{"id":"https://openalex.org/W180320533","doi":null,"title":"Immortalized human corneal epithelial cells for ocular toxicity and inflammation studies.","display_name":"Immortalized human corneal epithelial cells for ocular toxicity and inflammation studies.","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W180320533","mag":"180320533","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10235542"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:10235542","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10235542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030365422","display_name":"Elizabeth Offord","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2912-4635","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2912-4635"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112383","display_name":"Nestl\u00e9 (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5xwf23","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E A Offord","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nestl\u00e9 Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland","#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nestl\u00e9 Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024909155","display_name":"Najam A. Sharif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4432-730X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4432-730X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112383","display_name":"Nestl\u00e9 (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5xwf23","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N A Sharif","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046882477","display_name":"Katherine Mac\u00e9","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112383","display_name":"Nestl\u00e9 (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5xwf23","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Mac\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052256290","display_name":"Yvonne Tromvoukis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112383","display_name":"Nestl\u00e9 (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5xwf23","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y Tromvoukis","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113640273","display_name":"Elisa A. Spillare","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112383","display_name":"Nestl\u00e9 (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5xwf23","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E A Spillare","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032997868","display_name":"Ornella Avanti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112383","display_name":"Nestl\u00e9 (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5xwf23","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O Avanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066421381","display_name":"William E. Howe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112383","display_name":"Nestl\u00e9 (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5xwf23","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W E Howe","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108447268","display_name":"Andrea M. A. Pfeifer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112383","display_name":"Nestl\u00e9 (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5xwf23","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A M Pfeifer","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#        Nestle\u0301 Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112383"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9018,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":111,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92876712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"6","first_page":"1091","last_page":"101"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":0.4814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":0.4814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11828","display_name":"Corneal Surgery and Treatments","score":0.461899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13467","display_name":"Drug-Induced Ocular Toxicity","score":0.009800000116229057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sv40-t-antigen","display_name":"SV40 T antigen","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retroviral-transduction","display_name":"retroviral transduction","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corneal-epithelium","display_name":"corneal epithelium","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keratin","display_name":"keratin","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-expression","display_name":"cytokine expression","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growth-factor-expression","display_name":"growth factor expression","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytochrome-p450","display_name":"cytochrome P450","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-enzymes","display_name":"antioxidant enzymes","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-toxicity","display_name":"ocular toxicity","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-inflammation","display_name":"ocular inflammation","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wound-healing","display_name":"wound healing","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-competence","display_name":"metabolic competence","score":0.44699999690055847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6573494076728821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.5745863914489746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779257441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2040445","display_name":"Corneal epithelium","level":3,"score":0.46978774666786194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529295009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41301","display_name":"Epithelium","level":2,"score":0.21122261881828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002461","descriptor_name":"Cell Line, Transformed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005123","descriptor_name":"Eye","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006133","descriptor_name":"Growth