{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1836767153","doi":null,"title":"Adaptability of a broad spectrum of randomly selected patients to a variable design progressive lens: report of a nationwide clinical trial.","display_name":"Adaptability of a broad spectrum of randomly selected patients to a variable design progressive lens: report of a nationwide clinical trial.","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1836767153","mag":"1836767153","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8089391"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:8089391","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8089391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Optometric Association","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J M Young","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J M Young","raw_affiliation_strings":["Essilor of America, Inc., St. Petersburg, FL 33716"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Essilor of America, Inc., St. Petersburg, FL 33716","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074668176","display_name":"I M Borish","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I M Borish","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06106779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"6","first_page":"445","last_page":"50"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.9657999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.9657999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11291","display_name":"Intraocular Surgery and Lenses","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/progressive-addition-lenses","display_name":"progressive addition lenses","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presbyopia","display_name":"presbyopia","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-adjustment","display_name":"patient adaptation","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-acceptance","display_name":"patient acceptance","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multifocal-lenses","display_name":"multifocal lenses","score":0.5180000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779909278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319595","display_name":"Presbyopia","level":2,"score":0.7324486970901489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6139912605285645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020442560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4971815","display_name":"Broad spectrum","level":2,"score":0.45225030183792114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.4109737277030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.40491804480552673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3843342959880829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.32244619727134705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.1498870551586151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21951064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899212","display_name":"Combinatorial chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000221","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005139","descriptor_name":"Eyeglasses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010342","descriptor_name":"Patient Acceptance of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011305","descriptor_name":"Presbyopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011305","descriptor_name":"Presbyopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011474","descriptor_name":"Prosthesis Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055095","descriptor_name":"Optics and Photonics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:8089391","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8089391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Optometric Association","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},{"id":"mag:1836767153","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8089391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037466968","https://openalex.org/W2146242565","https://openalex.org/W2015780250","https://openalex.org/W1576457442","https://openalex.org/W4389689852","https://openalex.org/W2617939112","https://openalex.org/W7045345219","https://openalex.org/W2121379729","https://openalex.org/W2406141351","https://openalex.org/W2138424516"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Through":[1],"continuously":[2],"improved":[3,54],"design,":[4],"progressive":[5],"lenses":[6],"have":[7,19],"become":[8],"the":[9,33,111,135,156,161,171,181,215],"presbyopic":[10],"lens":[11,234],"style":[12],"of":[13,117,122,158,168,173,180,217,233,240,244],"choice":[14],"by":[15,25,191],"some":[16],"practitioners.":[17],"Studies":[18],"shown":[20],"them":[21],"to":[22,59,67,73,94,208],"be":[23,60,103],"preferred":[24,134],"patients":[26,50,109,227,239],"but":[27],"growth":[28],"has":[29],"been":[30],"modest":[31],"over":[32,138,220],"last":[34],"35":[35],"years.":[36],"Many":[37],"practitioners":[38,68,218],"may":[39,47],"remember":[40],"early":[41],"problems":[42],"now":[43],"eliminated.":[44],"This":[45],"stigma":[46],"prevent":[48],"many":[49],"from":[51,53,229],"benefiting":[52],"technology.":[55],"METHODS:":[56],"An":[57],"invitation":[58],"involved":[61],"in":[62,110,144,160,199,226],"a":[63,165,200,221,230,241],"study":[64,112,136,177,182],"was":[65,71,152],"sent":[66],"nationally.":[69],"Each":[70],"asked":[72,93],"induct":[74],"ten":[75],"patients;":[76],"obtaining":[77],"personal":[78],"and":[79,89,246],"prescription":[80],"information":[81],"as":[82,84,194,236,238],"well":[83,237],"preferences,":[85],"adaptive":[86],"experience,":[87],"age":[88,116],"occupation.":[90],"Practitioners":[91],"were":[92,124,184,197],"target":[95],"current":[96,140],"presbyopes":[97],"so":[98],"that":[99],"conversion":[100],"success":[101],"could":[102],"better":[104],"evaluated.":[105],"RESULTS:":[106],"The":[107],"1,713":[108],"had":[113],"an":[114],"average":[115],"49.4":[118],"years,":[119],"28":[120],"percent":[121,133,223],"whom":[123],"currently":[125],"wearing":[126],"bifocals":[127],"or":[128],"trifocals.":[129],"Of":[130],"these,":[131,214],"85":[132],"PAL":[137,183],"their":[139],"multifocal.":[141],"Most":[142],"adapted":[143],"less":[145,209],"than":[146,210],"two":[147],"weeks.":[148],"A":[149],"similar":[150],"percentage":[151],"also":[153],"seen":[154],"across":[155],"variety":[157,243],"occupations":[159],"study.":[162],"CONCLUSIONS:":[163],"With":[164],"confidence":[166],"level":[167,206,225],"95":[169],"percent,":[170],"findings":[172],"this":[174],"large":[175],"scale":[176],"regarding":[178],"acceptance":[179,205,224],"extremely":[185],"positive.":[186],"Success":[187],"is":[188],"apparently":[189],"influenced":[190],"fitting":[192],"skills":[193],"most":[195],"failures":[196],"recorded":[198],"few":[201],"isolated":[202],"practices":[203],"where":[204],"dropped":[207],"40":[211],"percent.":[212],"Without":[213],"balance":[216],"averaged":[219],"90":[222],"converting":[228],"wide":[231,242],"range":[232],"styles,":[235],"ages":[245],"occupations.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":21}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}