{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1848003157","doi":null,"title":"Genetics and Life Insurance: A Comparative Analysis","display_name":"Genetics and Life Insurance: A Comparative Analysis","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1848003157","mag":"1848003157"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.erudit.org:002736dd","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://depot.erudit.org/id/002736dd","pdf_url":"https://depot.erudit.org/id/002736dd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401565","display_name":"\u00c9rudit documents and data repository (\u00c9rudit Consortium, University of Montreal)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://depot.erudit.org/id/002736dd","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085219750","display_name":"Trudo Lemmens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-0193","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-0193"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trudo Lemmens","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto Faculty of Law"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-0193","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto Faculty of Law","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018546125","display_name":"Yann Joly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8775-2322","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8775-2322"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yann Joly","raw_affiliation_strings":["McGill University; Centre for Genomics and Policy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8775-2322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McGill University; Centre for Genomics and Policy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013672213","display_name":"Bartha Maria Knoppers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7004-2722","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7004-2722"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bartha Maria Knoppers","raw_affiliation_strings":["McGill University; Centre for Genomics and Policy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7004-2722","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McGill University; Centre for Genomics and Policy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1802,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92120571,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12394","display_name":"Insurance and Financial Risk Management","score":0.8496000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12394","display_name":"Insurance and Financial Risk Management","score":0.8496000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13275","display_name":"Medical and Health Sciences Research","score":0.13459999859333038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13147","display_name":"Ethics and bioethics in healthcare","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-insurance","display_name":"life insurance","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-testing","display_name":"genetic testing","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-discrimination","display_name":"genetic discrimination","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwriting","display_name":"underwriting","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-rating","display_name":"risk rating","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insurance-regulation","display_name":"insurance regulation","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-law","display_name":"comparative law","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-insurance","display_name":"insurance access","score":0.722000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26503482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1898080","display_name":"Underwriting","level":2,"score":0.8094522356987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020299011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626608","display_name":"Life insurance","level":2,"score":0.7514513731002808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.5917877554893494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157763539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6806621","display_name":"Medical underwriting","level":5,"score":0.44880372285842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.35676220059394836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14293393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2663825","display_name":"General insurance","level":3,"score":0.34035414457321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68799949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977871","display_name":"Insurance policy","level":2,"score":0.32947641611099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.32588666677474976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101615574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17055997","display_name":"Income protection insurance","level":4,"score":0.18956530094146729}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.erudit.org:002736dd","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://depot.erudit.org/id/002736dd","pdf_url":"https://depot.erudit.org/id/002736dd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401565","display_name":"\u00c9rudit documents and data repository (\u00c9rudit Consortium, University of Montreal)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca:1866/2275","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2275","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2275","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402422","display_name":"Papyrus : Institutional Repository (Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:umontreal.scholaris.ca:1866/2275","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402422","display_name":"Papyrus : Institutional Repository (Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"mag:3121666411","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/bitstream/1866/2275/1/Genetics%20and%20Life%20Insurance.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.erudit.org:002736dd","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://depot.erudit.org/id/002736dd","pdf_url":"https://depot.erudit.org/id/002736dd","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401565","display_name":"\u00c9rudit documents and data repository (\u00c9rudit Consortium, University of Montreal)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.8974000215530396}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1848003157.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1848003157.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2065240124","https://openalex.org/W1177411131","https://openalex.org/W2057131151","https://openalex.org/W4211012253","https://openalex.org/W2073049307","https://openalex.org/W2899640064","https://openalex.org/W1571156965","https://openalex.org/W2100245163","https://openalex.org/W2067284401","https://openalex.org/W2948526058"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"debate":[1],"surrounding":[2],"the":[3,8,14,23,32,75],"role":[4,26],"of":[5,10,16,27,34,41,60],"life":[6,70,91],"insurance,":[7],"necessity":[9],"risk":[11],"rating,":[12],"and":[13,69,79],"notion":[15],"\u0093acceptable":[17],"discrimination\u0094":[18],"has":[19],"raised":[20],"questions":[21],"about":[22],"larger":[24],"social":[25],"insurance.":[28,71],"Recent":[29],"developments":[30],"in":[31,63,67],"field":[33],"genetics,":[35],"allowing":[36],"insurers":[37],"to":[38],"make":[39],"use":[40],"genetic":[42],"testing":[43],"technology":[44],"as":[45],"a":[46,57,86],"new":[47],"underwriting":[48],"tool,":[49],"have":[50],"reinvigorated":[51],"this":[52],"debate.":[53],"This":[54],"article":[55],"presents":[56],"comparative":[58],"study":[59],"positions":[61],"taken":[62],"countries":[64,78],"on":[65,81],"issues":[66],"genetics":[68],"We":[72],"will":[73],"analyze":[74],"43":[76],"selected":[77],"comment":[80],"their":[82],"potential":[83],"for":[84,90],"ensuring":[85],"more":[87],"equitable":[88],"access":[89],"insurance":[92],"applicants.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-09T07:26:56.047234","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}