{"id":"https://openalex.org/W180963757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7578-8_4","title":"Motivation: A New Perspective on Some Old Ideas","display_name":"Motivation: A New Perspective on Some Old Ideas","publication_year":1982,"publication_date":"1982-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W180963757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7578-8_4","mag":"180963757"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7578-8_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7578-8_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7578-8_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190405","display_name":"Perspectives in ethology","issn_l":"0738-4394","issn":["0738-4394"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perspectives in Ethology","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4244508718","display_name":"Ontogeny"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007587219","display_name":"Frederick M. Toates","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederick M. Toates","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biology Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK","Biology Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biology Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biology Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016693007","display_name":"Lynda I. A. Birke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynda I. A. Birke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biology Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK","Biology Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biology Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biology Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4744,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8630137,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"191","last_page":"241"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12787","display_name":"Human Behavior and Motivation","score":0.1890999972820282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12787","display_name":"Human Behavior and Motivation","score":0.1890999972820282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.17329999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivation","display_name":"motivation","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-state","display_name":"internal state","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-levels","display_name":"energy levels","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hunger","display_name":"hunger","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thirst","display_name":"thirst","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-control","display_name":"temperature control","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploration","display_name":"exploration","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggression","display_name":"aggression","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fear","display_name":"fear","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pain","display_name":"pain","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep","display_name":"sleep","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-maps","display_name":"cognitive maps","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foraging","display_name":"foraging","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making","display_name":"decision-making","score":0.9139999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.7743326425552368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6927304863929749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6388829946517944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6079166531562805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779448149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191797","display_name":"Aggression","level":2,"score":0.5944358110427856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5503076314926147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5119138956069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985564149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644302","display_name":"Intrinsic motivation","level":2,"score":0.4668935537338257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.42575421929359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.41760915517807007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.18539607524871826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.18119043111801147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.17067790031433105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10823273658752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.07765153050422668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7578-8_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7578-8_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7578-8_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190405","display_name":"Perspectives in ethology","issn_l":"0738-4394","issn":["0738-4394"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perspectives in Ethology","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oro.open.ac.uk:66678","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oro.open.ac.uk/66678/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196284","display_name":"Open Research Online - ORO (The Open University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","host_organization_name":"The Open University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book