{"id":"https://openalex.org/W186179453","doi":null,"title":"Case of the month. Hepatic and renal failure in a patient taking troglitazone and metformin.","display_name":"Case of the month. Hepatic and renal failure in a patient taking troglitazone and metformin.","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W186179453","mag":"186179453","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11452755"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:11452755","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11452755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Arkansas Medical Society","raw_type":"Case Reports"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110285092","display_name":"M. Usman Chaudhry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153908","display_name":"John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044kgk540","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210099013","https://openalex.org/I4210138636","https://openalex.org/I4210153908"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79620101","display_name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79620101"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M U Chaudhry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, Little Rock, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, Little Rock, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153908","https://openalex.org/I79620101"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103679504","display_name":"Debra L. Simmons","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D L Simmons","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3682,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53311793,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"98","issue":"1","first_page":"16","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11465","display_name":"Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection","score":0.9648000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11465","display_name":"Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection","score":0.9648000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11943","display_name":"Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions","score":0.008200000040233135,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.007199999876320362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/troglitazone","display_name":"troglitazone","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metformin","display_name":"metformin","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatotoxicity","display_name":"hepatotoxicity","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-induced-liver-failure","display_name":"drug-induced liver failure","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-failure","display_name":"renal failure","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thiazolidinediones","display_name":"thiazolidinediones","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-drug-reactions","display_name":"adverse drug reactions","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-withdrawal","display_name":"drug withdrawal","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-safety","display_name":"drug safety","score":0.5220000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778150266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7844989","display_name":"Troglitazone","level":4,"score":0.9865512847900391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19484","display_name":"Metformin","level":3,"score":0.7732366323471069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7437189817428589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776923340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1393556","display_name":"Thiazolidinedione","level":4,"score":0.6884710788726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.5574378371238708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.4683721959590912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.4522862136363983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.41187208890914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.3542966842651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3425835371017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.2709822356700897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127078168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138639","display_name":"Peroxisome","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077288","descriptor_name":"Troglitazone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002839","descriptor_name":"Chromans","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004359","descriptor_name":"Drug Therapy, Combination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007004","descriptor_name":"Hypoglycemic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007004","descriptor_name":"Hypoglycemic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008687","descriptor_name":"Metformin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013844","descriptor_name":"Thiazoles","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017114","descriptor_name":"Liver Failure, Acute","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D045162","descriptor_name":"Thiazolidinediones","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058186","descriptor_name":"Acute Kidney Injury","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:11452755","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11452755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Arkansas Medical Society","raw_type":"Case Reports"},{"id":"mag:186179453","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11452755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017467910","https://openalex.org/W2073903529","https://openalex.org/W2084295440","https://openalex.org/W2007878526","https://openalex.org/W1566733175","https://openalex.org/W2084452269","https://openalex.org/W2067677086","https://openalex.org/W1981438405","https://openalex.org/W2288490027","https://openalex.org/W2013326347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Troglitazone":[0],"is":[1,39,119],"a":[2,91],"thiazolidinedione":[3],"with":[4,13,141,173],"insulin-sensitizing":[5],"activities":[6],"when":[7],"administered":[8],"to":[9,22,156,187,206],"humans":[10],"or":[11],"animals":[12],"type":[14,132],"2":[15,133],"diabetes":[16],"mellitus.":[17],"It":[18],"has":[19],"been":[20],"shown":[21],"have":[23],"numerous":[24],"desirable":[25],"metabolic":[26],"effects":[27],"on":[28,113],"glucose":[29],"and":[30,70,79,105,151,163,170],"lipid":[31],"metabolism.":[32],"A":[33],"major":[34],"adverse":[35],"effect":[36],"of":[37,42,49,61,88,94,124,131,165,185,195,202,210],"troglitazone":[38,196],"the":[40,75,122,129,138,161,174,176,182,193,198,203,211,214],"development":[41],"hepatotoxicity.":[43],"In":[44,67],"early":[45],"clinical":[46],"trials,":[47],"elevations":[48],"serum":[50],"aminotransferases":[51],"(>":[52],"3":[53],"times":[54],"upper":[55],"normal":[56],"limit)":[57],"occurred":[58],"in":[59,72,102,107,148,181,216],"48":[60],"2510":[62],"(1.9%)":[63],"subjects":[64],"receiving":[65],"troglitazone.":[66],"December":[68,217],"1997":[69],"again":[71],"August":[73],"1998,":[74],"United":[76,204],"States":[77],"Food":[78],"Drug":[80],"Administration":[81],"issued":[82],"stronger":[83],"warnings":[84],"after":[85,171],"getting":[86],"reports":[87,136],"more":[89],"than":[90],"hundred":[92],"cases":[93],"liver":[95,98],"damage,":[96],"including":[97],"failure":[99],"requiring":[100],"transplantation":[101],"three":[103],"patients":[104,150,186],"death":[106],"another":[108],"patient.":[109],"Warner-Lambert":[110],"Company":[111],"announced":[112],"March":[114],"21,":[115],"2000":[116],"that":[117],"it":[118,179],"voluntarily":[120],"discontinuing":[121],"sale":[123],"Rezulin":[125,142],"(troglitazone)":[126],"tablets":[127],"for":[128],"treatment":[130],"diabetes.":[134],"Media":[135],"sensationalizing":[137],"risks,":[139],"associated":[140],"therapy":[143],"had":[144],"created":[145],"an":[146],"environment":[147],"which":[149],"physicians":[152],"were":[153],"simply":[154],"unable":[155],"make":[157],"well-informed":[158],"decisions":[159],"regarding":[160],"safety":[162],"efficacy":[164],"Rezulin.":[166,190],"Under":[167],"these":[168],"circumstances,":[169],"discussions":[172],"FDA,":[175],"company":[177],"decided":[178],"was":[180],"best":[183],"interests":[184],"discontinue":[188],"marketing":[189],"Concerns":[191],"about":[192],"hepatotoxicity":[194],"led":[197],"Medicine":[199],"Control":[200],"Agency":[201],"Kingdom":[205],"request":[207],"voluntary":[208],"withdrawal":[209],"drug":[212],"from":[213],"UK":[215],"1997.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
