal":[38],"Behavioral":[39],"Assessment":[40],"Scale":[41],"(NBAS)":[42],"was":[43,213,246],"administered":[44],"by":[45],"masked":[46],"examiners":[47],"to":[48,197],"total":[50],"251":[53],"clinically":[54],"healthy,":[55],"infants":[57,218],"at":[58,140,195],"2":[59,196],"days":[60,81,199,253],"and/or":[61,86],"17":[62],"days.":[63],"Three":[64],"utero":[66],"groups":[69],"were":[70,120,188,192],"defined:":[71],"heavily":[72,122,216],"exposed":[73,95,217],"(n":[74,96,106],"=":[75,97,107],"44,":[76],">":[77,87],"75th":[78,88,102],"percentile":[79,89],"self-reported":[80],"use":[83],"during":[84],"pregnancy":[85],"meconium":[91],"benzoylecognine":[92],"concentration);":[93],"lightly":[94,125],"79,":[98],"less":[99],"than":[100],"both":[101],"percentiles);":[103],"unexposed":[105,129],"101,":[108],"no":[109],"positive":[110],"biological":[111],"self-report":[113],"marker).":[114],"At":[115,202],"the":[116,141,161,178,185,241,250],"3-week":[117,236],"examination":[118],"there":[119],"38":[121],"exposed,":[123,126],"73":[124],"94":[128],"infants.":[130],"Controlling":[131],"infant":[133,138],"birth":[134],"weight,":[135],"gestational":[136],"age,":[137,146],"age":[139],"time":[142],"examination,":[144],"mothers'":[145],"perinatal":[147],"risk,":[148],"obstetric":[149],"medication,":[150],"alcohol,":[152],"marijuana,":[153],"cigarette":[155],"use,":[156],"regression":[158],"analysis":[159],"evaluated":[160],"effects":[162,174,232],"levels":[164],"on":[168,177,184,235],"NBAS":[169,180],"performance.":[170],"RESULTS:":[171],"No":[172],"cluster":[181],"scores":[182,187],"qualifier":[186],"found":[189],"when":[190],"confounders":[191],"controlled":[193],"3":[198,203],"age.":[201],"weeks,":[204],"after":[205],"covariates,":[208],"significant":[210],"dose":[211],"observed,":[214],"with":[215],"showing":[219],"poorer":[220],"state":[221],"regulation":[222,242],"greater":[224],"excitability.":[225],"CONCLUSIONS:":[226],"These":[227],"findings":[228],"demonstrate":[229],"specific":[230],"dose-related":[231],"particularly":[239],"arousal,":[244],"which":[245],"not":[247],"observed":[248],"first":[251],"few":[252],"life.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}