{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1831950684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084911","title":"Dependency redux: why Africa is not rising","display_name":"Dependency redux: why Africa is not rising","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1831950684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084911","mag":"1831950684"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/03056244.2015.1084911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084911","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084911","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36169284","display_name":"Review of African Political Economy","issn_l":"0305-6244","issn":["0305-6244","1740-1720"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of African Political Economy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058908254","display_name":"Ian Taylor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8721-3759","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8721-3759"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16835326","display_name":"University of St Andrews","ror":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["GB","ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ian Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of International Relations, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK; Department of Political Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa","Department of Political Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa","School of International Relations, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of International Relations, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK; Department of Political Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16835326","https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of International Relations, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058908254"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16835326","https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":115.6778,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":281,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99949791,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"147","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13000","display_name":"World Systems and Global Transformations","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13000","display_name":"World Systems and Global Transformations","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11743","display_name":"Political Economy and Marxism","score":0.013799999840557575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11823","display_name":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","score":0.007400000002235174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependence","display_name":"dependency","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underdevelopment","display_name":"underdevelopment","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-extraction","display_name":"resource extraction","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inequality","display_name":"inequality","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deindustrialization","display_name":"deindustrialization","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrialization","display_name":"industrialization","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-value-chains","display_name":"global value chains","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-commodity-exports","display_name":"primary commodity exports","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-advantage","display_name":"comparative advantage","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-development","display_name":"economic development","score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-economy","display_name":"global economy","score":0.4480000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32561294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476047","display_name":"Underdevelopment","level":2,"score":0.8173304796218872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41866144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202398","display_name":"Industrialisation","level":2,"score":0.8044816255569458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192063788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7063049","display_name":"Notional amount","level":2,"score":0.6503677368164062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5365555286407471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4725624918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.4678163230419159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317088","display_name":"Commodity","level":2,"score":0.4177808165550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.410926878452301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.3639294505119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.22179779410362244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.1763209104537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/03056244.2015.1084911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084911","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084911","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36169284","display_name":"Review of African Political Economy","issn_l":"0305-6244","issn":["0305-6244","1740-1720"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of African Political Economy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:revape:v:43:y:2016:i:147:p:8-25","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03056244.2015.1084911","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6227437","https://openalex.org/W173286598","https://openalex.org/W298551794","https://openalex.org/W309403789","https://openalex.org/W427844010","https://openalex.org/W561984089","https://openalex.org/W566389691","https://openalex.org/W568173199","https://openalex.org/W572958840","https://openalex.org/W585062416","https://openalex.org/W587647764","https://openalex.org/W602744836","https://openalex.org/W609628185","https://openalex.org/W626911823","https://openalex.org/W631337807","https://openalex.org/W632111813","https://openalex.org/W636851565","https://openalex.org/W654061609","https://openalex.org/W1490396779","https://openalex.org/W1512314522","https://openalex.org/W1520184347","https://openalex.org/W1537607133","https://openalex.org/W1574973133","https://openalex.org/W1601406031","https://openalex.org/W1893478335","https://openalex.org/W1926107677","https://openalex.org/W1976524480","https://openalex.org/W1994342199","https://openalex.org/W2034256620","https://openalex.org/W2038491445","https://openalex.org/W2051998369","https://openalex.org/W2058666949","https://openalex.org/W2073845040","https://openalex.org/W2074791066","https://openalex.org/W2102102937","https://openalex.org/W2106639360","https://openalex.org/W2108089635","https://openalex.org/W2111630075","https://openalex.org/W2146677949","https://openalex.org/W2164370245","https://openalex.org/W2174801568","https://openalex.org/W2186465514","https://openalex.org/W2257110030","https://openalex.org/W2291977214","https://openalex.org/W2320226746","https://openalex.org/W2323035505","https://openalex.org/W2341829494","https://openalex.org/W2605579029","https://openalex.org/W2734052717","https://openalex.org/W2974267481","https://openalex.org/W2982495227","https://openalex.org/W3124048114","https://openalex.org/W3124411200","https://openalex.org/W3125059346","https://openalex.org/W3194203780","https://openalex.org/W3194665004","https://openalex.org/W3217255540","https://openalex.org/W4236851142","https://openalex.org/W4237956272","https://openalex.org/W4238186231","https://openalex.org/W4240390459","https://openalex.org/W4240882011","https://openalex.org/W4241049637","https://openalex.org/W4242500702","https://openalex.org/W4245670633","https://openalex.org/W4246066143","https://openalex.org/W4301108604"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2322063792","https://openalex.org/W2504309121","https://openalex.org/W3014204772","https://openalex.org/W2082153706","https://openalex.org/W2579497839","https://openalex.org/W4231379006","https://openalex.org/W1791683511","https://openalex.org/W2150152313","https://openalex.org/W2380981610","https://openalex.org/W2332169810"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Whilst":[0],"numerous":[1],"accounts":[2,71],"claim":[3],"that":[4,79,81],"the":[5,9,27,38,54,69,76,82,125,133],"continent":[6,55,74,83],"is":[7,30,150],"on":[8,75,96,118],"rise,":[10],"driven":[11],"by":[12],"high":[13],"growth":[14],"rates":[15],"and":[16,20,59,63,107,124,129,152],"supposed":[17],"better":[18],"governance":[19],"economic":[21],"policies,":[22],"Africa's":[23,141],"dependent":[24],"position":[25],"in":[26,90],"global":[28,134],"economy":[29],"being":[31,56],"reified.":[32],"This":[33],"article":[34],"seeks":[35],"to":[36,53],"analyse":[37],"dynamics":[39],"which":[40,49],"are":[41,50],"accompanying":[42],"a":[43,73,87,146],"notional":[44],"\u2018rise\u2019":[45,94],"of":[46,72,99,127],"Africa":[47,131],"but":[48],"actually":[51],"contributing":[52],"pushed":[57],"further":[58,60],"into":[61,67],"underdevelopment":[62],"dependency.":[64],"It":[65],"calls":[66],"question":[68],"superficial":[70],"move":[77],"or":[78],"declare":[80],"has":[84,121,137],"somehow":[85],"turned":[86],"definitive":[88],"page":[89],"its":[91],"history.":[92],"A":[93,115],"based":[95,117],"an":[97],"intensification":[98],"resource":[100],"extraction":[101],"whilst":[102],"dependency":[103],"deepens,":[104],"inequality":[105],"increases":[106],"de-industrialisation":[108],"continues":[109],"apace,":[110],"cannot":[111],"be":[112],"taken":[113],"seriously.":[114],"model":[116],"growth-for-growth's":[119],"sake":[120],"replaced":[122],"development":[123],"agenda":[126],"industrialisation":[128],"moving":[130],"up":[132],"production":[135],"chain":[136],"been":[138],"discarded.":[139],"Instead,":[140],"current":[142],"\u2018comparative":[143],"advantage\u2019":[144],"as":[145],"primary":[147],"commodity":[148],"exporter":[149],"celebrated":[151],"reinforced.":[153],"History":[154],"repeats":[155],"itself.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-15T10:00:46.086208","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}