{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1801081978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","title":"Estimation of Random Coefficient Demand Models: Challenges, Difficulties and Warnings","display_name":"Estimation of Random Coefficient Demand Models: Challenges, Difficulties and Warnings","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1801081978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","mag":"1801081978"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3386/w14080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091237878","display_name":"Christopher R. Knittel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7654-8641","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7654-8641"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Knittel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California , Davis Department of Economics One Shields Ave Davis , CA 95616 and","National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)","Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California , Davis Department of Economics One Shields Ave Davis , CA 95616 and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061097052","display_name":"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cc\u03b3\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4869-7997","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4869-7997"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Metaxoglou","raw_affiliation_strings":["OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","() University of California, Davis, Department of Economics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"() University of California, Davis, Department of Economics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":0.5181000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":0.5181000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.2709999978542328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11898","display_name":"Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets","score":0.13459999859333038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-programming","display_name":"nonlinear programming","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-optima","display_name":"local optima","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/starting-values","display_name":"starting values","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saddle-points","display_name":"saddle points","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-elasticity-estimation","display_name":"price elasticity estimation","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differentiated-products","display_name":"differentiated products","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"industrial organization","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameter-sensitivity","display_name":"parameter sensitivity","score":0.3440000116825104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.5527151226997375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.5181318521499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3850625455379486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.37097305059432983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.33864039182662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24775436520576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":9,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3386/w14080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nbr:nberwo:14080","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w14080.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w14080.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016909291","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://papers.nber.org/papers/w14080.pdf","pdf_url":"http://papers.nber.org/papers/w14080.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.172.8475","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.172.8475","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ftc.gov/be/seminardocs/090521cknittel.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.363.6489","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.363.6489","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://web.mit.edu/knittel/www/papers/RCs_latest.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.421.5947","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.421.5947","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://web.mit.edu/knittel/www/papers/RCs_latest_old.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.421.7686","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.421.7686","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://web.mit.edu/knittel/www/papers/RCs_012208.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1801081978","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1149328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3143404174","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/14080.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3386/w14080","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w14080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1801081978.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1801081978.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W73560095","https://openalex.org/W156781394","https://openalex.org/W582175795","https://openalex.org/W1526528820","https://openalex.org/W1542118577","https://openalex.org/W1550574784","https://openalex.org/W1565229770","https://openalex.org/W1586833993","https://openalex.org/W1773741487","https://openalex.org/W1791321229","https://openalex.org/W1967014496","https://openalex.org/W1978701436","https://openalex.org/W1978907431","https://openalex.org/W1980412904","https://openalex.org/W1984524168","https://openalex.org/W1989535774","https://openalex.org/W1998855065","https://openalex.org/W2000587002","https://openalex.org/W2001719329","https://openalex.org/W2017186929","https://openalex.org/W2018772681","https://openalex.org/W2024991751","https://openalex.org/W2028995298","https://openalex.org/W2033081143","https://openalex.org/W2040385951","https://openalex.org/W2054875385","https://openalex.org/W2065962142","https://openalex.org/W2081962207","https://openalex.org/W2083485815","https://openalex.org/W2089583970","https://openalex.org/W2106199554","https://openalex.org/W2115033532","https://openalex.org/W2124625132","https://openalex.org/W2133367005","https://openalex.org/W2155014080","https://openalex.org/W2157350782","https://openalex.org/W2158179451","https://openalex.org/W2161480676","https://openalex.org/W2165144879","https://openalex.org/W2167900190","https://openalex.org/W2890187108","https://openalex.org/W2987031590","https://openalex.org/W3121917322","https://openalex.org/W3122531453","https://openalex.org/W3125855424","https://openalex.org/W3144358072","https://openalex.org/W4235606187","https://openalex.org/W4237351148","https://openalex.org/W4244155226","https://openalex.org/W6631449525"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2187231313","https://openalex.org/W2037884513","https://openalex.org/W2188185039","https://openalex.org/W4393114590","https://openalex.org/W4362510824","https://openalex.org/W2761904745","https://openalex.org/W4406852405","https://openalex.org/W7000394231","https://openalex.org/W7095356694","https://openalex.org/W7221037333"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Empirical":[0],"exercises":[1],"in":[2,80,86,104,147],"economics":[3],"frequently":[4],"involve":[5],"estimation":[6],"of":[7,34,42,48,51,60,69,98,106,126,133,144,176],"highly":[8],"nonlinear":[9],"models.The":[10],"criterion":[11],"function":[12,109],"may":[13,93],"not":[14,115],"be":[15],"globally":[16],"concave":[17],"or":[18],"convex":[19],"and":[20,45,57,83,88,103],"exhibit":[21],"many":[22],"local":[23,27,99],"extrema.Choosing":[24],"among":[25],"these":[26],"extrema":[28],"is":[29],"non-trivial":[30],"for":[31,72],"a":[32,67,96,124,145,153],"variety":[33],"reasons.In":[35],"this":[36],"paper,":[37],"we":[38,151],"analyze":[39],"the":[40,58,107,111,131,141,174],"sensitivity":[41],"parameter":[43,135,177],"estimates,":[44],"most":[46],"importantly":[47],"economic":[49],"variables":[50],"interest,":[52],"to":[53,139,167],"both":[54],"starting":[55],"values":[56,166],"type":[59],"non-linear":[61],"optimization":[62],"algorithm":[63],"employed.We":[64],"focus":[65],"on":[66,130,173],"class":[68],"demand":[70],"models":[71],"differentiated":[73],"products":[74],"that":[75,91,121],"have":[76],"been":[77],"used":[78],"extensively":[79],"industrial":[81],"organization,":[82],"more":[84],"recently":[85],"public":[87],"labor.We":[89],"find":[90,117],"convergence":[92],"occur":[94],"at":[95,101],"number":[97],"extrema,":[100],"saddles":[102],"regions":[105],"objective":[108],"where":[110],"first-order":[112],"conditions":[113],"are":[114],"satisfied.We":[116],"ownand":[118],"cross-price":[119],"elasticities":[120],"differ":[122],"by":[123],"factor":[125],"over":[127],"100":[128],"depending":[129,172],"set":[132,175],"candidate":[134],"estimates.In":[136],"an":[137,148],"attempt":[138],"evaluate":[140],"welfare":[142,160],"effects":[143,161],"change":[146],"industry's":[149],"structure,":[150],"undertake":[152],"hypothetical":[154],"merger":[155],"exercise.Our":[156],"calculations":[157],"indicate":[158],"consumer":[159],"can":[162],"vary":[163],"between":[164],"positive":[165],"negative":[168],"seventy":[169],"billion":[170],"dollars":[171],"estimates":[178],"used.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}