{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1845609182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/nr.1999.3.1.154","title":"Field Notes: The Raelian Religion\u2014Achieving Human Immortality Through Cloning","display_name":"Field Notes: The Raelian Religion\u2014Achieving Human Immortality Through Cloning","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1845609182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/nr.1999.3.1.154","mag":"1845609182"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1525/nr.1999.3.1.154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/nr.1999.3.1.154","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/nr.1999.3.1.154","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S978343507","display_name":"Nova Religio The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions","issn_l":"1092-6690","issn":["1092-6690","1541-8480"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315693","host_organization_name":"University of California Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315693"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of California Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nova Religio","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087574471","display_name":"John M. Bozeman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John M. Bozeman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087574471"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.794,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91405165,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"154","last_page":"159"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13005","display_name":"Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13005","display_name":"Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11507","display_name":"Religion and Society Interactions","score":0.013399999588727951,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13150","display_name":"Study and Philosophy of Religion","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-religious-movements","display_name":"new religious movements","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-cloning","display_name":"human cloning","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-immortality","display_name":"human immortality","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/science-and-religion","display_name":"science and religion","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secularization","display_name":"secularization","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elohim","display_name":"Elohim","score":0.6430000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193942","display_name":"Immortality","level":2,"score":0.963533878326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121050878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135020","display_name":"Cloning (programming)","level":2,"score":0.7090163826942444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.580045223236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175000728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586573","display_name":"Human cloning","level":2,"score":0.504214882850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.4146629571914673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.2048378884792328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.17502745985984802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.15750297904014587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09680595993995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09455788135528564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.08664730191230774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1525/nr.1999.3.1.154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/nr.1999.3.1.154","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/nr.1999.3.1.154","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S978343507","display_name":"Nova Religio The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions","issn_l":"1092-6690","issn":["1092-6690","1541-8480"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315693","host_organization_name":"University of California Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315693"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of California Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nova Religio","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W848553551","https://openalex.org/W2016637523","https://openalex.org/W2158318165","https://openalex.org/W7169973675","https://openalex.org/W2056660679","https://openalex.org/W852322272","https://openalex.org/W4390967003","https://openalex.org/W4251946465","https://openalex.org/W3114057604","https://openalex.org/W7033516111"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"William":[0],"Sims":[1],"Bainbridge,":[2],"in":[3,16,26,54,61,100,132,143,196],"his":[4,268],"provocative":[5],"essay":[6],"\u201cNew":[7],"Religions,":[8],"Science,":[9],"and":[10,18,84,110,123,302],"Secularization,\u201d":[11],"points":[12],"out":[13],"that":[14,36,128,168],"progress":[15],"science":[17],"technology":[19],"has":[20],"tended":[21],"to":[22,204,223,248,263,276,284],"weaken":[23],"traditional":[24,38],"faiths":[25],"two":[27],"ways.":[28],"First,":[29],"scientific":[30],"developments":[31,112],"have":[32,74,113,264,280],"yielded":[33],"new":[34,136,155],"discoveries":[35],"threaten":[37],"ways":[39],"of":[40,52,64,104,183,215,234,244,252,259],"understanding":[41],"the":[42,49,62,101,116,133,166,173,187,216,225,232,242,245,249,257,272,278,282],"world.":[43],"Darwinism,":[44],"for":[45,120,236],"example,":[46,237],"could":[47,141],"undercut":[48],"intellectual":[50,109],"credibility":[51],"belief":[53,167],"a":[55,67,93,135,144,154,181,192],"personal":[56],"God":[57],"who":[58],"would":[59],"intervene":[60],"course":[63],"nature":[65],"on":[66,165,200],"regular":[68],"basis.":[69],"Secondly,":[70],"rational":[71],"secular":[72],"institutions":[73,96],"taken":[75],"over":[76],"many":[77,105],"basic":[78],"social":[79,111],"services,":[80],"such":[81,297],"as":[82,92,298],"education":[83],"charitable":[85],"work,":[86],"traditionally":[87],"dominated":[88],"by":[89,180,221,271,290],"religious":[90,95],"organizations;":[91],"result,":[94],"are":[97,219],"less":[98],"prevalent":[99],"day-to-day":[102],"lives":[103],"people.":[106],"Yet":[107],"these":[108],"not":[114],"changed":[115],"fundamental":[117],"human":[118],"need":[119],"meaning,":[121],"belonging,":[122],"purpose.":[124],"Bainbridge":[125],"thus":[126],"suggests":[127],"at":[129],"some":[130,169],"point":[131],"future,":[134],"religion":[137,162],"might":[138],"emerge":[139],"which":[140,197],"exist":[142],"mutually":[145],"supportive,":[146],"rather":[147],"than":[148],"antagonistic,":[149],"relationship":[150],"with":[151],"science.":[152],"Such":[153],"faith":[156],"may":[157],"now":[158],"exist.":[159],"The":[160,213,229,305],"Raelian":[161],"is":[163,261],"based":[164],"25,000":[170],"years":[171],"ago":[172],"earth,":[174,201],"then":[175],"without":[176],"life,":[177,255],"was":[178,206],"visited":[179],"race":[182],"benevolent":[184],"space":[185],"aliens,":[186],"Elohim.":[188,273],"These":[189],"aliens":[190,279],"began":[191],"vast":[193],"terraforming":[194],"project":[195],"all":[198],"life":[199],"from":[202,231,241],"bacteria":[203],"humans,":[205],"created":[207],"using":[208],"highly":[209],"advanced":[210],"DNA":[211],"technology.":[212],"scriptures":[214],"world\u2019s":[217],"religions":[218],"believed":[220],"Raelians":[222],"document":[224],"aliens\u2019":[226],"ongoing":[227],"activities.":[228],"expulsion":[230],"Garden":[233],"Eden,":[235],"records":[238],"humanity\u2019s":[239],"transfer":[240],"comfort":[243],"alien":[246],"laboratories":[247],"harsh":[250],"existence":[251],"self-sufficient":[253],"agrarian":[254],"while":[256],"resurrection":[258],"Jesus":[260],"thought":[262],"been":[265],"accomplished":[266],"through":[267],"being":[269],"cloned":[270],"From":[274],"time":[275,277],"revisited":[281],"earth":[283],"provide":[285],"more":[286],"direct":[287],"moral":[288],"guidance":[289],"inspiring":[291],"(and":[292],"perhaps":[293],"genetically":[294],"enhancing)":[295],"prophets":[296],"Jesus,":[299],"Buddha,":[300],"Mohammed,":[301],"Joseph":[303],"Smith.":[304],"group\u2019s":[306],"founder,":[307],"French-born":[308]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}