Substances","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007634","descriptor_name":"Keratitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007634","descriptor_name":"Keratitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018675","descriptor_name":"Toxicity Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019573","descriptor_name":"Epithelium, Corneal","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019573","descriptor_name":"Epithelium, Corneal","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019573","descriptor_name":"Epithelium, Corneal","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019573","descriptor_name":"Epithelium, Corneal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:10235542","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10235542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:180320533","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10235542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92426398","https://openalex.org/W118472439","https://openalex.org/W134498934","https://openalex.org/W155826238","https://openalex.org/W162422877","https://openalex.org/W191793640","https://openalex.org/W202936329","https://openalex.org/W599921327","https://openalex.org/W1492404321","https://openalex.org/W1494631424","https://openalex.org/W1520223434","https://openalex.org/W1537855055","https://openalex.org/W1562806827","https://openalex.org/W1581414347","https://openalex.org/W1584652055","https://openalex.org/W1586781256","https://openalex.org/W1588899966","https://openalex.org/W1593719909","https://openalex.org/W1604043233","https://openalex.org/W1658076554","https://openalex.org/W1967237073","https://openalex.org/W1970685905","https://openalex.org/W1990054592","https://openalex.org/W1991752750","https://openalex.org/W1996292375","https://openalex.org/W2001331280","https://openalex.org/W2006607734","https://openalex.org/W2018823412","https://openalex.org/W2020333197","https://openalex.org/W2025024279","https://openalex.org/W2035508730","https://openalex.org/W2038329078","https://openalex.org/W2039042657","https://openalex.org/W2051241694","https://openalex.org/W2059293500","https://openalex.org/W2060120375","https://openalex.org/W2064682737","https://openalex.org/W2070708359","https://openalex.org/W2072395947","https://openalex.org/W2077230862","https://openalex.org/W2119226652","https://openalex.org/W2119297613","https://openalex.org/W2134812217","https://openalex.org/W3058514876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2188408826","https://openalex.org/W1537855055","https://openalex.org/W25534225","https://openalex.org/W1559419991","https://openalex.org/W4280559951","https://openalex.org/W6885461450","https://openalex.org/W7062377257","https://openalex.org/W126449994","https://openalex.org/W2049075369","https://openalex.org/W2462363334"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"To":[1],"develop":[2],"a":[3,28,99],"metabolically":[4,209],"competent,":[5],"human":[6,76,198],"immortalized":[7,26],"corneal":[8,21,77,199],"epithelial":[9,22,200],"cell":[10],"line":[11],"for":[12,38,69,123,129,139,146,211],"use":[13],"in":[14,45,115,194,203],"toxicity":[15],"and":[16,59,71,91,109,133,135,142,144,149,162,179,183,190,197,226,235,244,269],"inflammation":[17],"studies.":[18],"METHODS:":[19],"Primary":[20],"cells":[23,42,97,125,196,207,231],"(P-CEPI)":[24],"were":[25,43,81,208],"by":[27],"recombinant":[29],"simian":[30],"virus":[31],"(SV)40":[32],"T":[33,113],"antigen":[34,114],"retroviral":[35],"vector":[36],"defective":[37],"viral":[39],"replication.":[40],"The":[41,95,205,229],"grown":[44],"serum-free":[46],"medium":[47],"with":[48],"the":[49,62,75,111,116,249],"addition":[50],"of":[51,61,74,118,152,240],"bovine":[52],"pituitary":[53],"extract,":[54],"cloned":[55],"at":[56],"passage":[57],"15":[58],"one":[60],"best-growing":[63],"clones,":[64],"CEPI-17-CL4,":[65],"was":[66,126,192],"extensively":[67],"characterized":[68],"differentiation":[70],"metabolic":[72,245],"characteristics":[73],"epithelium.":[78],"Methods":[79],"used":[80],"immunostaining,":[82],"reverse":[83],"transcription-polymerase":[84],"chain":[85],"reaction":[86],"(RT-PCR),":[87],"northern":[88],"blot":[89],"analysis,":[90],"enzyme":[92],"assays.":[93],"RESULTS:":[94],"CEPI-17-CL4":[96,124,195,206,230],"showed":[98],"typical":[100],"cobblestone":[101],"morphology,":[102],"grew":[103],"to":[104,258],"more":[105],"than":[106],"200":[107],"passages":[108],"expressed":[110],"SV40":[112],"nucleus":[117],"every":[119],"cell.":[120],"Immunofluorescence":[121],"staining":[122],"strongly":[127],"positive":[128,138],"keratins":[130],"(K)8,":[131],"K18,":[132],"K19":[134],"vimentin;":[136],"weakly":[137],"K3,":[140],"K13,":[141],"K17;":[143],"negative":[145],"K4,":[147],"K7,":[148],"K14.":[150],"Expression":[151],"cytokines":[153],"(interleukin":[154],"[IL]-1alpha,":[155],"IL-1beta,":[156],"IL-6,":[157],"IL-8,":[158],"tumor":[159],"necrosis":[160],"factor-alpha,":[161],"IL-ra),":[163],"growth":[164,167,171,181,242],"factors":[165,172],"(transforming":[166],"factor":[168],"[TGF]-alpha,":[169],"epidermal":[170],"[EGF],":[173],"EGF":[174],"receptor":[175],"[EGFR],":[176],"TGF-beta1,":[177],"TGF-beta2,":[178],"platelet-derived":[180],"factor-beta)":[182],"cytochrome":[184],"P450":[185],"enzymes":[186,212,246],"(1A1,":[187],"2C,":[188],"2E1,":[189],"3A5)":[191],"similar":[193],"samples":[201],"obtained":[202],"biopsy.":[204],"competent":[210],"glutathione":[213,220,222],"S-transferase,":[214],"quinone":[215],"reductase,":[216,219,223],"aflatoxin":[217],"aldehyde":[218],"peroxidase,":[221],"superoxide":[224],"dismutase,":[225],"catalase.":[227],"CONCLUSIONS:":[228],"are":[232],"truly":[233],"immortal":[234],"express":[236],"an":[237],"extensive":[238],"array":[239],"cytokines,":[241],"factors,":[243],"that":[247],"resemble":[248],"original":[250],"tissue.":[251],"These":[252],"characteristics,":[253],"which":[254],"remain":[255],"stable":[256],"up":[257],"high":[259],"passage,":[260],"will":[261],"allow":[262],"reproducible,":[263],"mechanistic":[264],"studies":[265],"on":[266],"toxicity,":[267],"inflammation,":[268],"wound":[270],"healing.":[271]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
