{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1836033269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2000)0720548sobnor2.0.co2","title":"Singlet Oxygen, but not Oxidizing Radicals, Induces Apoptosis in HL-60 Cells\u00b6","display_name":"Singlet Oxygen, but not Oxidizing Radicals, Induces Apoptosis in HL-60 Cells\u00b6","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1836033269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2000)0720548sobnor2.0.co2","mag":"1836033269","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11045728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2000)0720548sobnor2.0.co2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2000)0720548sobnor2.0.co2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2000)0720548sobnor2.0.co2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61245073","display_name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","issn_l":"0031-8655","issn":["0031-8655","1751-1097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033699079","display_name":"Irene E. Kochevar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3763-3923","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3763-3923"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irene E. Kochevar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101164266","display_name":"Mary C. Lynch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary C. Lynch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048518436","display_name":"Shougang Zhuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9719-4187","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9719-4187","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7743-3971","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5806-8209","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1680-9272"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shougang Zhuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103427456","display_name":"Christopher R. Lambert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher R. Lambert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4330,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4330},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1733,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":78,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90923018,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"4","first_page":"548","last_page":"548"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10957","display_name":"Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies","score":0.5023999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10957","display_name":"Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies","score":0.5023999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10294","display_name":"Cell death mechanisms and regulation","score":0.447299987077713,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11884","display_name":"Redox biology and oxidative stress","score":0.03060000017285347,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singlet-oxygen","display_name":"singlet oxygen","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidizing-radicals","display_name":"oxidizing radicals","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apoptosis","display_name":"apoptosis","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hl-60-cells","display_name":"HL-60 cells","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rose-bengal","display_name":"rose bengal","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosensitization","display_name":"photosensitization","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uva-radiation","display_name":"UVA","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-peroxidation","display_name":"lipid peroxidation","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-fragmentation","display_name":"DNA fragmentation","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-condensation","display_name":"nuclear condensation","score":0.8199999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777516457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2413613","display_name":"Singlet oxygen","level":3,"score":0.8920087814331055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139066938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185056","display_name":"Radical","level":2,"score":0.7629839777946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77176794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187689","display_name":"Oxidizing agent","level":2,"score":0.7409552931785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7108231782913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75473681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188651","display_name":"Photochemistry","level":1,"score":0.6862244606018066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780898351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11350933","display_name":"Rose bengal","level":2,"score":0.677665650844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190283241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14599311","display_name":"Apoptosis","level":2,"score":0.6065453290939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43759708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3749256","display_name":"DNA fragmentation","level":4,"score":0.5712406635284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.5456417798995972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5276937484741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48349386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424361","display_name":"Reactive oxygen species","level":2,"score":0.5270533561706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.36621469259262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.24178457260131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12898308038711548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31573885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304484","display_name":"Programmed cell death","level":3,"score":0.11345914006233215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.1064787209033966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012395","descriptor_name":"Rose