{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1853543004","doi":null,"title":"Evolution of poverty and welfare in Ghana in the 1990s : Achievements and challenges","display_name":"Evolution of poverty and welfare in Ghana in the 1990s : Achievements and challenges","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1853543004","mag":"1853543004"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1853543004","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.worldbank.org/afr/wps/wp61.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006889961","display_name":"Claus C. P\u00f6rtner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8052-9462","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8052-9462"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claus C. P\u00f6rtner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8052-9462","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066225870","display_name":"Sudharshan Canagarajah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudharshan Canagarajah","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1677,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94600886,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","score":0.005100000184029341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11168","display_name":"International Development and Aid","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty-reduction","display_name":"poverty reduction","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-welfare","display_name":"social welfare","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-disparities","display_name":"regional disparities","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-poverty","display_name":"rural poverty","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/determinants-of-poverty","display_name":"determinants of poverty","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/export-diversification","display_name":"export diversification","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-sector-growth","display_name":"private sector growth","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrastructure","display_name":"infrastructure","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-access","display_name":"market access","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-finance","display_name":"access to finance","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skilled-workers","display_name":"skilled workers","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-primary-education","display_name":"post-primary education","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-crop-farmers","display_name":"food crop farmers","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1990s-economic-growth","display_name":"1990s economic growth","score":0.7390000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.8912084102630615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.6149085760116577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.58937668800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.5679569840431213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178377140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q928590","display_name":"Culture of poverty","level":4,"score":0.5563819408416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553381038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2714378","display_name":"Extreme poverty","level":3,"score":0.5056099891662598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196777733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550467","display_name":"Basic needs","level":3,"score":0.504456639289856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776094956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5113992","display_name":"Chronic poverty","level":4,"score":0.4510197639465332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.4401886463165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142077812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175850","display_name":"Standard of living","level":2,"score":0.4137362241744995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992104146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824165","display_name":"Poverty reduction","level":3,"score":0.41073668003082275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.08685249090194702}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1853543004","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.worldbank.org/afr/wps/wp61.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"},{"score":0.7825999855995178,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"score":0.7578999996185303,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24842407","https://openalex.org/W182629641","https://openalex.org/W1485700608","https://openalex.org/W1489531139","https://openalex.org/W1545937856","https://openalex.org/W1674687987","https://openalex.org/W1858733141","https://openalex.org/W1963734247","https://openalex.org/W1969481969","https://openalex.org/W2010661637","https://openalex.org/W2028495911","https://openalex.org/W2036080479","https://openalex.org/W2040739540","https://openalex.org/W2048711016","https://openalex.org/W2053339668","https://openalex.org/W2061441826","https://openalex.org/W2068308529","https://openalex.org/W2068989462","https://openalex.org/W2092051775","https://openalex.org/W2095188844","https://openalex.org/W3015398586","https://openalex.org/W3021634630","https://openalex.org/W3126033029","https://openalex.org/W4292508150"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100092037","https://openalex.org/W1572476106","https://openalex.org/W424196515","https://openalex.org/W757825975","https://openalex.org/W2110271022","https://openalex.org/W4410163834","https://openalex.org/W1931092165","https://openalex.org/W6997419490","https://openalex.org/W4405257156","https://openalex.org/W7005417728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,113],"paper":[1,114,204,221],"traces":[2],"Ghana's":[3,148],"economic":[4,28,149,194],"transition":[5],"in":[6,63,77,83,111,122,226,244],"the":[7,32,70,75,84,89,119,129,156,162,180,203,248,252],"1990s":[8],"with":[9,142],"special":[10],"focus":[11],"on":[12],"its":[13,36],"social":[14,227,249],"welfare":[15,250],"and":[16,42,96,105,131,151,185,198,208,212,240],"poverty":[17,64,136,152,178,199,218],"dynamics.":[18],"Ghana":[19,123],"returned":[20],"to":[21,53,118,127,182,210,230,234,246],"a":[22,116,139,236],"slow":[23],"but":[24],"steady":[25],"rate":[26],"of":[27,35,74,87,133,155,175,177,251],"growth,":[29,195],"even":[30,107],"though":[31],"world":[33],"prices":[34],"two":[37],"main":[38],"export":[39],"commodities,":[40],"gold":[41],"cocoa,":[43],"declined.":[44],"Poverty":[45],"fell":[46],"from":[47,147],"just":[48],"more":[49],"than":[50,55],"50":[51],"percent":[52,57],"less":[54,171],"40":[56],"between":[58],"1992-1998.":[59],"However,":[60],"this":[61],"decrease":[62],"has":[65],"not":[66],"been":[67,170],"uniform":[68],"across":[69],"country":[71],"-":[72],"most":[73],"improvements":[76,104],"living":[78],"standards":[79],"have":[80,100,106,160,169],"taken":[81],"place":[82],"southern":[85],"parts":[86],"Ghana;":[88],"three":[90],"northern":[91],"regions,":[92],"Northern,":[93],"Upper":[94,97],"West":[95],"East":[98],"Ghana,":[99],"experienced":[101],"virtually":[102],"no":[103],"seen":[108,161],"some":[109],"increases":[110],"poverty.":[112,134],"is":[115,137],"response":[117],"renewed":[120],"effort":[121],"by":[124],"many":[125],"stakeholders":[126],"understand":[128],"distribution":[130],"determinants":[132,176],"Rural":[135],"still":[138],"pervasive":[140],"phenomena,":[141],"Savannah":[143],"region":[144],"benefiting":[145],"little":[146],"growth":[150,190],"reduction":[153],"experience":[154],"1990s.":[157],"Export":[158],"farmers":[159,168],"greatest":[163],"gains,":[164],"while":[165],"food":[166],"crop":[167],"fortunate.":[172],"The":[173,220],"analysis":[174],"highlight":[179],"need":[181,229],"diversify":[183],"exports":[184],"step":[186],"up":[187],"private":[188],"sector":[189],"as":[191],"prerequisites":[192],"for":[193,217],"employment":[196],"generation":[197],"reduction.":[200,219],"In":[201],"addition,":[202],"argues":[205],"that":[206,224],"infrastructure":[207],"access":[209],"financial":[211],"physical":[213],"markets":[214],"are":[215],"important":[216],"also":[222],"demonstrates":[223],"investments":[225],"sectors":[228],"give":[231],"focused":[232],"attention":[233],"developing":[235],"skilled":[237],"labor":[238],"force":[239],"post":[241],"primary":[242],"education,":[243],"addition":[245],"raising":[247],"poor.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
