{"id":"https://openalex.org/W186202307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7275/mkxg-xt62","title":"THE FINANCIAL SECTOR AND INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA: ESSAYS ON ACCESS TO FINANCE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN SOUTH SUDAN AND KENYA","display_name":"THE FINANCIAL SECTOR AND INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA: ESSAYS ON ACCESS TO FINANCE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN SOUTH SUDAN AND KENYA","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W186202307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7275/mkxg-xt62","mag":"186202307"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.umass.edu:dissertations_2-1075","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.umass.edu/context/dissertations_2/article/1075/viewcontent/Garang_James_dissertation_4_11_14.pdf","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/83","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402057","display_name":"Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","host_organization_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/83","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027260770","display_name":"James Alic Garang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5470-9793","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5470-9793"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Garang, James A.","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Amherst"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027260770"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10987","display_name":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10987","display_name":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13867","display_name":"Economic Growth and Development","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-finance","display_name":"access to finance","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-and-medium-sized-enterprises","display_name":"small and medium-sized enterprises","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-inclusion","display_name":"financial inclusion","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusive-development","display_name":"inclusive development","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-sector-development","display_name":"financial sector development","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-sudan","display_name":"South Sudan","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kenya","display_name":"Kenya","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/m-pesa","display_name":"M-Pesa","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agent-banking","display_name":"agency banking","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-bank-of-kenya","display_name":"Central Bank of Kenya","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-size","display_name":"firm size","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-regulation","display_name":"financial regulation","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-rights","display_name":"land rights","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-revenue-distribution","display_name":"oil revenue distribution","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-services-innovation","display_name":"financial services innovation","score":0.37700000405311584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5627212524414062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986840890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837171","display_name":"Financial sector","level":2,"score":0.5606395602226257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780082420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4672483","display_name":"Access to finance","level":2,"score":0.5415800213813782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60852","display_name":"Financial inclusion","level":3,"score":0.5120380520820618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48879800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622439","display_name":"Small and medium-sized enterprises","level":2,"score":0.5105465650558472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777747085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449743","display_name":"Financial sector development","level":3,"score":0.47836536169052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139043278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837171","display_name":"Financial services","level":2,"score":0.43409696221351624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.42566096782684326}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.umass.edu:dissertations_2-1075","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.umass.edu/context/dissertations_2/article/1075/viewcontent/Garang_James_dissertation_4_11_14.pdf","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/83","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402057","display_name":"Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","host_organization_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.umass.edu:20.500.14394/20086","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14394/20086","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402057","display_name":"Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","host_organization_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"published","raw_type":"Dissertation (Open Access)"},{"id":"mag:186202307","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1075&context=dissertations_2","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.7275/mkxg-xt62","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7275/mkxg-xt62","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7275/mkxg-xt62","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053130","display_name":"University of Massachusetts (UMass) Amherst","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"thesis"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.umass.edu:dissertations_2-1075","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.umass.edu/context/dissertations_2/article/1075/viewcontent/Garang_James_dissertation_4_11_14.pdf","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/83","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402057","display_name":"Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","host_organization_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9211000204086304,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"score":0.7578999996185303,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.6773999929428101,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W186202307.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W186202307.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":146,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6233126","https://openalex.org/W75062084","https://openalex.org/W121273039","https://openalex.org/W159750628","https://openalex.org/W195130874","https://openalex.org/W226546572","https://openalex.org/W268016868","https://openalex.org/W290906231","https://openalex.org/W320541737","https://openalex.org/W342573449","https://openalex.org/W562704872","https://openalex.org/W640370032","https://openalex.org/W645706706","https://openalex.org/W1480807464","https://openalex.org/W1480908688","https://openalex.org/W1481235363","https://openalex.org/W1491069747","https://openalex.org/W1492929016","https://openalex.org/W1496271224","https://openalex.org/W1510011730","https://openalex.org/W1512804507","https://openalex.org/W1514296636","https://openalex.org/W1520534012","https://openalex.org/W1522514359","https://openalex.org/W1531070265","https://openalex.org/W1537543935","https://openalex.org/W1570956955","https://openalex.org/W1595698486","https://openalex.org/W1608780069","https://openalex.org/W1714264005","https://openalex.org/W1804644284","https://openalex.org/W1834599776","https://openalex.org/W1910177458","https://openalex.org/W1921071653","https://openalex.org/W1935358403","https://openalex.org/W1949074403","https://openalex.org/W1959935988","https://openalex.org/W1960806639","https://openalex.org/W1965145345","https://openalex.org/W1966973210","https://openalex.org/W1970352054","https://openalex.org/W1980417846","https://openalex.org/W1982728102","https://openalex.org/W1987500631","https://openalex.org/W1997572592","https://openalex.org/W1999311985","https://openalex.org/W2007452507","https://openalex.org/W2018944810","https://openalex.org/W2020336191","https://openalex.org/W2021716301","https://openalex.org/W2022031638","https://openalex.org/W2027257474","https://openalex.org/W2028313503","https://openalex.org/W2032305868","https://openalex.org/W2036562478","https://openalex.org/W2039129897","https://openalex.org/W2046723289","https://openalex.org/W2049033021","https://openalex.org/W2049350168","https://openalex.org/W2051438039","https://openalex.org/W2053241257","https://openalex.org/W2054781404","https://openalex.org/W2060060409","https://openalex.org/W2063609809","https://openalex.org/W2066584322","https://openalex.org/W2068018652","https://openalex.org/W2072157735","https://openalex.org/W2075112129","https://openalex.org/W2078523000","https://openalex.org/W2082357998","https://openalex.org/W2089820323","https://openalex.org/W2091422380","https://openalex.org/W2093030468","https://openalex.org/W2099268311","https://openalex.org/W2099744804","https://openalex.org/W2102897370","https://openalex.org/W2104131262","https://openalex.org/W2105367387","https://openalex.org/W2105372698","https://openalex.org/W2107544514","https://openalex.org/W2112042856","https://openalex.org/W2115849388","https://openalex.org/W2116256262","https://openalex.org/W2116924393","https://openalex.org/W2118096814","https://openalex.org/W2122207768","https://openalex.org/W2123252687","https://openalex.org/W2124974534","https://openalex.org/W2125696416","https://openalex.org/W2131773668","https://openalex.org/W2132605760","https://openalex.org/W2133837814","https://openalex.org/W2135116315","https://openalex.org/W2144543810","https://openalex.org/W2150087775","https://openalex.org/W2150952063","https://openalex.org/W2152354582","https://openalex.org/W2152489018","https://openalex.org/W2152841784","https://openalex.org/W2156877432","https://openalex.org/W2159191507","https://openalex.org/W2161999507","https://openalex.org/W2162486170","https://openalex.org/W2162610886","https://openalex.org/W2163065315","https://openalex.org/W2164484640","https://openalex.org/W2169439884","https://openalex.org/W2170305664","https://openalex.org/W2172035150","https://openalex.org/W2176154946","https://openalex.org/W2182495740","https://openalex.org/W2183124224","https://openalex.org/W2241925057","https://openalex.org/W2242637895","https://openalex.org/W2339780644","https://openalex.org/W2483787687","https://openalex.org/W2501639727","https://openalex.org/W2790332046","https://openalex.org/W2795866679","https://openalex.org/W2797873233","https://openalex.org/W2799143044","https://openalex.org/W2910202144","https://openalex.org/W3121405033","https://openalex.org/W3121647856","https://openalex.org/W3121806722","https://openalex.org/W3122091883","https://openalex.org/W3122763283","https://openalex.org/W3122812532","https://openalex.org/W3123339005","https://openalex.org/W3123526692","https://openalex.org/W3123780733","https://openalex.org/W3123783953","https://openalex.org/W3124131699","https://openalex.org/W3124420654","https://openalex.org/W3124454890","https://openalex.org/W3124667190","https://openalex.org/W3124897968","https://openalex.org/W3124922489","https://openalex.org/W3125223465","https://openalex.org/W3125360386","https://openalex.org/W3125670156","https://openalex.org/W3147320061","https://openalex.org/W4239604532","https://openalex.org/W4241562708","https://openalex.org/W4252053761","https://openalex.org/W7100339387"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W95459080","https://openalex.org/W1804187576","https://openalex.org/W3122475956","https://openalex.org/W7097496131","https://openalex.org/W4416262637","https://openalex.org/W7217173127","https://openalex.org/W2567110898","https://openalex.org/W2210763844","https://openalex.org/W4389142012","https://openalex.org/W2946342818"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"dissertation,":[1],"consisting":[2],"of":[3,11,37,63,117,142,159,189,240,279],"three":[4,141],"essays,":[5],"uses":[6],"data":[7],"from":[8,25,167,183],"field":[9],"surveys":[10],"banks":[12],"and":[13,15,23,59,104,110,208,263,274],"small":[14,76],"medium":[16],"enterprises":[17],"(SMEs)":[18],"conducted":[19,139],"in":[20,41,48,57,65,70,74,83,102,121,132,140,187,196,219,270],"South":[21,133,197,220],"Sudan":[22],"Kenya":[24,64],"July":[26],"2011":[27],"through":[28],"September":[29],"2012.":[30],"The":[31,91,123,178,222],"first":[32],"essay":[33,125,180],"examines":[34],"the":[35,54,60,99,115,118,143,160,184,190,212,225,231,238,248],"role":[36],"financial":[38,55,72,95,204,216,232,265],"sector":[39,217,233],"development":[40,218],"expanding":[42,71],"access":[43,84,119,127,173,193],"to":[44,79,85,88,128,172,174,194,199,211,228,236,258],"finance":[45,86,129,175,195],"by":[46,130,176],"SMEs":[47,131,207],"Kenya.":[49,122],"We":[50],"find":[51,153],"that":[52,154,165],"while":[53],"system":[56],"general,":[58],"Central":[61],"Bank":[62],"particular,":[66],"have":[67],"made":[68],"headway":[69],"inclusion":[73,266],"Kenya,":[75],"firms":[77],"continue":[78],"face":[80],"more":[81],"constraints":[82],"compared":[87],"larger":[89],"firms.":[90],"policy":[92],"emphasis":[93],"on":[94,136,192],"inclusion,":[96],"coupled":[97],"with":[98,209],"widespread":[100],"innovations":[101],"information":[103],"communications":[105],"technology,":[106],"such":[107],"as":[108,267],"M-Pesa":[109],"agency":[111],"banking,":[112],"are":[113],"furthering":[114],"expansion":[116],"frontier":[120],"second":[124],"assesses":[126],"Sudan,":[134,198],"based":[135],"a":[137,148,277],"survey":[138],"country\u2019s":[144],"ten":[145],"states.":[146],"Using":[147],"Probit":[149],"model":[150],"estimation,":[151],"we":[152],"not":[155,275],"only":[156],"does":[157],"size":[158],"firm":[161],"matter,":[162],"but":[163],"also":[164],"distance":[166],"Juba":[168],"is":[169,227],"inversely":[170],"related":[171],"SMEs.":[177],"final":[179],"draws":[181],"lessons":[182],"Kenyan":[185],"experience,":[186],"light":[188],"findings":[191],"formulate":[200],"proposals":[201],"for":[202,206,215],"innovative":[203],"services":[205],"regard":[210],"regulatory":[213,249],"framework":[214],"Sudan.":[221],"aim":[223],"throughout":[224],"dissertation":[226],"explore":[229],"how":[230],"can":[234],"serve":[235],"advance":[237],"goal":[239],"inclusive":[241],"economic":[242,261,280],"development.":[243,281],"Policy":[244],"recommendations":[245],"emphasize":[246],"strengthening":[247],"framework,":[250],"land":[251],"rights":[252],"administration,":[253],"channeling":[254],"oil":[255],"resource":[256],"revenues":[257],"fuel":[259],"broad-based":[260],"development,":[262],"pursuing":[264],"an":[268],"objective":[269],"its":[271],"own":[272],"right":[273],"just":[276],"byproduct":[278]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