Bengal","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012395","descriptor_name":"Rose Bengal","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014466","descriptor_name":"Ultraviolet Rays","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017209","descriptor_name":"Apoptosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017319","descriptor_name":"Photosensitizing Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017319","descriptor_name":"Photosensitizing Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017382","descriptor_name":"Reactive Oxygen Species","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017382","descriptor_name":"Reactive Oxygen Species","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018922","descriptor_name":"HL-60 Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018922","descriptor_name":"HL-60 Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018922","descriptor_name":"HL-60 Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053938","descriptor_name":"DNA Fragmentation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2000)0720548sobnor2.0.co2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2000)0720548sobnor2.0.co2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2000)0720548sobnor2.0.co2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61245073","display_name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","issn_l":"0031-8655","issn":["0031-8655","1751-1097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2000)072<0548:sobnor>2.0.co;2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2000)072<0548:sobnor>2.0.co;2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2000)072<0548:sobnor>2.0.co;2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61245073","display_name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","issn_l":"0031-8655","issn":["0031-8655","1751-1097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11045728","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11045728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Photochemistry and photobiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:10.1562/0031-8655(2000)072&lt;0548:SOBNOR&gt;2.0.CO;2","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1562/0031-8655%282000%29072%3C0548%3ASOBNOR%3E2.0.CO%3B2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402358","display_name":"BioOne Complete (BioOne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210111627","host_organization_name":"BioOne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111627"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6174023882","display_name":"Ultraviolet Light Induced Phenomena in Biomembranes","funder_award_id":"R01GM030755","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557686543","https://openalex.org/W1638074023","https://openalex.org/W1657827244","https://openalex.org/W1772341276","https://openalex.org/W1954313480","https://openalex.org/W1987390074","https://openalex.org/W1990763843","https://openalex.org/W1994346887","https://openalex.org/W1998424046","https://openalex.org/W2002283139","https://openalex.org/W2002407199","https://openalex.org/W2009848026","https://openalex.org/W2010377852","https://openalex.org/W2011342890","https://openalex.org/W2014757063","https://openalex.org/W2015463469","https://openalex.org/W2017728303","https://openalex.org/W2020063343","https://openalex.org/W2025271439","https://openalex.org/W2028171330","https://openalex.org/W2028305534","https://openalex.org/W2032970657","https://openalex.org/W2038098721","https://openalex.org/W2043244974","https://openalex.org/W2062273647","https://openalex.org/W2076741305","https://openalex.org/W2077504134","https://openalex.org/W2083036026","https://openalex.org/W2083316920","https://openalex.org/W2095564407","https://openalex.org/W2096251967","https://openalex.org/W2109266458","https://openalex.org/W2133241367","https://openalex.org/W2136024858","https://openalex.org/W2161990266","https://openalex.org/W2164698768","https://openalex.org/W2168870043","https://openalex.org/W2315250335","https://openalex.org/W2323678549","https://openalex.org/W2328643786","https://openalex.org/W2414079842","https://openalex.org/W3142278257","https://openalex.org/W6674491665"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4282976681","https://openalex.org/W7099324514","https://openalex.org/W2011461103","https://openalex.org/W2772637568","https://openalex.org/W2061483806","https://openalex.org/W2164571490","https://openalex.org/W2002283139","https://openalex.org/W2093820551","https://openalex.org/W2431777752","https://openalex.org/W87885620"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Oxidizing":[0],"species":[1],"(OS),":[2],"produced":[3,104],"by":[4,44],"photosensitization":[5],"or":[6],"derived":[7],"from":[8],"cytotoxic":[9],"agents,":[10],"activate":[11],"apoptotic":[12],"pathways.":[13],"We":[14],"investigated":[15],"whether":[16],"two":[17],"different":[18,102],"OS,":[19,103],"formed":[20],"at":[21,105],"the":[22,69,88,106,113,121],"same":[23,107,114],"subcellular":[24,108],"sites,":[25,109],"have":[26,112],"equivalent":[27],"ability":[28,115,122,136],"to":[29,62,116,126,137],"initiate":[30,127],"apoptosis":[31,118],"in":[32,60,81],"HL-60":[33],"cells.":[34],"Our":[35],"previous":[36],"work":[37],"showed":[38],"that":[39,101,120],"absorption":[40,53],"of":[41,54,123],"visible":[42],"light":[43],"rose":[45],"bengal":[46],"(RB)":[47],"produces":[48,57],"singlet":[49,63,96],"oxygen":[50],"exclusively,":[51],"whereas":[52],"ultraviolet":[55],"A":[56],"RB-derived":[58,70,89],"radicals":[59,90],"addition":[61],"oxygen.":[64,97],"Singlet":[65],"oxygen,":[66],"but":[67],"not":[68,111,131],"radicals,":[71],"induced":[72],"nuclear":[73],"condensation":[74],"and":[75,119],"DNA":[76],"fragmentation":[77],"into":[78],"nucleosome-size":[79],"fragments":[80],"a":[82],"dose":[83],"dependent":[84],"manner.":[85],"In":[86],"contrast,":[87],"caused":[91],"greater":[92],"lipid":[93,128],"oxidation":[94,129],"than":[95],"These":[98],"results":[99],"indicate":[100],"do":[110],"induce":[117,138],"an":[124],"OS":[125],"does":[130],"necessarily":[132],"correlate":[133],"with":[134],"its":[135],"apoptosis.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
