{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1827440323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050629.2015.1046599","title":"Oil, Natural Gas, and Intrastate Conflict: Does Ownership Matter?","display_name":"Oil, Natural Gas, and Intrastate Conflict: Does Ownership Matter?","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1827440323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050629.2015.1046599","mag":"1827440323"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/03050629.2015.1046599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050629.2015.1046599","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050629.2015.1046599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194428652","display_name":"International Interactions","issn_l":"0305-0629","issn":["0305-0629","1547-7444"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Interactions","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/server/api/core/bitstreams/201074ff-087f-435b-ae7b-00a4650452da/content","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006549152","display_name":"Tim C. Wegenast","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8904-0372","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8904-0372"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189712700","display_name":"University of Konstanz","ror":"https://ror.org/0546hnb39","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tim Wegenast","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Konstanz"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Konstanz","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006549152"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9473,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96078937,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"1","first_page":"31","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11823","display_name":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11823","display_name":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.012900000438094139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12263","display_name":"Peacebuilding and International Security","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-resource-ownership","display_name":"natural resource ownership","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-and-natural-gas","display_name":"oil and natural gas","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrastate-conflict","display_name":"intrastate conflict","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-owned-enterprises","display_name":"state-owned enterprises","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property-rights","display_name":"property rights","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clientelism","display_name":"clientelism","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patronage-networks","display_name":"patronage networks","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-spending","display_name":"social spending","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-and-gas-production","display_name":"oil and gas production","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-curse","display_name":"resource curse","score":0.6759999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777483011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3042652","display_name":"Grievance","level":2,"score":0.6905454397201538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777188754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140822","display_name":"Coercion (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6629434823989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29985473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188460","display_name":"Natural resource","level":2,"score":0.5980987548828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5852340459823608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.46949246525764465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776594853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20708710","display_name":"Civil Conflict","level":3,"score":0.44910144805908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43533309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q548599","display_name":"Exploitation of natural resources","level":3,"score":0.439853310585022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86511162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8799101","display_name":"Property rights","level":2,"score":0.43529966473579407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513891491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181865","display_name":"Civil society","level":3,"score":0.41509494185447693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13367683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10860599","display_name":"Internal conflict","level":3,"score":0.41219693422317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.36844897270202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.35549694299697876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.28567177057266235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.25090330839157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.19797012209892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.18766087293624878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/03050629.2015.1046599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050629.2015.1046599","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050629.2015.1046599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194428652","display_name":"International Interactions","issn_l":"0305-0629","issn":["0305-0629","1547-7444"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Interactions","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kops.uni-konstanz.de:123456789/31889","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-0-301773","pdf_url":"https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/server/api/core/bitstreams/201074ff-087f-435b-ae7b-00a4650452da/content","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401487","display_name":"KOPS (University of Konstanz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189712700","host_organization_name":"University of Konstanz","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International interactions : empirical and theoretical research in international relations. 