{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1815298173","doi":null,"title":"A blue-green alga from Okinawa contains aplysiatoxins, the third class of tumor promoters.","display_name":"A blue-green alga from Okinawa contains aplysiatoxins, the third class of tumor promoters.","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1815298173","mag":"1815298173","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3924698"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:3924698","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3924698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Japanese journal of cancer research : Gann","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028634203","display_name":"Hirota Fujiki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1512-3551","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1512-3551"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405287541","display_name":"National Cancer Center Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05fd4mq57","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087348","https://openalex.org/I4405287541"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H Fujiki","raw_affiliation_strings":["High-risk Study Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"High-risk Study Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081941431","display_name":"Kazuyuki Ikegami","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405287541","display_name":"National Cancer Center Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05fd4mq57","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087348","https://openalex.org/I4405287541"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Ikegami","raw_affiliation_strings":["High-risk Study Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"High-risk Study Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021067769","display_name":"Hiromi Hakii","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405287541","display_name":"National Cancer Center Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05fd4mq57","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087348","https://openalex.org/I4405287541"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H Hakii","raw_affiliation_strings":["High-risk Study Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"High-risk Study Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060817556","display_name":"Masami Suganuma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4257-6695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4257-6695"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405287541","display_name":"National Cancer Center Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05fd4mq57","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087348","https://openalex.org/I4405287541"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Suganuma","raw_affiliation_strings":["High-risk Study Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"High-risk Study Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041235430","display_name":"Ziro Yamaizumi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405287541","display_name":"National Cancer Center Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05fd4mq57","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087348","https://openalex.org/I4405287541"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z Yamaizumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011089637","display_name":"K. Yamazato","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32915989","display_name":"University of the Ryukyus","ror":"https://ror.org/02z1n9q24","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32915989"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Yamazato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, University of the Ryukyus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, University of the Ryukyus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32915989"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107595054","display_name":"Richard E. Moore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-9018","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-9018"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117965899","display_name":"University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa","ror":"https://ror.org/01wspgy28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331384533","display_name":"University of Hawaii System","ror":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331384533"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R E Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry University of Hawaii"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry University of Hawaii","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117965899","https://openalex.org/I1331384533"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105501776","display_name":"Takashi S\u00fcgimura","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T Sugimura","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Cancer Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Cancer Center","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2947,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86466561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":"4","first_page":"257","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11985","display_name":"Marine Toxins and Detection Methods","score":0.6478999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11985","display_name":"Marine Toxins and Detection Methods","score":0.6478999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11340","display_name":"Marine Sponges and Natural Products","score":0.06019999831914902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1305","display_name":"Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10252","display_name":"Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis","score":0.05829999968409538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aplysiatoxin","display_name":"aplysiatoxin","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debromoaplysiatoxin","display_name":"debromoaplysiatoxin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swimmer-s-itch","display_name":"swimmer's itch","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyngbya-majuscula","display_name":"Lyngbya majuscula","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyanobacteria","display_name":"cyanobacteria","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marine-cyanobacteria","display_name":"marine cyanobacteria","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-promoters","display_name":"tumor promoters","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-stage-skin-carcinogenesis","display_name":"two-stage skin carcinogenesis","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/okinawa","display_name":"Okinawa","score":0.6439999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101762097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224093","display_name":"Promoter","level":4,"score":0.7849221229553223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555283112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637543","display_name":"Carcinogenesis","level":3,"score":0.5833987593650818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779669040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93315","display_name":"Cyanobacteria","level":3,"score":0.46473172307014465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018854541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93315","display_name":"Blue green algae","level":4,"score":0.4193664789199829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.40879663825035095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.32871943712234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.3148866891860962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.25249582529067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.1623910367488861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.1112680435180664}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000458","descriptor_name":"Cyanobacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002273","descriptor_name":"Carcinogens","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007564","descriptor_name":"Japan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008235","descriptor_name":"Lyngbya Toxins","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009682","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013058","descriptor_name":"Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:3924698","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3924698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Japanese journal of cancer research : Gann","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:1815298173","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3924698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W256887666","https://openalex.org/W1975767895","https://openalex.org/W2030250096","https://openalex.org/W2063475148","https://openalex.org/W2074536661","https://openalex.org/W2108566310","https://openalex.org/W2424195085","https://openalex.org/W2434740603","https://openalex.org/W2477861169"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W137747193","https://openalex.org/W2486850993","https://openalex.org/W2032351888","https://openalex.org/W151528950","https://openalex.org/W2419093191","https://openalex.org/W4229898696","https://openalex.org/W4281677983","https://openalex.org/W4230371558","https://openalex.org/W2026986530","https://openalex.org/W2014829324"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"causative":[1,49],"agents":[2,35,50],"of":[3,20,51],"swimmer's":[4,52],"itch":[5,53],"were":[6,36,43,59],"isolated":[7],"from":[8],"the":[9,18,21,48,75],"marine":[10],"blue-green":[11],"alga,":[12],"Lyngbya":[13],"majuscula,":[14],"which":[15,42],"grows":[16],"off":[17],"coast":[19],"Okinawa":[22],"islands,":[23],"Japan.":[24,90],"Nuclear":[25],"magnetic":[26],"resonance":[27],"and":[28,40,57],"mass":[29],"spectral":[30],"studies":[31],"revealed":[32],"that":[33,78],"these":[34,84],"identical":[37],"with":[38],"aplysiatoxin":[39],"debromoaplysiatoxin,":[41],"previously":[44],"shown":[45],"to":[46,62],"be":[47,63],"in":[54,67,70,89],"Hawaii.":[55],"Aplysiatoxin":[56],"debromoaplysiatoxin":[58],"recently":[60],"found":[61],"potent":[64,85],"tumor":[65,87],"promoters":[66,88],"two-stage":[68],"carcinogenesis":[69],"mouse":[71],"skin.":[72],"This":[73],"is":[74],"first":[76],"report":[77],"humans":[79],"are":[80],"directly":[81],"affected":[82],"by":[83],"environmental":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}