{"id":"https://openalex.org/W180258352","doi":null,"title":"Explaining party system institutionalization in Africa : from a broad comparison to a focus on Mozambique and Zambia","display_name":"Explaining party system institutionalization in Africa : from a broad comparison to a focus on Mozambique and Zambia","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W180258352","mag":"180258352"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.ulisboa.pt:10451/15494","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10451/15494","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402433","display_name":"Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doctoral thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10451/15494","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068435000","display_name":"Edalina Rodrigues Sanches","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6007-3680","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6007-3680"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Edalina Rodrigues Sanches","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6007-3680","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068435000"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.8252000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.8252000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13162","display_name":"African Studies and Ethnography","score":0.0843999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.07519999891519547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/party-system-institutionalization","display_name":"party system institutionalization","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-saharan-africa","display_name":"sub-Saharan Africa","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mozambique","display_name":"Mozambique","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zambia","display_name":"Zambia","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/party-system-development","display_name":"party system development","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/party-funding","display_name":"party funding","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electoral-systems","display_name":"electoral systems","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-junctures","display_name":"critical junctures","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-design","display_name":"institutional design","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-structure","display_name":"social structure","score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/third-wave-democracies","display_name":"third-wave democracies","score":0.43700000643730164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164429055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2070165","display_name":"Institutionalisation","level":2,"score":0.9195938110351562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5891844034194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5534616708755493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3935149908065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3756968379020691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.35957714915275574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.10414806008338928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07848533987998962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.05028778314590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.ulisboa.pt:10451/15494","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10451/15494","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402433","display_name":"Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doctoral thesis"},{"id":"mag:180258352","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repositorio.ul.pt/bitstream/10451/15494/1/ulsd069288_td_Edalina_Sanches.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.ulisboa.pt:10451/15494","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10451/15494","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402433","display_name":"Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doctoral thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8046000003814697}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W201333250","https://openalex.org/W563459629","https://openalex.org/W565636169","https://openalex.org/W582876701","https://openalex.org/W602667892","https://openalex.org/W616294454","https://openalex.org/W618764699","https://openalex.org/W632946518","https://openalex.org/W637151452","https://openalex.org/W1132171254","https://openalex.org/W1491828535","https://openalex.org/W1499403617","https://openalex.org/W1500550881","https://openalex.org/W1511395520","https://openalex.org/W1515114101","https://openalex.org/W1521560361","https://openalex.org/W1536526188","https://openalex.org/W1537044747","https://openalex.org/W1548516183","https://openalex.org/W1561018600","https://openalex.org/W1598717703","https://openalex.org/W1601268309","https://openalex.org/W1607275780","https://openalex.org/W1616670183","https://openalex.org/W1714723801","https://openalex.org/W1884735238","https://openalex.org/W1914972138","https://openalex.org/W1972999457","https://openalex.org/W1979860773","https://openalex.org/W1989202778","https://openalex.org/W1993374471","https://openalex.org/W1994846024","https://openalex.org/W2002658715","https://openalex.org/W2003350916","https://openalex.org/W2004549006","https://openalex.org/W2005101856","https://openalex.org/W2005153658","https://openalex.org/W2006460885","https://openalex.org/W2010704710","https://openalex.org/W2010942070","https://openalex.org/W2023490457","https://openalex.org/W2027048033","https://openalex.org/W2031496465","https://openalex.org/W2032892971","https://openalex.org/W2034301206","https://