2016, 42(1), S. 31-55. ISSN 0305-0629. eISSN 1547-7444. Verf\u00fcgbar unter: doi: 10.1080/03050629.2015.1046599","raw_type":"doc-type:article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:ginixx:v:42:y:2016:i:1:p:31-55","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/03050629.2015.1046599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:kops.uni-konstanz.de:123456789/31889","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-0-301773","pdf_url":"https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/server/api/core/bitstreams/201074ff-087f-435b-ae7b-00a4650452da/content","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401487","display_name":"KOPS (University of Konstanz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189712700","host_organization_name":"University of Konstanz","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International interactions : empirical and theoretical research in international relations. 2016, 42(1), S. 31-55. ISSN 0305-0629. eISSN 1547-7444. Verf\u00fcgbar unter: doi: 10.1080/03050629.2015.1046599","raw_type":"doc-type:article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1827440323.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1827440323.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W567581464","https://openalex.org/W639904162","https://openalex.org/W649542629","https://openalex.org/W1580497269","https://openalex.org/W1646077900","https://openalex.org/W1704367085","https://openalex.org/W1837712755","https://openalex.org/W1908089328","https://openalex.org/W1980111222","https://openalex.org/W1981563491","https://openalex.org/W1985454710","https://openalex.org/W1985473531","https://openalex.org/W2000099964","https://openalex.org/W2006329429","https://openalex.org/W2007352806","https://openalex.org/W2009295894","https://openalex.org/W2009595209","https://openalex.org/W2020948964","https://openalex.org/W2021153199","https://openalex.org/W2026493028","https://openalex.org/W2033767084","https://openalex.org/W2049227406","https://openalex.org/W2055984252","https://openalex.org/W2059351343","https://openalex.org/W2065678659","https://openalex.org/W2072893831","https://openalex.org/W2083620364","https://openalex.org/W2083780500","https://openalex.org/W2090658458","https://openalex.org/W2100058831","https://openalex.org/W2100820601","https://openalex.org/W2102603495","https://openalex.org/W2118200461","https://openalex.org/W2126032556","https://openalex.org/W2128395238","https://openalex.org/W2129198860","https://openalex.org/W2131374024","https://openalex.org/W2131830082","https://openalex.org/W2132482742","https://openalex.org/W2140881368","https://openalex.org/W2142705232","https://openalex.org/W2146333118","https://openalex.org/W2151443250","https://openalex.org/W2151780178","https://openalex.org/W2152082301","https://openalex.org/W2157310954","https://openalex.org/W2159191507","https://openalex.org/W2159881799","https://openalex.org/W2163848058","https://openalex.org/W2164062141","https://openalex.org/W2164072245","https://openalex.org/W2165261287","https://openalex.org/W2166504420","https://openalex.org/W2170050731","https://openalex.org/W2170350599","https://openalex.org/W2240202731","https://openalex.org/W2254191652","https://openalex.org/W2315807216","https://openalex.org/W2331586848","https://openalex.org/W2465170261","https://openalex.org/W2480700100","https://openalex.org/W3122074090","https://openalex.org/W3125178908","https://openalex.org/W3150905933","https://openalex.org/W3191682518","https://openalex.org/W4233236359","https://openalex.org/W4249669282","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W94647951","https://openalex.org/W2151443250","https://openalex.org/W2569861505","https://openalex.org/W2969627444","https://openalex.org/W2794250241","https://openalex.org/W2105813666","https://openalex.org/W3083372779","https://openalex.org/W2322591587","https://openalex.org/W2607417165","https://openalex.org/W2598526672"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,56,93],"impact":[1],"of":[2,28,58,135],"natural":[3,45],"resources":[4,130],"on":[5,25,32,42],"intrastate":[6],"violence":[7],"has":[8,22],"been":[9,23],"increasingly":[10],"analyzed":[11],"in":[12,77,83,132],"the":[13,26,29,53,66,117,133,136,139,158],"peace":[14],"and":[15,44,72,86,124,163],"conflict":[16,74],"literature.":[17],"Surprisingly,":[18],"little":[19],"quantitative":[20],"evidence":[21],"gathered":[24],"effects":[27],"resource-ownership":[30],"structure":[31],"internal":[33,164],"violence.":[34,165],"This":[35],"article":[36],"uses":[37],"a":[38],"novel":[39],"data":[40],"set":[41],"oil":[43,85],"gas":[46,87],"property":[47],"rights,":[48],"covering":[49],"40":[50],"countries":[51,82],"during":[52],"period":[54],"1989\u20132010.":[55],"results":[57],"regression":[59],"analyses":[60,143],"employing":[61],"logit":[62],"models":[63],"reveal":[64,144],"that":[65,96,122,145],"curvilinear":[67],"effect":[68],"between":[69,160],"hydrocarbon":[70,99],"production":[71,100],"civil":[73],"onset\u2014often":[75],"found":[76],"previous":[78],"studies\u2014only":[79],"applies":[80],"to":[81,152],"which":[84],"is":[88],"extracted":[89],"by":[90],"state-owned":[91],"companies.":[92],"findings":[94],"suggest":[95],"only":[97],"state-controlled":[98],"might":[101],"entail":[102],"peace-buying":[103],"mechanisms":[104],"such":[105],"as":[106],"specific":[107],"clientelistic":[108],"practices,":[109],"patronage":[110],"networks,":[111],"welfare":[112,147],"policies,":[113],"and/or":[114],"coercion.":[115],"At":[116],"same":[118],"time,":[119],"it":[120],"seems":[121],"greed":[123],"grievance":[125],"are":[126,150],"more":[127],"pronounced":[128],"whenever":[129],"lie":[131],"hands":[134],"state.":[137],"Exploring":[138],"within-country":[140],"variation,":[141],"further":[142],"divergent":[146],"spending":[148],"patterns":[149],"likely":[151],"be":[153],"one":[154],"causal":[155],"channel":[156],"driving":[157],"relationship":[159],"resource":[161],"ownership":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}