Section"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.7900000214576721}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":147,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25997302","https://openalex.org/W48610857","https://openalex.org/W60860509","https://openalex.org/W439013924","https://openalex.org/W607898785","https://openalex.org/W609671050","https://openalex.org/W615528781","https://openalex.org/W644097791","https://openalex.org/W647192614","https://openalex.org/W1481715187","https://openalex.org/W1484214231","https://openalex.org/W1494695790","https://openalex.org/W1516445549","https://openalex.org/W1558629401","https://openalex.org/W1582666466","https://openalex.org/W1776858398","https://openalex.org/W1811384757","https://openalex.org/W1890753574","https://openalex.org/W1964419961","https://openalex.org/W1965538448","https://openalex.org/W1966204952","https://openalex.org/W1966397255","https://openalex.org/W1966429008","https://openalex.org/W1968298807","https://openalex.org/W1972277682","https://openalex.org/W1973332832","https://openalex.org/W1974215340","https://openalex.org/W1975933559","https://openalex.org/W1976726559","https://openalex.org/W1978122935","https://openalex.org/W1978674961","https://openalex.org/W1982096257","https://openalex.org/W1982352829","https://openalex.org/W1984553681","https://openalex.org/W1986164891","https://openalex.org/W1986771368","https://openalex.org/W1990286984","https://openalex.org/W1998844087","https://openalex.org/W1999595193","https://openalex.org/W2002014199","https://openalex.org/W2003312567","https://openalex.org/W2004927486","https://openalex.org/W2007455229","https://openalex.org/W2011404693","https://openalex.org/W2016609285","https://openalex.org/W2016860980","https://openalex.org/W2018122341","https://openalex.org/W2019103461","https://openalex.org/W2022302470","https://openalex.org/W2022746008","https://openalex.org/W2025467053","https://openalex.org/W2026717158","https://openalex.org/W2026938340","https://openalex.org/W2029371676","https://openalex.org/W2030896577","https://openalex.org/W2031703602","https://openalex.org/W2032097197","https://openalex.org/W2032597645","https://openalex.org/W2033319161","https://openalex.org/W2033865036","https://openalex.org/W2034404893","https://openalex.org/W2035671273","https://openalex.org/W2036294237","https://openalex.org/W2037426355","https://openalex.org/W2042422926","https://openalex.org/W2042596878","https://openalex.org/W2042783899","https://openalex.org/W2043382510","https://openalex.org/W2051349927","https://openalex.org/W2051450129","https://openalex.org/W2053808710","https://openalex.org/W2061769568","https://openalex.org/W2062981179","https://openalex.org/W2063005261","https://openalex.org/W2067242762","https://openalex.org/W2068270073","https://openalex.org/W2068607427","https://openalex.org/W2069977347","https://openalex.org/W2071263006","https://openalex.org/W2071345319","https://openalex.org/W2071575781","https://openalex.org/W2072062870","https://openalex.org/W2074259349","https://openalex.org/W2075043171","https://openalex.org/W2076797312","https://openalex.org/W2077777980","https://openalex.org/W2078360301","https://openalex.org/W2078469789","https://openalex.org/W2078968098","https://openalex.org/W2080839993","https://openalex.org/W2082149624","https://openalex.org/W2084782371","https://openalex.org/W2086417613","https://openalex.org/W2089429888","https://openalex.org/W2090491121","https://openalex.org/W2092325340","https://openalex.org/W2092351251","https://openalex.org/W2094542138","https://openalex.org/W2098192186","https://openalex.org/W2103692957","https://openalex.org/W2104072208","https://openalex.org/W2105282743","https://openalex.org/W2107002228","https://openalex.org/W2112083076","https://openalex.org/W2112464975","https://openalex.org/W2117430481","https://openalex.org/W2117888718","https://openalex.org/W2132401814","https://openalex.org/W2136284908","https://openalex.org/W2144713149","https://openalex.org/W2146565529","https://openalex.org/W2146672066","https://openalex.org/W2163025446","https://openalex.org/W2202325855","https://openalex.org/W2209870693","https://openalex.org/W2239350975","https://openalex.org/W2252722167","https://openalex.org/W2271305072","https://openalex.org/W2312905114","https://openalex.org/W2314813953","https://openalex.org/W2317454865","https://openalex.org/W2317773571","https://openalex.org/W2318688241","https://openalex.org/W2320642236","https://openalex.org/W2321742874","https://openalex.org/W2325605806","https://openalex.org/W2329674734","https://openalex.org/W2330518372","https://openalex.org/W2335558338","https://openalex.org/W2343886507","https://openalex.org/W2413267140","https://openalex.org/W2415365911","https://openalex.org/W2479702448","https://openalex.org/W2490971692","https://openalex.org/W2576004467","https://openalex.org/W2800606011","https://openalex.org/W2990673382","https://openalex.org/W3076065560","https://openalex.org/W3140217694","https://openalex.org/W4205655574","https://openalex.org/W4230899494","https://openalex.org/W4237457821","https://openalex.org/W4246516600","https://openalex.org/W4251577786","https://openalex.org/W4387818695","https://openalex.org/W4387961526","https://openalex.org/W6721592106"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034757770","https://openalex.org/W3206713122","https://openalex.org/W2083918579","https://openalex.org/W2080976397","https://openalex.org/W3006193928","https://openalex.org/W1577762075","https://openalex.org/W4308523461","https://openalex.org/W4249813898","https://openalex.org/W7046146314","https://openalex.org/W7220810075"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}