openalex.org/W2034617014","https://openalex.org/W2045509200","https://openalex.org/W2050996151","https://openalex.org/W2051781450","https://openalex.org/W2058473106","https://openalex.org/W2060503750","https://openalex.org/W2072348828","https://openalex.org/W2073246558","https://openalex.org/W2075551271","https://openalex.org/W2076353323","https://openalex.org/W2081871314","https://openalex.org/W2084046411","https://openalex.org/W2084638907","https://openalex.org/W2086491382","https://openalex.org/W2091650897","https://openalex.org/W2091867123","https://openalex.org/W2092668104","https://openalex.org/W2093084984","https://openalex.org/W2094292971","https://openalex.org/W2101176236","https://openalex.org/W2103609248","https://openalex.org/W2107015796","https://openalex.org/W2107992979","https://openalex.org/W2109912291","https://openalex.org/W2113858845","https://openalex.org/W2116382733","https://openalex.org/W2116664031","https://openalex.org/W2117775033","https://openalex.org/W2124758747","https://openalex.org/W2125730875","https://openalex.org/W2132430039","https://openalex.org/W2138028901","https://openalex.org/W2141661686","https://openalex.org/W2143761664","https://openalex.org/W2161348797","https://openalex.org/W2161962616","https://openalex.org/W2167155027","https://openalex.org/W2228182743","https://openalex.org/W2267088637","https://openalex.org/W2279761204","https://openalex.org/W2320720109","https://openalex.org/W2321731100","https://openalex.org/W2324440273","https://openalex.org/W2325716709","https://openalex.org/W2330775179","https://openalex.org/W2333077126","https://openalex.org/W2494580847","https://openalex.org/W2738692759","https://openalex.org/W2738917847","https://openalex.org/W2801996185","https://openalex.org/W2892272454","https://openalex.org/W2925995861","https://openalex.org/W2970591693","https://openalex.org/W2991785733","https://openalex.org/W3209338798","https://openalex.org/W4205108066"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2888813814","https://openalex.org/W4236860290","https://openalex.org/W2908188982","https://openalex.org/W2999570967","https://openalex.org/W2292469584","https://openalex.org/W2167969796","https://openalex.org/W2319617675","https://openalex.org/W7096616984","https://openalex.org/W1601268309","https://openalex.org/W4244950842"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,269],"degree":[1,147,234],"of":[2,48,51,77,91,115,146,153,173,215,237,296],"institutionalization":[3,20,54,138],"has":[4,21,25],"become":[5],"a":[6,99,111,140,171],"paramount":[7],"criterion":[8],"to":[9,117,158,254,265],"classify":[10],"Third":[11],"Wave":[12],"party":[13,52,68,184,208,282,298],"systems.":[14],"Yet,":[15],"in":[16,70,144,151,191,233],"as":[17,19,105,293],"much":[18],"attracted":[22],"interest,":[23],"it":[24],"also":[26],"been":[27],"surrounded":[28],"by":[29,178,195,221,289],"few":[30],"conceptual":[31],"challenges":[32],"regarding":[33],"measurement":[34],"and":[35,46,82,84,126,148,183,203,207,228,235,244,249,257,284],"scope.":[36],"Moreover,":[37],"there":[38],"remain":[39],"relatively":[40],"open":[41],"questions":[42,94],"about":[43],"the":[44,88,149,179,218,222,255,267,275,294,297],"sources":[45],"mechanisms":[47,86,214],"varying":[49],"degrees":[50],"system":[53,185,209,299],"(PSI).":[55],"This":[56,134],"thesis":[57],"tackles":[58],"these":[59],"issues":[60],"through":[61,98,277],"three":[62],"questions:":[63],"\u201cTo":[64],"what":[65],"extent":[66],"are":[67,95,252,263,287],"systems":[69],"Sub-Saharan":[71,119],"Africa":[72],"institutionalized?\u201d":[73],"\u201cWhy":[74],"do":[75],"levels":[76],"PSI":[78,116,160,192,302],"vary":[79],"across":[80],"countries":[81,121],"time?\u201d":[83],"\u201cWhat":[85],"underlie":[87],"different":[89],"patterns":[90],"PSI?\u201d":[92],"These":[93],"sequentially":[96],"analyzed":[97],"mixed":[100],"methods":[101],"design":[102],"that":[103,122,137,169,189,274],"unfolds":[104],"follows.":[106],"We":[107,187],"start":[108],"with":[109],"applying":[110],"partly":[112],"new":[113],"model":[114],"19":[118],"African":[120],"have":[123],"held":[124],"regular":[125],"competitive":[127],"lower":[128],"house":[129],"elections":[130],"up":[131],"until":[132],"2011.":[133],"analysis":[135,224,272],"stresses":[136],"entails":[139],"two-fold":[141],"variance;":[142],"one":[143],"terms":[145,152],"other":[150,240],"quality.":[154],"Secondly,":[155],"we":[156,212],"seek":[157,213],"explain":[159,301],"variance":[161,190],"using":[162],"an":[163],"original":[164],"pooled":[165],"time-series":[166],"cross-sectional":[167],"dataset":[168],"assembles":[170],"range":[172],"independent":[174],"variables":[175],"considered":[176],"relevant":[177],"literature":[180],"on":[181,226],"institutional":[182,201],"development.":[186],"argue":[188],"is":[193],"influenced":[194],"exogenous":[196,241],"(social":[197],"structure,":[198],"polity":[199],"durability,":[200],"design)":[202],"endogenous":[204,245],"factors":[205,246,291],"(party":[206],"characteristics).":[210],"Lastly,":[211],"causality":[216],"behind":[217],"results":[219],"given":[220],"quantitative":[223],"focusing":[225],"Mozambique":[227],"Zambia,":[229],"which":[230,278],"differ":[231],"both":[232],"quality":[236],"PSI.":[238],"Furthermore,":[239],"(critical":[242],"juncture)":[243],"(interparty":[247],"networks":[248],"party-citizen":[250],"linkages)":[251],"added":[253],"study,":[256],"semi-structured":[258],"interviews,":[259],"conducted":[260],"during":[261],"fieldwork,":[262],"used":[264],"enrich":[266],"narrative.":[268],"case":[270],"study":[271],"shows":[273],"way":[276],"external":[279],"factors,":[280],"notably":[281],"funding/finance":[283],"electoral":[285],"system,":[286],"modeled":[288],"internal":[290],"such":[292],"structure":[295],"helps":[300],"variance.":[303]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}